Thesis on driving cycle

8/12/2019 Thesis on driving cycle

1/51

AN ANALYSIS ONDRIVING CYCLEDATAFORVEHICULAR

EMISSION ESTIMATION FORDHAKA CITY

Submitted by

Akhter i!

Stude"t "umber#$%&$&'%

U"der the (u)er*i(i+" +,

Dr- N++r A./uddu(A((i(t!"t )r+,e((+r

De)!rtme"t +, Me0h!"i0!. E"1i"eeri"12!"1.!de(hU"i*er(ity +, E"1i"eeri"1 !"d Te0h"+.+1y

2ANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGYDHAKA3&$$$4 2ANGLADESH

5ANUARY '$&6



Submitted by

Akhter i!






5ANUARY '$&6


2/51



Submitted by

Akhter i!






5ANUARY '$&6

AN ANALYSIS OF DRIVING CYCLE DATA FOR VEHICULAR EMISSION

ESTIMATION FOR DHAKA CITY

A the(i( (ubmitted t+ the De)!rtme"t+, Me0h!"i0!. E"1i"eeri"14 2!"1.!de(h U"i*er(ity +, E"1i"eeri"1

!"d Te0h"+.+1y i" )!rti!. ,u.,i..me"t +, the re7uireme"t( ,+r the de1ree +, 2!0he.+r +, S0ie"0e i"

Me0h!"i0!. E"1i"eeri"1-

Su)er*i(+r#

Dr-N++r A. /uddu(

A((i(t!"t 8r+,e((+r

De)!rtme"t +, Me0h!"i0!. E"1i"eeri"1

2!"1.!de(h U"i*er(ity +, E"1i"eeri"1 !"d Te0h"+.+1y

8re)!red by

Akhter i!9$%&$&'%:

2ANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY4DHAKA;&$$$4 2ANGLADESH

5ANUARY '$&6


3/51

DECLARATION

It i( herebyde0.!red th!t thi( +r !"y )!rt +, it h!( "+t bee" (ubmitted e.(e!"y de1ree +r di).+m!-

Akhter i!

Stude"t Number# $%&$&'%


4/51

A0k"+


5/51


6/51

TA2LE OF CONTENT

&-$INTRODUCTION&

&-&2!0k1r+u"d&

&-'Dri*i"1 Cy0.e&&-6Ob>e0ti*e(@

'-$ METHODOLOGY

'-& De,i"i"1 the ,+ur (t!"d!rd dri*i"1 m+de(B

'-' Se.e0ti+" +,*ehi0.e(

'-6 R+ute (e.e0ti+"

'[email protected]"1 d!t! 0+..e0ti+" time !"d dur!ti+"&

6-$ ANALYSIS&B

6-& S)eed3time )r+,i.e&B

6-' A00e.er!ti+"3time )r+,i.e&

6-6 St!"d!rd dri*i"1 m+de( di(tributi+"'&

6-@ S)eed di(tributi+" +, *ehi0.e( i" Dh!k! 0ity''6- E,,e0t +, )re(e"0e +, ri0k(h!


7/51


8/51

Li(t +, ,i1ure(

De(0ri)ti+" +, ,i1ure(8!1e N+-

Fi1ure#G!rmi"# etre=3Le1e"d H

M!) 8+.!(hi35+"(+" R+!d 9"e!r (!d!r1h!t:3Di.ku(h! R+!d&$

M!) '# Di.ku(h! R+!d3M!.ib!1&&

M!) 6# M!.ib!1;2!dd!&'

M!) @# 2!dd!;Utt!r!;2!"!"i&'

M!) # 2!"!"i;G+*er"me"t S0ie"0e C+..e1e 9E.e"b!ri:&6

M!) B# E.e"b!ri;8+.!(hi&@

Fi1ure ()eed3time )r+,i.e +, Dh!k! City 9by ! 0!r:&B

Fi1ure '# ()eed3time )r+,i.e +, Dh!k! City 9by ! mi0r+ bu(:&%

Fi1ure 6# A00e.er!ti+"3time )r+,i.e +, Dh!k!City 9by ! 0!r:&

Fi1ure @# A00e.er!ti+"3time )r+,i.e +, Dh!k! City 9by ! mi0r+ bu(:'$

Fi1ure # 8er0e"t!1e +, time ()e"t i" di,,ere"t dri*i"1 m+de( 9,+r the 0!r:'&

Fi1ure B# 8er0e"t!1e +, time ()e"t i" di,,ere"t dri*i"1 m+de( 9,+r the mi0r+ bu(:'&

