2
What is sickle cell trait? Sickle cell trait is an inherited blood condition. It is not a disease. It occurs when a person has one gene for normal hemoglobin and one for sickle hemoglobin. (Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells and carries oxygen to your body.) Genes control the physical makeup of a person, such as height and eye color. Every person has two genes for hemoglobin. One gene is inherited from the mother and one from the father. To have sickle cell trait means a person carries one gene for sickle cell hemoglobin. This gene can be passed along to his or her children. Most people with sickle cell trait lead completely normal lives. But they may have severe problems with very extreme physical activity. It is important that your doctor knows if you or your child have sickle cell trait. What can happen if you have sickle cell trait? Sickle cell trait is passed from mothers and fathers to their children. When one parent has sickle cell trait and the other parent has sickle cell trait or another hemoglobin trait (such as hemoglobin C or beta-thalassemia), there is a one-in-four chance that their baby will be born with significant sickle cell disease. There is a one-in-two chance that their baby will be born with a trait and a one-in-four chance that their baby will not have sickle cell disease or a trait. People with sickle cell trait usually show no outward signs of it. It is not contagious. It rarely, if ever, affects health. People with the trait will not get sickle cell disease. What is sickle cell disease? Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disease that is very serious. A person with this disease has an abnormal hemoglobin in the red blood cells. Changes in the red blood cells cause them to be shaped like a “sickle.” These blood cells are weak and sometimes get very stiff. They can get trapped in the blood vessels and harm blood flow. This can sometimes cause intense pain anywhere in the body. It can also damage body tissues and organs over time. Some serious problems can cause death. Who can have sickle cell trait? People of different ethnic backgrounds or origins can have sickle cell trait. These include Hispanics, Texas Department of State Health Services Newborn Screening Program MC 1918 P.O. Box 149347 Austin, Texas 78714-9347 1-800-252-8023 ext. 2129 www.dshs.state.tx.us/newborn 8/2007 Greeks, Italians, East Indians, Saudi Arabians, Asians, Syrians, Turks, Cypriots, Sicilians, Caucasians, and others. African Americans have the highest rate of sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait in the U.S. About one in every 400 African- American babies is born with the disease, and about one in every 12 is born with sickle cell trait. All newborns in Texas are tested for sickle cell disease and trait. hoW can you find out if you have sickle cell trait? It is very important to know if you or your spouse or partner have the sickle cell trait before you have a baby. People with sickle cell trait will never get the disease. But they carry a gene that could affect their children. If both partners carry a trait for an abnormal hemoglobin, even if it is not the same one, they may have a baby with a serious blood disease. If you do not know if you have the trait or not, you should get tested. It’s a simple blood test. If you were born in Texas after November 1, 1983, you may get your newborn test result by contacting your birth doctor or your birth hospital. Where to get more information • Your family doctor • Sickle Cell Associations in Texas Call the Texas Department of State Health Services Newborn Screening Program free of charge at 1-800-252-8023. Or visit our website at www.dshs.state.tx.us/newborn. sickle cell trait things to know about sickle cell trait #1-66

Things to Know About Sickle Cell Trait (English / Spanish) › newborn › pdf › SickleCellTrait... · the highest rate of sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait in the U.S

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    2

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Things to Know About Sickle Cell Trait (English / Spanish) › newborn › pdf › SickleCellTrait... · the highest rate of sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait in the U.S

What is sickle cell trait?

Sickle cell trait is an inherited blood condition. It is not a disease. It occurs when a person has one gene for normal hemoglobin and one for sickle hemoglobin. (Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells and carries oxygen to your body.) Genes control the physical makeup of a person, such as height and eye color. Every person has two genes for hemoglobin. One gene is inherited from the mother and one from the father. To have sickle cell trait means a person carries one gene for sickle cell hemoglobin. This gene can be passed along to his or her children.

Most people with sickle cell trait lead completely normal lives. But they may have severe problems with very extreme physical activity. It is important that your doctor knows if you or your child have sickle cell trait.

What can happen if you have sickle cell trait?

Sickle cell trait is passed from mothers and fathers to their children. When one parent has sickle cell trait and the other parent has sickle cell trait or another hemoglobin trait (such as hemoglobin C or beta-thalassemia), there is a one-in-four chance that their baby will be born with significant sickle cell disease. There is a one-in-two chance that their baby will be born with a trait and a one-in-four chance that their baby will not have sickle cell disease or a trait.

People with sickle cell trait usually show no outward signs of it. It is not contagious. It rarely, if ever, affects health. People with the trait will not get sickle cell disease.

What is sickle cell disease?

Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disease that is very serious. A person with this disease has an abnormal hemoglobin in the red blood cells. Changes in the red blood cells cause them to be shaped like a “sickle.” These blood cells are weak and sometimes get very stiff. They can get trapped in the blood vessels and harm blood flow. This can sometimes cause intense pain anywhere in the body. It can also damage body tissues and organs over time. Some serious problems can cause death.

Who can have sickle cell trait?

People of different ethnic backgrounds or origins can have sickle cell trait. These include Hispanics,

Texas Department of State Health Services Newborn Screening Program

MC 1918 P.O. Box 149347

Austin, Texas 78714-93471-800-252-8023 ext. 2129

www.dshs.state.tx.us/newborn

8/2007

Greeks, Italians, East Indians, Saudi Arabians, Asians, Syrians, Turks, Cypriots, Sicilians, Caucasians, and others. African Americans have the highest rate of sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait in the U.S. About one in every 400 African-American babies is born with the disease, and about one in every 12 is born with sickle cell trait.

