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Septembre2017
StratégiesChirurgicalesMini-InvasivesPAThomas-Marseille
Liensd’intérêts
Stratégiesmini-invasives
• Chirurgiethoracoscopiquevidéo-etrobot-assistée
• Chirurgied’épargneparenchymateuse
• Parcoursdesoins–modesd’hospitalisa?on
Abordsmini-invasifs
Thoracoscopievidéo-assistée
Thoracoscopierobot-assistée
MORBIDITEETMORTALITE
Résec?onsparVATSdescancerspulmonairesCPNPC
Mortalité
Cao C et al. Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 2013;16 :244–249
Video-assisted thoracic surgery versus open thoracotomy for non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis of propensity score-matched patients
Morbidité
Cao C et al. Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 2013;16 :244–249
Video-assisted thoracic surgery versus open thoracotomy for non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis of propensity score-matched patients
Complica?onsrespiratoires
Cao C et al. Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 2013;16 :244–249
Video-assisted thoracic surgery versus open thoracotomy for non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis of propensity score-matched patients
Fuitesaériennesprolongées
Cao C et al. Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 2013;16 :244–249
Video-assisted thoracic surgery versus open thoracotomy for non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis of propensity score-matched patients
Troublesdurythme
Cao C et al. Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 2013;16 :244–249
Video-assisted thoracic surgery versus open thoracotomy for non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis of propensity score-matched patients
Duréed’hospitalisa?on
Cao C et al. Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 2013;16 :244–249
Video-assisted thoracic surgery versus open thoracotomy for non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis of propensity score-matched patients
2015:10:e0124512.
Sujets«àrisques»
QUALITEDEVIE
Résec?onsparVATSdescancerspulmonairesCPNPC
BendixenM,JørgensenOD,KronborgC,AndersenC,LichtPB.LancetOncol2016;17:836-44
BendixenM,JørgensenOD,KronborgC,AndersenC,LichtPB.LancetOncol2016;17:836-44
RESULTATSONCOLOGIQUES
Résec?onsparVATSdescancerspulmonairesCPNPC
Survieàlongterme
Taioli E et al. 2013;44 :591–597
Favoring VATS Favoring Thoracotomy
Metadifferenceinsurvival:5%;95%CI:3–6%
Survieàlongterme
HamajiM,LeeHS,KawaguchiA,BurtBM.OverallSurvivalFollowingThoracoscopicvsOpenLobectomyforEarly-stageNon-smallCellLungCancer:AMeta-analysis.SeminThoracCardiovascSurg2017;29:104-112.
Chi-FuJeffreyYangetal.AnnSurg2017;inpress
RésultatsOncologiques
Na?onalCancerDataBase
LichtPBetal.AnnThoracSurg2013;96:943–50
RésultatsOncologiques
DanishlungCancerRegistry
Réévalua?ondustadeganglionnaire
TagakiHetal.JThoracCardiovascSurg2011;142:477-8
Curagevs.Echan?llonnageMédecineFactuelle
DarlingGetal.JThoracCardiovascSurg2011;141:662-70
American College of Surgery Oncology Group Z0030 Trial
DarlingGetal.JThoracCardiovascSurg2011;141(3):662-70
Cequemontrecetessai
v Evalua?onganglionnaireminimale:2&4D,7,10D//5&6,710G
v Lecuragedanscefesitua?ondecN0trouve13%depN1et4%depN2(traitementadjuvant)
v Morbi-mortalitéiden?quedes2techniques
ACOSOGZ0030
v Pourlapra?queclinique:curage!
Journal of Thoracic Disease, Vol 5, Suppl 3 August 2013 S201
A B
C D
Figure 1. Main steps of a right anterior basilar subsegmenectomy of segments 7+8. A. Three-dimensional reconstruction of arteries and bronchi; B. a loop is passed around the main basilar arterial trunk and helps exposure of the arterial branches; C. after division of the artery to the anterior segments, backward traction of the loop helps exposing the bronchus to segments 7+8; D. segmental distribution of the branches of the right lower pulmonary vein. (A, artery; B, bronchus; V, vein; S, segment).
