THIRDEURO-CERAMICS

Volume 3Engineering Ceramics

Edited by

P. DURAN

and

J. F. FERNANDEZ

Instituto de Cer$mica y Vidrio, C.S.I.C., Arganda del Hey, SPAIN.

l i m p nliuii ok' lannsi nliirirc sju.

IAENZA

FAENZA EDITRICE IBERICA

CONTENT

Volume 3:/ENGINEERING CERAMICS

Foreword vHonorary Committee viiInternational Advisory Committee viiLocal Advisory Committee viiiCouncil of the ECerS viiiScientific Programme Organizing Committe viiiSponsors of ECerS ix

111.1 BIOCERAMICS .

NOVEL CERAMICS FOR BIOMEDIAL APPLICATIONST. Kokubo 1

CERAMIC PROTOTYPES FOR MEDICAL APPLICATIONR. Martinetti, P.C. Martinengo, A. Ravaglioli, A. Krajevvski, E. Roncari 17

PROPERTIES AND MICROSTRUCTURES OF SYNTHETIC HYDROXYAPATITEZ. Shaoxian, G. Jingkun, Y. Zhioxiong, C. Wanpeng, f. Jingwei 25

PROCESSING AND PROPERTIES OF HYDROXYAPATITE/SILVER BIOCERAMICCOMPOSITES

X. Zhang, G.H.M. Gubbels, R.A. Terpstra, R. Metselaar 31

EVALUATION OF HOMOGENEITY FOR SINTERED HYDROYAPATITE BY CT-VALUEST. Matsuno, K. Sakuari, M. Koishi 37

CLINICAL RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF HA IN THE HEALING OF PERIAPICALLESIONS

S.M. Ibrahim, M. Abdel Azimi, D.M. Ibrahim 43

SYNTHETIZATION OF HA POWDER FOR PERIAPICAL PLUGSD.M. Ibrahim, R.M. Bagdady, S.M. Ibrahim 49

X l l

PROCESSING OF HYDROXYAPATITE BY INJECTION MOULDINGJ.A.M. Denissen, J.P.G.M. van Eijk, R.A. Terpstra 55

SLIP CASTING OF HYDROXYAPATITE CERAMICSR.A. Terpstra, J.C.T. van der Heijde, P. Swaanen, X. Zhang, G. Gubbels 61

HYDROXYAPATITE BIOCERAMICSA. Slosarczyk, E. Stobierska, Z. Paszkiewicz 67

ECTRODEPOSITED HYDROXYAPATITE COATING ON METAL IMPLANTSA. Stoch, A. Brozek 75

EFFECTIVENESS OF HYDROXYAPATITE FOR WATER FILTRATIONJ. Reichert, J.G.P. Binner, R.M. Sambrook, J. Cooper 81

LASER-IRRADIATED HUMAN TOOTH DENTINW.I. Abdel-Fattah, 0. EI-S.Hassanein 87

HYDRAULIC PROPERTIES OF TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE-PHOSPHORIC ACID- WATERMIXTURES

M. Bohner, J . Lemattre, T.A. Ring 95

CORRELATION OF PHYSICO-CHEMISTRY OF GEL-DERIVED SILICA AND ITSAPATITE INDUCTION

P. Li, K. de Groot, T. Kokubo 101

USE OF POLYFACTOR EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN FOR CREATION OF A POROUSSTRUCTURE OF CERAMIC BIOMATERIAL BASED ON AI2Ti0B

D. Spaseska, M. Milosevski, R. Milosevska, G. Ondracek 107

EFFECT OF PSZ ON STRENGTH OF DENTAL PORCELAIND.M. Ibrahim, A. El-Agroudy, H. Katamish, L.S. Ghanem 113

MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF CARBON LIGAMENT/TENDON PROTHESISC. Wajler, S. Blazewicz, E. Staszkow, A. Powroznik 119

STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF CARBON FIBERS IN BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTE. Pamula, C. Paluszkiewicz, M. Blazewicz, J . Chlopek 125

EFFECT OF TECHNIQUES OF FAST NEUTRON IRRADIATION ON THE INFRAREDSPECTRA OF BONE CHINA WHITEWARES

W.I. Abdel-Fattah, W.G. Osiris, A.A. El-Shabini 131

STUDIES ON BIOACTIVE GLASS COMPOSITESV.P. Tiwari, B.S. Tyagi 137

BIOACTIVE GLASS-CERAMICS IN MEDICINEL. Lihua 143

MICROHARDNESS AND FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF BIOACTIVE GLASSES OFTHE SYSTEM CaO-RO-SiO2-P2O5-CaF2 (R= Sr, Ca, Mg)

