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This muscle never stops working…
It works when you are asleep…
It works when you eat…
It really works when you exercise….
What is it????
The HEART
Located between the lungs in the mid thoracic region
Apex points toward the left hip
Surrounded by a membrane called the
pericardium
Composed of cardiac muscle tissue
The chambers: Left & Right AtriaLeft & Right Ventricles
The valves: Atrioventricular valves = Tricuspid, Mitral, Semilunar valves = Pulmonary & Aortic
The vessels:Pulmonary artery & vein
Superior & inferior vena cavaAorta
The ValvesAllow blood to flow in only one direction
The pulmonary semilunar valve is the doorway between the right
ventricle and the pulmonary artery which carries “dirty”
blood to the lungs
The aortic semilunar valve is the doorway between the left
ventricle and the aorta which carries “clean” blood to the body
The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium and right ventricle
Composed of 3 flaps
The mitral valve (sometimes called the bicuspid valve) separates the
left atrium and left ventricleComposed of 2 flaps
The ValvesAllow blood to flow in only one direction
Valves open as blood is pumped throughHeld in place by chordae tendineae (“heart strings”)
Aorta leaves left ventricle
Pulmonary artery leaves right ventricle
Superior vena cavaenters right atrium
Inferior vena cavaenters right atrium
L Pulmonary veins enters left atrium
Rt Pulmonary veinsenters left atrium
The VesselsSuperior Vena CavaInferior Vena CavaCarry deoxygenated blood from the upper and lower parts of the
body into the heart
Pulmonary ArteriesCarry deoxygenated blood from the heart
to the lungs
Pulmonary VeinsCarry oxygenated
blood from the lungs to the heart
AortaCarries oxygenated blood from the heart
out to the body
Functions to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to
remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
Cardiovascular SystemA DOUBLE PUMP system
Pulmonary CircuitRA RV Pulmonary artery capillary beds of the alveoli
Systemic Circuitcapillary beds of the alveoli LA LV Aorta Body
Oxygen-poor blood (shown in blue) flows from the body into
the right atrium.
Blood flows through the right atrium into the right
ventricle.
The right ventricle pumps the blood to the lungs, where
the blood releases waste gases and picks up oxygen.
The newly oxygen-rich blood (shown in red) returns to the
heart and enters the left atrium.
Blood flows through the left atrium into the left ventricle.
The left ventricle pumps the oxygen-rich blood to all parts
of the body.
Lub If you listen to
your heartbeat, it makes a lub dub
sound.
The lub is when blood is pushed out of the heart into the body and the dub is the
reloading of the heart with more blood ready
to push it out to the body
Dub
Give a tennis ball a good, hard squeeze. You're using about the same amount of force your heart uses to pump blood out to the body. Even at rest, the muscles of the heart work hard--twice as hard as the leg muscles of a person sprinting.
The human heart can create enough pressure that it could squirt blood at a distance of thirty feet.
Scientists have discovered that the longer the ring finger is in boys the less chance they have of having a heart attack.
Heart Facts
Hold out your hand and make a fist. If you're a kid, your heart is about the same size as your fist, and if you're an adult, it's about the same
size as two fists.
Your heart beats about 100,000 times in one day and about 35 million times in a year. During an average lifetime, the human heart will beat
more than 2.5 billion times.
COMPOSITION BOOK• Cut out diagram of heart• Label the major vessels• Label the chambers• Label the valves• Color the areas of deoxygenated blood blue• Color the areas of oxygenated blood red• Answer the following questions in complete sentences on the page below your diagram
1. Why is the cardiovascular system referred to as a “double pump” system?
2. Where does the systemic circuit go?
3. What is the name of the circuit that is responsible for oxygenating the blood?