Figure 2. Main steps of a posterior subsegmenectomy of segments 9+10. A. Three-dimensional reconstruction of arteries; B. Dissection of the artery to the posterior segments; C. after division of the artery to the posterior segments, forward traction of the loop helps exposing the bronchus to segments 9+10; D. final aspect before reventilation after removal of the posterior segments. (RUL, Right upper lobe; ML, middle lobe; A, artery; B, bronchus; V, vein; S, segment).
A B
C D
Gossot D et al. J Thorac Dis 2013;5(S3):S200-S206
Résec?onsinfralobaires
Etenduedel’exérèsepulmonaire
• 1930–Pneumonectomie• 1960–Lobectomie• 1990-Segmentectomie
ü ChurchillED,etal.JThoracSurg1950;20:349–65.ü CahanWG.JThoracSurg1960;39:555–72.ü KodamaK,etal.AnnThoracSurg1992;54:1193-5
Ra?onnel
ü Epargneparenchymateuse• Tailletumorale• Résec?onsmul?ples&itéra?ves
ü Préserva?onfonc?onnelle• Qualitédevie• Maîtrisedurisqueopératoire
ü Risqueopératoire(sujetsàrisque)ü Contextecontemporain
• Épidémiologie• Alterna?vesthérapeu?ques
ü Pneumonectomie
ü LSD+«wedge»ü LSD+segmentectomie6ü Bisegmentectomie2&6
Défini?on
• Segmentectomie:Abla?ond’unouplusieurssegmentsanatomiques,associéàuncurageganglionnairescissural,hilaireetmédias?nal
• Caspar?culier:Culmenetlingulapeuventêtreconsidérercommedeséquivalentslobaires
• Résec?onatypique:Exérèsenonanatomiqued’unepar?ed’unlobe
Lesexérèsespulmonairesmajeures–donnéesPMSI
Segmentectomie
EPITHORWEB2016
lobectomie
segmentectomie
pneumonectomie
résec?onatypiqueunique
bilobectomie
biopsie
exploratrice
résec?onatypiquemul?ple
totalisa?on
7,6%
Chirurgieprogramméepourtumeurmaligneprimi?ve
Segmentectomies2016EpiWeb
• OMS0-1:90%• VEMSpréop:84%• Indexcomorbidité:6,1• T1-T2N0M0:88%• Moyenne:2segments• Curagesystéma?que:71%
• DMSpost-op:8,1J
• Voied’abord
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Chirurgieprogramméepourtumeurmaligneprimi?ve
N % Mortalité J30
Pneumonectomie 726 8.7% 4.9%
Bilobectomie 343 4.1% 2.9%
Lobectomie 6046 72.7% 1.8%
Segmentectomie 592 7.1% 0.5%
Résection atypique 604 7.2% 1.1%
Données de la base EPITHOR de la SFCTCV
Risquecontemporaindesexérèsespulmonairespourcancer2013-2014
2%sur8741exérèses
0.8%
Kim SJ et al. Changes in Pulmonary Function in Lung Cancer Patients After Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Ann Thorac Surg 2015; 99:210–7
SLR
L
Epargnefonc?onnelle
Fernando HC et al. Analysis of longitudinal quality-of-life data in high-risk operable patients with lung cancer: Results from the ACOSOG Z4032 (Alliance) multicenter randomized trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 149(3):718-25
Qualitédevie
resection due to an inferior OS rate and a higher recurrence ratethan for lobectomy [2]. Since then, studies comparing the effect ofsublobar resection and lobectomy have been limited to retro-spective reviews with a small sample size [7, 19, 20, 22]. Advancesin minimally invasive surgical techniques, critical care and imaginghave caused the issue of sublobar resection, especially segmen-tectomy, to remerge [24]. The poor prognosis associated with sub-lobar resection may be due to the use of non-anatomical wedgeresection, which does not allow efficient dissection of the pul-monary hilar lymph nodes, whereas anatomical segmentectomydoes allow the dissection of these nodes and may be suitable forcandidates with small-sized NSCLC. Furthermore, the accuratelymph node staging data available with segmentectomy but notwith wedge resection are important for postoperative treatment.