P.G. Galliano, A.L. Cavalieri, J.M. Porto Ltfpez 149

Mil

INFLUENCE OF INITIAL GLASS POWDER SIZE ON THE FINAL MICROSTRUCTUREAND ON THE VARIATION OF TOUGHNESS WITH POROSITY

F. Osterstock, J.P. Jernot 155

BIO GLASS-CERAMICS IN THE Na2O-CaO-P2O6-SiO2-B2O3 SYSTEMV. Burghelea, C. Popa, M. Dumitrascu, D. Oltean, I. Cuculescu 161

MODIFICATION OF THE CRYSTALLISATION PROCESS ON BIOGLASS BY PROTEINSIN VITRO

J. Mei, R.M. Shelton, M. Aindow, P.M. Marquis 167

CRYSTALLIZATION STUDY OF BIOGLASS IN THE Na20-Ca0-Si0 rP206

J. Caetano Zurita, R.M. Manent, E.B. Stucchi, J.A. Varela, S. Martfnez 173

BIOACTIVE-BIOINERT COMPOSITE BIOCERAMICSM. Dimitrova-LukScs, L. Gillemot 179

III.2 REFRACTORIES

SIGNIFICANCE AND UTILITY OF REFRACTORIES TEST DATAR.E.Moore 185

HIGH-TEMPERATURE CHARACTERIZATION OF REFRACTORY BINDERSS. Karlsson, R. Carlsson 201

PENETRATION OF ALUMINIUM IN TiB2

K. Nord-Varhaug, J.H. Ulvensoen, E. Skybakmoen 207

HIGH-ALUMINA CEMENT/SILICA FUME MATERIALS FOR CAESIUM TRAPPINGH. Fryda, G. Vetter, P. Boch 213

SILICON CARBIDE/SILICON NITRIDE REFRACTORIES. I.-NITRIDATIONA. Nunez, G. Campillo, A. Varela, J. Requena, R. Moreno, J.S. Moya 219

SILICON CARBIDE/SILICON NITRIDE REFRACTORIES.II.-PROPERTIESA. Nunez, G. Campillo, A. Varela, F. GuitiSn 225

ADDITIONS TO IMPROVE THE OXIDATION RESISTANCE OF ALUMINA-BORONNITRIDE COMPOSITES

A. Abr6al, D. Goeuriot, F. Th6venot, M. Lagace, B. Gugroult, M. Rigaud 231

EXPERIMENTAL AND THERMODYNAMIC STUDIES IN THE Si-AI-O-N/C SYSTEMR. Schober, H.-J. Richter, G. Konig, A. Kassebrock 237

ALUMINA-CHROMIA-MAGNESIA REFRACTORIEST.J. Davies, W.A. Al-Douri, H.G. Emblem 243

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENTS ON ROOM TEMPERATURE TENSILE STRENGTHOF MgO-C REFRACTORIES DETERMINED BY THE DIAMETRAL COMPRESSION METHOD

C. Alvarez, E. Criado, C. Baudfn 249

HIGH ALUMINA CERAMICSN. Angelescu 259

XIV

POROUS HIGH ALUMINA REFRACTORY MATERIALS OBTAINED BYHYDROTHERMAL PROCESSING

E. Criado, R. Martinez, J . Schmei/?er, H. Seifert 265

INVESTIGATION OF SINTERING IN A CHAMOTTE REFRACTORYA. Monshi, M. Kalantar Chahouki 271

HYDRATION AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF CA2 IN THE PRESENCE AND IN THEABSENCE OF MICROSILICA

C.M.M. Freitas, R.P. Rettore, P.R.G. Brandao 277

OBTAINING AND MAIN PROPERTIES OF SILICO-ALUMINOUS TYPE CERAMICFIBRE COMPOSITES IN ALUMINOUS MATRIX

L. Cerchez 283

III.3 STRUCTURAL CERAMICS

LAYERED CERAMIC COMPOSITES: A NEW FAMILY OF ADVANCED MATERIALSJ.S. Moya, A.J. Sdnchez-Herencia, R. Moreno, P. Pena, J. Requena 289

TRIBOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF CERAMIC/CERAMIC AND METAL/CERAMIC COUPLESL. Esposito, A. Tucci 301

SHEAR STRENGTH MEASUREMENT OF METAL-CERAMIC JOINTSG.H. Lieftink, E.J. Geluk, P.V.D. Varst, G. de With 307

JOINING OF AI2O3-CERAMICS BY GLASS SOLDERR. Eberhardt, A. Paliege, V. Guyenot 313

THIN CERAMIC INTERLAYERS FOR HIGH STRENGTH AND HIGH TEMPERATURESTABLE SiC-JOINTS

A. Hesse, H-W. Hennicke 321

CHEMISTRY AND INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF METAL/CERAMIC INTERFACESD. Juve, P. Lourdin, B. Serier, B. Mbongo, D. Treheux 331

JOINING OF Si3N4 CERAMICS WITH TRANSITION METAL INTERLAYERSG. Ceccone, S.D. Peteves 337

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF SHAFT-HUB CONNECTIONSAND SREW CONNECTIONS OF CERAMICS AND METAL WITH THE HELP OFADHESIVE AND BRAZE FORM COMPONENTS

G.v. Esebeck, W. Beitz 343

INTERACTION OF ALUMINA CERAMICS WITH COPPER AND COPPER OXIDESF.D. Kaminsky 351

CREEP BEHAVIOUR OF REACTION BONDED CERAMICS AT 1200°C UNDER AIRP. lenny, M. Gutmann, M. Boussuge 357

SUPERPLASTICITY IN MgAI2O4 POLYCRYSTALSF. Beclin, J. Crampon, R. Duclos, P. Lointier, M. Boncoeur, M. Bergez \ 363

XV

HIGH TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF'3AI2O3:2SiO2 MULLITE BASEDMATERIALS

C. Baudfn, P. Miranzo, M.I. Osendi 369

SINTERING AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF MULLITE PREPARED FROM SILICAAND ALUMINA COLLOIDS

F. Orgaz 377

OPTIMIZATION OF SIALON CERAMICS BY HEAT-TREATMENTH. Mandal, D.P. Thompson, T. Ekstrom 385

HAVE THE LIMITS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF /8-Si3N4-MATERIALS ALREADYBEEN REACHED?

W. Hermel, M. Herrmann, Ch. Schubert 391

INFLUENCE OF POST-SINTERING ANNEAL ON Si3N4 MATRIX-GRAIN MORPHOLOGYE. Meaner, H.-J. Kleebe, G. Ziegler 397

IMPROVEMENTS IN THE CREEP RESISTANCE OF HOT-PRESSED SILICON NITRIDE(HPSN)

W. Acchar, A. Rendtel, H. Hubner, C. Schubert 405

ROOM TEMPERATURE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICONNITRIDE WITH DIFFERENT ALPHA/BETA RATIOS

A.R. de Arellano-L6pez, J. Martfnez-Fernandez, M.A. McMann, J.P. Singh 411

STUDY OF THE Si3N4-SiO2-Y2O3 SYSTEM: SINTERING, a-+p TRANSFORMATION ANDMICROSTRUCTURE

S. Ordonez, I. Iturriza, F. Castro, M. Fuentes 417

THE EFFECTS OF MICROSTRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION ON MICROHARDNESS OFCeO2 DOPED Si3N4 MATERIALS

R.F. Silva, J.M. Vieira 4 2 3

DEVITRIFICATION OF GLASSY PHASE IN SILICON NITRIDE CERAMICS ANDRELATED PROPERTIES

G. Bernard-Granger, R. Duclos, J. Crampon, B. Cales 429

CREEP BEHAVIOUR AND MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION OF HOT-PRESSED ALPHASILICON CARBIDE DEFORMED AT HIGH TEMPERATURE

M.L. Duval-Riviere, C. Carry, J. Vicens 435

Si3N4 AND SiC-BASED CERAMICS FOR OPERATING TEMPERATURES ABOVE 1300°CV.V. Vikulin, A.A. Golubev 441

HIGH STRENGTH SILICON NITRIDE-BASED MATERIALSA. Bellosi, L. Esposito, C. Melandri 447