Fi1ure %# S)eed di(tributi+" +, the 0!r''

Fi1ure # S)eed di(tributi+" +, the mi0r+ bu(''

Fi1ure # E,,e0t +, )re(e"0e +, ri0k(h!< 9,+r 0!r:'

Fi1ure &$# E,,e0t +, )re(e"0e +, ri0k(h!< 9,+r mi0r+ bu(:'B

Fi1ure & 8er0e"t!1e +, time ()e"t i"di,,ere"t dri*i"1 m+de 9,+r 0+mbi"ed (tudy:'%

Fi1ure &'# S)eed di(tributi+" +, 0+mbi"ed (tudy'

Fi1ure &6# E,,e0t +, )re(e"0e +, ri0k(h!< 9,+r 0+mbi"ed (tudy:'

Fi1ure &@#FFT !"!.y(i( +, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9$;'$@ (e0+"d(:6&

Fi1ure FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9'$@3@$B (e0+"d(:6&

Fi1ure &B# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9@$%3B&@@ (e0+"d(:6&

Fi1ure &%# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9B&@3&' (e0+"d(:6&

Fi1ure FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&6;&$'@$ (e0+"d(:6&

Fi1ure FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&$'@&3&'' (e0+"d(:6&

Fi1ure '$# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&''3&@66B (e0+"d(:6'

Fi1ure ' FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&@66%3&B6@ (e0+"d(:6'Fi1ure ''# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+rd!t! r!"1e# 9&B63&%@$ (e0+"d(:6'

Fi1ure '6# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&%@$3&%'$ (e0+"d(:6'

Fi1ure '@# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9$;'$@ (e0+"d(:6@

Fi1ure '# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9'$@3@$B (e0+"d(:6@

Fi1ure 'B# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9@$%3B&@@ (e0+"d(:6@


9/51

Fi1ure '%# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9@$%3B&@@ (e0+"d(:6@

Fi1ure '# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9B&@3&' (e0+"d(:6@

Fi1ure '# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&6;&$'@$

(e0+"d(:

6@

Fi1ure 6$# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&$'@&3&''(e0+"d(:

6

Fi1ure 6 FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&''3&@66B

(e0+"d(:

6

Fi1ure 6'# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+rmi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&@66%3&B6@

(e0+"d(:

6

Fi1ure 66# FFT !"!.y(i(+, !00e.er!ti+" 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&B63&%@$

(e0+"d(:

6

Fi1ure 6@#FFT !"!.y(i( +, *e.+0ity 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9$;'$@ (e0+"d(:6%

Fi1ure 6# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9'$@3@$B (e0+"d(:6%Fi1ure 6B# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9@$%3B&@@ (e0+"d(:6%

Fi1ure 6%# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9B&@3&' (e0+"d(:6%

Fi1ure 6# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&6;&$'@$ (e0+"d(:6%

Fi1ure 6# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&$'@&3&'' (e0+"d(:6%

Fi1ure @$# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&''3&@66B (e0+"d(:6

Fi1ure @ FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&@66%3&B6@ (e0+"d(:6

Fi1ure @'# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e#9&B63&%@$ (e0+"d(:6

Fi1ure @6# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r 0!r d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&%@$3&%'$ (e0+"d(:6

Fi1ure @@# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9$;'$@ (e0+"d(:6

Fi1ure @# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9'$@3@$B (e0+"d(:6

Fi1ure @B# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9@$%3B&@@ (e0+"d(:6

Fi1ure @%# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9@$%3B&@@ (e0+"d(:6

Fi1ure @# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9B&@3&' (e0+"d(:6

Fi1ure @# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&6;&$'@$ (e0+"d(:6

Fi1ure $# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&$'@&3&'' (e0+"d(:@$