Recently, thoracic surgeons have focused on the evaluation ofsegmentectomy and lobectomy for patients with small-sizedNSCLC, with both encouraging and discouraging outcomesreported (Table 1). Meta-analyses reported by Nakamura et al.[33] and Fan et al. [34] compared sublobar resection and lobec-tomy. Nakamura combined differences in survival (survival ratewith lobectomy minus that with limited resection) at 1, 3 and 5years after resection and found no significant differences in sur-vival, suggesting that survival after sublobar resection for Stage Ilung cancer is comparable with that after lobectomy [33].However, their report was based on data published about 10years ago and much additional data have been published in
recent years. Fan et al. conducted a meta-analysis to compare theoutcomes of segmentectomy with lobectomy for stage I NSCLCpatients based on eight published studies, the results showed seg-mentectomy produced an outcome similar to that with lobec-tomy [34]; nonetheless, their findings are limited, with many moredata reported in recent years. Moreover, these two meta-analysesdo not compare segmentectomy with lobectomy using stratifieddata based on different tumour sizes [33, 34], and it is necessary toconduct a more stratified meta-analysis comparing segmentect-omy and lobectomy that is based on updated data.Meta-analysis is often used in randomized clinical trials (RCTs),
but the application of meta-analysis to observational studies iscontroversial [35]. However, when no RCTs are available, as is the
Figure 2: Overall survival/cancer-specific survival estimates for segmentectomy compared with lobectomy for Stage I NSCLC. Seg: segmentectomy; Lob: lobectomy.
Table 2: Summary of comparison results
Series Survival Comparison of survival Egger’s test
HR 95% CI P-value Bias P-value
I OS/CSS 1.20 1.04–1.38 0.011 0.12 0.770IA OS/CSS 1.24 1.08–1.42 0.002 −0.41 0.265IA (2–3 cm) OS/CSS 1.41 1.14–1.71 0.001 0.35 0.678IA (≤2 cm) OS/CSS 1.05 0.89–1.24 0.550 −0.15 0.802
F. Bao et al. / European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery4
La segmentectomie procure une survie inférieure à celle produite par la lobectomie chez les patients ayant un CPNPC de stade cI, de stade cI-A, et de stade cI-A avec une tumeur de plus de 2 cm.
Bao F, et al. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg 2014;46:1-7
Survieàlongterme
Inpress
NakamuraK,SajiH,NakajimaR,OkadaM,AsamuraH,ShibataT,etal.AphaseIIIrandomizedtrialoflobectomyversuslimitedresec?onforsmall-sizedperipheralnon-smallcelllungcancer(JCOG0802/WJOG4607L)JpnJClinOncol.2010;40:271–4.
AltorkiN,KeenanR,BauerT,ScalzeyE,DemmyT,KohmanL,etal.CALGB140503/Endorsedstudy:“AphaseIIIrandomizedtrialoflobectomyversussublobarresec?onforsmall(<2cm)peripheralnon-smallcelllungcancer”.
Parcoursdesoins«mini-invasifs»
• Innova?onstechnologiques(imagerie–informa?que-matériel)
• Améliora?ondestechniques(«sansscissure»….)• Changementsépidémiologiques(dépistage)• Evolu?onducadreréglementaire(plancancer/cer?fica?on/
accrédita?on/registres…)• Aboli?ondesdogmes!(ex:drainagethoracique!)• Changementsdeparadigmes(pasdeprémédica?on–pasde
jeûneprolongé–pasdesondeurinaireoudeSG-mobilisa?onprécoce–analgésielocorégionale–hospitalisa?oncourte)
Mobilisation précoce et drainage portatif
ParcoursRAAC
Education thérapeutique & Réhabilitation préopératoire
Structure d’aval
Mobilisation
Drainage Thoracique
Sortie rapide (DVT prophylaxis)
IDE-MKDE
Chirurgien
Analgésie personnalisée Anesthésiste
Médecindefamille
Coordinatrice
Equipehospitalière
AssistanteSocialeDiété?cienne Gériatre Chirurgien&Anesthésiste
Patient
Leconceptdechirurgiethoraciquemini-invasive
• Minimiserl’agressionchirurgicalesanscompromefrelesrésultatsoncologiques
• Incorporerlesévolu?onstechnologiques• Promouvoirlesparcoursdesoinsdédiés(RAAC)
• Maisuneautre(r)évolu?onarrive….
Lepa?entconnecté