Si3N4-MATERIAL WITH HIGH STRENGTH (1400 MPa)G. Riedel, H. Kruner 4 5 3

PRESSURELESS-SINTERED SiC-MATERIALS USING POLYMERS FOR NEWTECHNICAL APPLICATION

A.M. Hurtado * 4 5 9

XVI

MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF PRESSURELESS SINTERED SiC AT HIGHTEMPERATURE

C. Wolf, H. Hubner, J . Adler 465

SOME FACTORS INFLUENCING PROPERTIES OF SiC SPONGY MATERIALSJ. Czechowski, A. Sobolewska, B. Studencka 471

PROCESSING OF LIQUID PHASE SINTERED SiC-MECHANICAL AND WEARPROPERTIES

L. Hahlman, K. Rundgren, E. Lid6n, B. Nyberg, E. Carlstrom 477

SINTERING, MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OFTZP CERAMICSIN THE ZrO2-CeO2-TiO2 SYSTEM

F. Capel, C. Moure, P. DurSn 483

GRAIN BOUNDARY RELEVANT MICROMECHANICAL INVESTIGATIONS ANDMICROSTRUCTURAL OBSERVATIONS IN ZrO2 CERAMICS

A. Krell 489

TOUGHNESS IN Y-PSZ CERAMICS AT HIGH TEMPERATUREJ.Y. Pastor, J . Planas, M. Elices 495

SINTER FORGING OF ZIRCONIA TOUGHENESS ALUMINAY.J. He, A.J.A. Winnubst, H. Verweij, A.J. Burggraaf 501

AGEING STUDIES OF NOVEL Y-TZPsS. Lawson, C. Gill, J.S. Smith 507

CERAMIC CUTTING TOOLS FOR MEDICINE: TRANSFORMATIONS ON THE SURFACEOF STEAM TREATED TSZ-CERAMICS

A. Krajewski, A..Ravaglioli, F. Meschke, C.B. Azzoni, E. Crosignani, F. Scardina,A.Paleari 513

DEPENDENCE OF THE PHASE CONTENT AND ORIENTATION ON THE HIGHTEMPERATURE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF YTTRIA PARTIALLY STABILIZEDSINGLE CRYSTALS

J. Martfnez Fernandez, M. Jim6nez Melendo, A. Domfnguez Rodrfguez 519

GRAIN SIZE EFFECT ON CREEP BEHAVIOR OF 3Y-TZPJ. Ye, A. Domfnguez-Rodrfguez, R.E. Medrano, O.A. Ruano 525

STABLE GROWTH OF INDENTATION CRACKS IN YTTRIA STABILIZED ZIRCONIAA. Pajares, F. Guiberteau, A. Domfnguez-Rodrfguez, G. Dransmann,Y. Stockmann, R.W. Steinbrech 531

FAST TEMPERATURE CHANGES DURING HIGH TEMPERATURE CREEP OFSTABILIZED ZrO2

M. Jimgnez-Melendo, A. Domfnguez-Rodrfguez, J . Castaing 537

THE CHARACTERIZATION OF COMMERCIAL ALUMINA CERAMIC PIECESZ. Misirli, A. Uguz, T. Baykara 543

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF COLLOIDALLY PROCESSED ALUMINA WITHCr2O3 AND MnO2 ADDITIVES

H. Erkalfa, Z. Misirli, T. Baykara, F. Dogan, I.A. Aksay 549

XVII

CREEP MECHANISMS IN ALUMINA CONTAINING A GLASSY GRAIN-BOUNDARYPHASE

C. Wolf, H. Hubner 555

III.4 COMPOSITES

DENSE AND POROUS NANOSTRUCTURE CERAMICS AND COMPOSITESA.J. Burggraaf, A.J.A. Winnubst, H. Verweij 561

THREE PHASE CERAMICS COMPOSITES: AI203-AIN-SiCF. TheVenot, E. Espgrance, D. Goeuriot 577

NANO COMPOSITE CERAMICS: AI2O3/SiC AND Si3N4/SiCA. Kerber, R. Wagner 595

DENSIFICATION, MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF SiCN-NANOCOMPOSITESM. Herrmann, T. Millers, A. Rendtel, T. Reich, G. Boden, Chr. Schubert 603

NANOSTRUCTURED COMPOSITE MATERIALS IN THE Si-B-N SYSTEMR. Schmidt, D. Sporn, U. Schubert 609