All newborns in Texas are tested for sickle cell disease and trait.

hoW can you find out if you have sickle cell trait?

It is very important to know if you or your spouse or partner have the sickle cell trait before you have a baby.

People with sickle cell trait will never get the disease. But they carry a gene that could affect their children. If both partners carry a trait for an abnormal hemoglobin, even if it is not the same one, they may have a baby with a serious blood disease.

If you do not know if you have the trait or not, you should get tested. It’s a simple blood test.

If you were born in Texas after November 1, 1983, you may get your newborn test result by contacting your birth doctor or your birth hospital.

Where to get more information

• Your family doctor• Sickle Cell Associations in Texas

Call the Texas Department of State Health Services Newborn Screening Program free of charge at 1-800-252-8023. Or visit our website at www.dshs.state.tx.us/newborn.

sickle cell traitthings to know about sickle cell trait

#1-66

Page 2: Things to Know About Sickle Cell Trait (English / Spanish) › newborn › pdf › SickleCellTrait... · the highest rate of sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait in the U.S

¿Qué es el rasgo falciforme?El rasgo falciforme es una condición hereditaria de la sangre. No es una enfermedad. Ocurre cuando la persona tiene un gen de hemoglobina normal y otro de hemoglobina falciforme. (La hemoglobina es una proteína en los glóbulos rojos que lleva el oxígeno al cuerpo). Los genes controlan la estructura física de la persona, como la estatura y el color de los ojos. Todas las personas tienen dos genes de hemoglobina. Un gen se hereda de la madre y otro del padre. Tener el rasgo falciforme significa que la persona es portadora de un gen de hemoglobina falciforme, y que puede transmitir dicho gen a sus hijos.

La mayoría de las personas con rasgo falciforme llevan una vida completamente normal. Sin embargo, podrían tener graves problemas si hacen actividades físicas muy extremas. Es importante que su doctor sepa si usted o sus hijos tienen el rasgo falciforme.

¿Qué podría ocurrir si tiene el rasgo falciforme? El rasgo falciforme lo transmite la madre o el padre a sus hijos. Cuando uno de los padres tiene el rasgo falciforme y el otro tiene el rasgo falciforme u otro rasgo de hemoglobina (como la hemoglobina C o la talasemia beta), hay uno en cuatro probabilidades de que su bebé nazca con enfermedad falciforme importante. Hay uno en dos probabilidades de que su bebé nazca con un rasgo y uno en cuatro probabilidades de que su bebé no tenga ni la enfermedad ni el rasgo falciforme.

Las personas con el rasgo falciforme generalmente no muestran ningún signo externo de tenerlo. Este rasgo no es contagioso y rara vez afecta la salud. Las personas con el rasgo no adquieren la enfermedad falciforme.

¿Qué es la enfermedad falciforme?La enfermedad falciforme es una grave enfermedad hereditaria de la sangre. Las personas con esta enfermedad tienen hemoglobina anormal en los glóbulos rojos. Los cambios en los glóbulos rojos causan que éstos tengan forma de hoz. Esos glóbulos son débiles y a veces se endurecen mucho. Pueden quedar atrapados en los vasos sanguíneos y dañar el flujo de la sangre. A veces eso puede causar dolor intenso en cualquier parte del cuerpo. Esto también puede dañar los tejidos y órganos del cuerpo con el tiempo. Algunos problemas graves pueden causar la muerte.

¿Quién puede tener el rasgo falciforme?Las personas de distintos orígenes étnicos pueden tener el rasgo falciforme. Entre ellas están los hispanos, griegos, italianos, indios del este, sauditas, asiáticos, sirios, turcos, chipriotas, sicilianos, caucásicos y otros. Los afroamericanos tienen la

Departamento Estatal de Servicios de Salud de Texas Programa de Exámenes de Detección para Recién Nacidos

MC 1918 P.O. Box 149347

Austin, Texas 78714-93471-800-252-8023 extensión 2129www.dshs.state.tx.us/newborn

8/2007

mayor incidencia de enfermedad falciforme y rasgo falciforme en los Estados Unidos. Alrededor de uno de cada 400 bebés afroamericanos nace con la enfermedad, y alrededor de uno de cada doce nace con el rasgo falciforme.

A todos los recién nacidos en Texas se les hace la prueba de detección de la enfermedad y el rasgo falciforme.

¿cómo puede saber si tiene el rasgo falciforme? Es muy importante saber si usted o su pareja tiene el rasgo falciforme antes de que tengan bebés.

Las personas con el rasgo falciforme nunca adquieren la enfermedad, pero son portadoras de un gen que podría afectar a sus hijos. Si tanto el padre como la madre son portadores de un rasgo de hemoglobina anormal, aunque no sea el mismo, su bebé podría nacer con una enfermedad grave de la sangre.

Si no sabe si usted tiene el rasgo, debe hacerse la prueba de detección. Es un sencillo análisis de sangre.

Si nació en Texas después del 1 de noviembre de 1983, puede obtener el resultado correcto del examen de detección para recién nacidos comunicándose con el doctor que atendió su parto o el hospital donde nació.

dónde obtener ayuda

• Su médico familiar • Asociaciones de enfermedad falciforme en Texas

Llame gratis al Programa de Exámenes de Detección para Recién Nacidos del Departamento Estatal de Servicios de Salud de Texas al 1-800-252-8023. O visite nuestro sitio Web en www.dshs.state.tx.us/newborn.

el rasgo falciformelo que debe saber sobre el rasgo falciforme