DEFORMATION OF AN ALUMINA-ZIRCONIA-SILICON CARBIDE-WHISKERREINFORCED COMPOSITE

J.M. Calder6n-Moreno, A.R. de Arellano-L6pez, A. Domfnguez-Rodrfguez,J.L. Routbort, L. Leasky 617

ZIRCONIA MATRIX COMPOSITES FOR TRIBOLOGICAL APPLICATIONSX. Miao, W.E. Lee, W.M. Rainforth 623

ZIRCONIA-BASED COMPOSITESK. Haberko, Z. Pedzich, J. Piekarczyk, M. Haberko, M.M. Bucko, W.Suchanek 629

PHASE COMPOSITION OF Ce-TZP/AI2O3 COMPOSITE CERAMICSM. Dimitrova-LukScs, I. Sajo, P. Lukacs 635

DIFFUSIONAL CREEP OF ALUMINA-ZIRCONIA COMPOSITES: MECHANICALBEHAVIOUR AND MICROSTRUCTURE

R. Baddi, L. Clarisse, R. Duclos, J. Crampon 641

STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL CHANGES OF ZIRCONIA AND ZIRCONIACOMPOSITES AFTER AGING

Y. Kitano, H. Iwanaga, M. Oishi, Y. Matusda, T. Masaki 647

ENHANCEMENT OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES PERFORMANCE IN YSZ-SOLIDELECTROLYTES BY USING FINE-DISPERSED ALUMINA PARTICLES

L.M. Navarro, P. Recio, J.R. Jurado, P. DurSn 653

SUPERPLASTIC DEFORMATION OF ALUMINA PLATELETS REINFORCED Y-TZPM. Poorteman, P. Descamps, F. Cambier 659

MICROSTRUCTURE OF LAYERED ZIRCONIA/ALUMINA COMPOSITESH.K. Schmid, O. Sbaizero, S. Meriani 665

XVIII

CREEP OF PLATELET-REINFORCED OXIDE CERAMICSC.v. Minden, H. Hubner 671

PROCESSING OF AI2O3 MATRIX TiB2 PLATELET COMPOSITESW-Y. Li, O. Toft Sorensen 677

PRESSURELESS SINTERING OF AI2O3/SiCw COMPOSITESG. Urretavizcaya, A.L. Cavalieri, J.M. Porto Lopez 683

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ALUMINA-METAL-ZIRCONIA COMPOSITESCh. Laurent, P. Bonnefond, D. Oquab, A. Rousset 689

ZIRCONIA-TOUGHENED ALUMINA (ZTA) MATERIALS WITH ORIENTED PROPERTIESM.M. Bucko, K. Haberko, J . Piekarczyk, M. Faryna 695

PROCESSING OF THE ALUMINA-ZIRCONIA COMPOSITE AND ITS MECHANICALPROPERTIES

V. Srdic, L. Radonjic 701

PREPARATION OF ALUMINA/NICKEL COMPOSITES BY A GAS REDUCTION PROCESSW.H. Tuan, M.C. Lin 707

ECHANCING THE MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF ALUMINA THROUGH THEADDITION OF METALLIC AND CERAMIC INCLUSIONS

W.H. Tuan, W.R. Chen 713

IN-SITU REINFORCED REACTION BONDED ALUMINUM OXIDE (RBAO)D.E. Garcfa, R. Janssen, N. Claussen 719

TOWARDS AN IN-SITU ALUMINA LAMINATED.G. Brandon, O. Glozman, L. Baum, R. Grylls 725

IMPROVEMENT OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ZIRCONIA TOUGHENEDALUMINA IN PRESENCE OF SrAl12O19

S.M. Maity, S. Chatterjee, M.K. Basu, B.K. Sarkar 731

PREPARATION OF WEAR-RESISTANT ALUMINA/MULLITE BY SILICA ADDITIONS. Kinikoglu, Z. Misirli, S. Onurlu, T. Baykara, S. Ayar 737

PREPARATION AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF LAMINATEDALUMINA/MULLITE-GLASS COMPOSITES

H. Katsuki, H. Ichinose, H. Tkagi 743

THE COMPOSITE MATERIALS OF OXIDE-CARBIDE TYPEE. Andronescu, N. Toma 749

CREEP OF 1D AND 2D SiC,-MLAS COMPOSITESD. Kervadec, H. Maupas, F. Doreau, J-L. Chermant 755

COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE IN TWO TYPES OF SiC/C/SiCCOMPOSITE MATERIALS UNDER UNIAXIAL TENSILE LOADING

T. Despierres, M. Drissi-Habti, M. Gomina 761

EFFECT OF TiN AND SiC ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ZTA CERAMICSZ.S. Rak, P.J. van Tilborg 767

XIX

PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF HIPed O'SIALON/SILICON NITRIDE COMPOSITESD. Ashkin, D.E. Niesz 773

MECHANICAL AND ULTRASONIC CHARACTERIZATION OF DAMAGE OF A 2DWOVEN C/SiC COMPOSITE

G. Camus, R. El Bouzzaoui, S. Baste, F. Abbe 779

PREPARATION OF SiC-ZrC COMPOSITES BY LIQUID PHASE SINTERINGL. Risso, S.J. Stedman 785

MULLITE-TITANIUM NITRIDE CERAMIC COMPOSITES FOR ELECTRICALDISCHARGE MACHINING APPLICATIONS

R.D.B. Norfolk, M.H.L. Wise, C.B. Ponton 791

SINTERING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF B4C/TiB2

T. Graziani, A. Bellosi, D. Dalle Fabbriche 797

PROTECTION AGAINST OXIDATION OF C/SiC COMPOSITES WITH AMULTILAYER CVD COATING (SiCfriB2/Si3N4)

C. Courtois, J. Desmaison, H. Tawil 803

SUPERPLASTICITY IN Y2O3/AI203/SILICON NITRIDE OBTAINED BYHOT ISOSTATIQUE PRESSING

P. Burger, F. Peni, J. Crampon, R. Duclos, B. Cales, M. Parlier 809

CHARACTERISTICS OF HOT-PRESSED TiC-C COMPOSITEST. Ono, K. Fukuda, H. Endo, M. Ueki 815

NITRIDATION OF SiC-TiC COMPOSITES BY HOT ISOSTATIC PRESSINGJ. Dongliang, S. Jihong, T. Shouhong, G. Jingkun, P. Greil 821

FRONTAL PROCESS ZONE EFFECT ON THE R-CURVE BEHAVIOR OFA 2D-SiC/C/SiC COMPOSITE MATERIAL

M.H. Rouillon, M. Drissi-Habti, T. Despierres, M. Gomina 827

III.5 PREDICTION AND COMPONENTS, DESIGN, RELIABILITY AND NON DESTRUCTIVE TESTING

LIFE TIME PREDICTION: IMPORTANCE OF THE TESTING METHODF. Sudreau, C. Olagnon, G. Fantozzi 833

ULTRASONIC CHARACTERISATION OF TWO CERAMIC/CERAMIC COMPOSITESP. Lemaitre, F. Lakestani, M. Steen 839

THE EFFECT OF GRAIN SIZE ON THE CYCLIC CRACK GROWTH RATE IN ALUMINAM. Li, F. Guiu 8 4 7

A NOVEL METHOD TO DETERMINE THE FRACTURE TOUGHNESS OF CERAMICSBY THE CONTROLLED PROPAGATION OF INDENTATION CRACKS

R. Kurth, G. Kleist, R.W. Steinbrech 853

YOUNG'S MODULUS OF CERAMICS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE (2nd. REPORT)T. Yoshioka, I. Takahashi 8 5 9

XX

SUBCRITICAL CRACK GROWTH IN CERAMICS WITH R-CURVE BEHAVIOURM. Boniecki 865

CHARACTERISATION OF CRACK PROPAGATION IN Y-TZPJ. Chevalier, C. Olagnon, G. Fantozzi, B. Cales, J.M. Drouin 871

TENSILE AND COMPRESSIVE PLASTIC DEFORMATION AT HIGHTEMPERATURES OF 4.0 m/o Y2O3-STABILIZED ZrO2 POLYCRYSTALS

A. Bravo-Leon, M. Jimfinez-Melendo, A. Domfnguez-Rodrfguez, A.H. Chokshi . 877

TESTING METHOD FOR THERMAL SHOCK FRACTURE OF CERAMICSH. Awaji, M. Ogawa, S. Sato 883

NONDESTRUCTIVE CONTROL OF GREEN AND SINTERED COMPACTS OF SILICONCARBIDE

J. Piekarczyk, L. Sotbierski, J. Lis, R. Pampuch, K. Haberko 889

ON THE POROSITY DEPENDENCE OF THE FRACTURE STRENGTH OF CERAMICSA.R. Boccaccini, G. Ondracek 895

THE BEHAVIOUR OF INDENTATION CRACKS UNDER MONOTONIC LOADS IN 3Y-TZPJ. Alcala, M. Anglada 901

FRACYURE TOUGHNESS USING A BIAXIAL INDENTATION STRENGTH METHODJ.J. Fernandes, L. Guerra Rosa, R. Morrel 907

INDENTATION FRACTURE TOUGHNESS AND ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF BORONDOPED SILICON CARBIDE

J. Bialoskorski, J. Piekarczyk 913

DYNAMIC STRENGTH OF EVALUATION OF CERAMIC ROTATING DISKSCONTAINING SMALL FLAWS

I. Takahashi, T. Yoshioka 919

INTERNAL THERMAL STRESSES IN ANISOTROPIC POLYCRYSTALLINE CERAMICSM. Boniecki, T. Niezgoda 925

THERMAL SPALLING WEAR OF SILICON NITRIDE AND SILICON CARBIDEMATERIALS

L. Kahlman, S. Karlsson, R. Carlsson 931

ABRASIVE WEAR AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF CERAMICSJ.R. Alcock, O.T. Sorensen 937

COMPARISON OF WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF SILICON NITRIDE AND CASTIRON IN LUBRICATED CONDITIONS

C. Melandri, V. Biasini, S. Guicciardi, G. de Portu, G. Palombarini 943

WET EROSIVE WEAR OF CERAMICSM. Miranda Martinez, R.W. Davidge, F.L. Riley 949

DEGRADATION OF A SiC-REINFORCED ALUMINA IN H2 AT 1300-1500°CW. Deqing, H.F. Lopez 955

XXI

OXIDATION BEHAVIOUR OF CM-SiC FILTERSP. Ahladas, F.J. Dias, A. Naoumidis, H. Nickel 961

OXIDATION BEHAVIOUR OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF SiC-MATERIALSP. Manns, A. Baranyai, G. Kleer, G. Andrees 967

CONTRASTING MECHANISMS OF OXIDATION OF A SILICON NITRIDE INTHE TEMPERATURE RANGE 1200-1300°C

F.A. Costa Oliveira, R.J. Fordham, J.H.W. de Wit 973

ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND ON THE NATURE OF THE OXIDIZED LAYERIN THE Si3N4-BASED MATERIALS

F. Peni, J. Crampon, R. Duclos 979

AQUEOUS CORROSION OF CERAMICSK.A. Nielsen, H.G. Krarup, J.E. Engell, G. Pritzl 985

CORROSION OF AIN, Si3N4 AND SiC CERAMICS BY ALKALI METAL MELTST. Reetz, N. Scheibe 991

EFFECT OF THERMAL SHOCK AND RELATED TRANSIENT STRESSES ON THESTABLE AND UNSTABLE EXTENSION OF VICKERS INDENTATION CRACKSIN BRITTLE SOLIDS

F. Osterstock, D. Caplan, C. Prouteau 997

THERMAL SHOCK BEHAVIOUR OF ALUMINIUM TITANATE BASED MATERIALSH. Wohlfromm, J.S. Moya, P. Pena 1003

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF AI2Ti06 CERAMICSS. Jambazov, D. Lepkova 1013

THE EFFECT OF SILICA AND CALCIA ON THE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OFALUMINUM NITRIDE

P. Sainz de Baranda, A.K. Knudsen, E. Ruh 1019

ALUMINIUM NITRIDE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF TAPE CASTING SUBSTRATESJ. Mullot, K. Winter, J.P. Lecompte, G. Muller, J . Jarrige 1027

EFFECT OF HEXAGONAL BORON NITRIDE ON ALUMINIUM NITRIDE SUBSTRATESTHERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

O. Seek, K. Winter, J. Mexmain, J. Jarrige, J.P. Lecompte, G. Muller 1033

NEWS IN XRF ANALYSIS OF CERAMIC AND GLASSS. Uhlig, L. Muller 1037

QUANTITATIVE X-RAY DIFRACTION ANALYSIS OF CRYSTALLINE PHASESIN GLASS-CERAMICS

M. Sales, J . Alarcdn 1043

DETERMINATION OF MAJOR AND MINOR ELEMENTS IN CERAMIC RAWMATERIALS BY ICP-AES WITH DIRECT INTRODUCTION OF SLURRIES

J.C. Farinas, F.J. Valle 1049

AN ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUE TO DESIGN AND CONTROL CERAMIC MATERIALSM.F. Barba, P. Ortega, M.R. Martfnez, J.C. Farinas -1055

XXII

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ICP AND XRF FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF CLAYSJ.C. Farinas, F.J. Valle 1061

CONTROL OF RHEOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF CERAMIC MATERIALS FORSLURRY-ICP SOLID ANALYSIS

J.C. Farinas, R. Moreno 1067

LUMINISCENCE OF YSZ CRYSTALSS.W. Paje, J. Llopis 1073

FEM IN THE CERAMICS INDUSTRYK. Schulz 1079

VIABILITY STUDY OF USING CLINKER PORTLAND A RAW MATERIAL INSTRUCTURAL CERAMICS MANUFACTURING

J.M. Torralba, L.E.G. Cambronero, J.M. Ruiz-Prieto 1085

STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MATERIALS FROM FGD GYPSUMM.Gawlicki, W.Nocun-Wczelik 1091

STUDY OF ADDITIVES IN THE CONCRETE STRUCTURES CORROSIONG. Pacheco M., P. Rodriguez L. 1097

CORDIERITE HONEYCOMB CERAMIC FOR EXHAUST PURIFIER APPLICATIONB. ZhiQin, L. YieYao 1103

LOW VOLTAGE HEATABLE HIGHLY POROUS CERAMIC FILTERSF.J. Dias, F.J. Koch, M. Kampel, H. Nickel 1107

FATIGUE STRENGTH OF OPTICAL FIBER (ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT OFOPTICAL FIBER)

M. Kanno, Y. Kashiwagi, H. Okabe 1113

MASTER FATIGUE CURVE FOR OPTICAL FIBERSR.E. Medrano 1119

III.6 VARIOUS

TRIBOLOGICAL AND EROSION CHARACTERISTICS OF SILICON CARBIDEAND BORON CARBIDE STURCTURAL CERAMICS

K.A. Schwetz, H.Knoch 1125

INCREASING THE PRESSING BEHAVIOUR OF SEYDISEHIR ALUMINABY SPRAY-DRYING

A.G. GDI, B. Tarik 1145

INTERACTIONS OXIDE-OXIDIC MELTSG. Toma, N. Toma, R. Neagu 1151

THE ELECTROLYTE OF THE SOFC AS THICK FILMK. Eichler, W. Schaffrath, P. Otschik 1157

IN-VITRO-DEBRADATION OF TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE AND HYDROXYLAPATITEIN HUMAN POOL SERA

W.I. Abdel-Fattah, A. El-Sayed, F.M. Ali, H.H. El-Beheri 1163

XXIII

LOW TEMPERATURE SYNTHESIS OF PURE AND Ti.CO MODIFIED BARIUMHEXAFERRITE

M.L. Gregori, J.F. Fernandez, P. DurSn, C. Moure 1173

DEFECT STUDY OF PLASTICALLY DEFORMED YBa2cU3O7-d CERAMICSJ. Rabier. P.D. Tall, M.F. Denanot, J. Woigard 1179

FORMATION OF THE REACTION-BONDED SILICON CARBIDE MICROSTRUCTUREA.P. Garshin, G.S. Oleinik 1185

MONSTOICHIOMETRY AND MECHANISM OF BORON NITRIDE OXIDATIONA.P. Garshin, V.E. Shvaiko-Shavaikosvki 1191

SOME TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF REACTION-BONDED SILICON CARBIDEA.P. Garshin 1197

OXIDATION OF 8-BN AND Si3N4 - CERAMICSA.P: Garshin, V.E. Shvaiko-Shvaikosvki, M. Haviar, V.V. Borisov 1203

EFFECTS OF SINTERING ON PROPERTIES OF TITANIUM-CARBIDE DISPERSED ALUMINACERAMICS AND ON-LINE MONITORING OF THE SINTERING ENVIRONMENT

D. Sukhendu, S. Chatterjee, M.K. Basu, B.K. Sarkar 1209

INTERACTION BETWEEN SOLUBLE SALTS AND CERAMIC WALL AND FLOOR TILESJ. Marco, C. Donate, E. Sanchez, J. Marti 1215

Index of Contributors 1

Index of Formulae 15

Subject Index 1?