Fi1ure FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&''3&@66B (e0+"d(:@$

Fi1ure '# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&@66%3&B6@ (e0+"d(:@$Fi1ure 6# FFT !"!.y(i(+, *e.+0ity 9,+r mi0r+ bu( d!t!:,+r d!t! r!"1e# 9&B63&%@$ (e0+"d(:@$


10/51

Ch!)ter &

INTRODUCTION

Dh!k!4 the 0!)it!. 0ity +, 2!"1.!de(h4 .ike the +ther (m!.. 0itie( +, the

t+ e">+y better )er,+rm!"0e( +, the *ehi0.e(


11/51

,u"0ti+" i"te1r!ted +*er the dur!ti+" +, the dri*i"1 0y0.e )r+du0e( the me0h!"i0!. e"er1y "eeded

,+r th!t dri*i"1 0y0.e-

The

0y0.e 0+"(i(ti"1 +, ,+ur ECE & 0y0.e( ,+..+


12/51

US dri*i"1 0y0.e(#

US dri*i"1 0y0.e( be.+"1 t+ the tr!"(ie"t 0y0.e(- Like the HYEM 0y0.e( they 1i*e !better

re)re(e"t!ti+" +, re!. dri*i"1 )!tter"( th!" the m+d!. 0y0.e(- I" the e!r.y (e*e"tie( FT8 %' 0y0.e

h!( bee" de*e.+)ed t+ de(0ribe !" urb!" r+ute- The 0y0.e 0+"(i(t( +, ! 0+.d (t!rt )h!(e- Thi()h!(e i( ,+..+

)h!(e +, the FT8 %' but i( e=e0uted

h!( ! hi1her !*er!1e ()eed- NYCC 0y0.e re)re(e"t( !" urb!" r+ute thr+u1h Ne< Y+rk- A

0h!r!0teri(ti0 +, thi( 0y0.e i( the .+< !*er!1e ()eed- US $B i( the (+ 0!..ed !11re((i*e dri*i"1

0y0.e- It i( de*e.+)ed t+ de(0ribe ! dri*i"1 )!tter"


13/51

&-6Ob>e0ti*e(#

Dri*i"1 0y0.e( me"ti+"ed !b+*e !re de*e.+)ed ,+r )!rti0u.!r 0itie(4


14/51

Ch!)ter '

METHODOLOGY

'-$ Meth+d+.+1y#

2!(i0!..y4 de*e.+)i"1 dri*i"1 0y0.e( i"*+.*e(#

3Re0+rdi"1 dri*i"1 0+"diti+"( u(i"1 +"e +r (e*er!. i"(trume"ted *ehi0.e(4

there mu(t be (+me 0h!"1e( i" the(e)!r!meter( ,+r di,,ere"t +b(er*!ti+"( t+ 0+*er !.. the

)+((ib.e dri*i"1 0+"diti+"(-T+ d!te4 t


15/51

Ch!(e 0!r d!t! h!*e )rim!ri.y bee" u(ed ,+r de*e.+)i"1 dri*i"1 0y0.e(4

i( !.(+ +, 1re!t im)+rt!"0e-

'-& De,i"i"1 the ,+ur (t!"d!rd dri*i"1 m+de(#

9!:Id.i"1 m+de#

he"4*e.+0ity $

Ortime e.!)(ed id.i"1 time

he"49*e.+0ity: ' kmhr!"d9!00e.er!ti+": $-6 m('

9b:A00e.er!ti+" m+de#

he"49!00e.er!ti+": $-6 m('4 time e.!)(ed !00e.er!ti"1 time

90:Crui(i"1 m+de#

he"49*e.+0ity: ' kmhr

A"dtime e.!)(ed 0rui(i"1 time

he"43$-6m('J 9!00e.er!ti+": $-6 m('

9d:De0e.er!ti+" m+de#

he"49!00e.er!ti+": J3$-6 m('4 time e.!)(ed de0e.er!ti"1 time


16/51

I" (h+rt

de*i0e( m!y (t+re u(e,u. d!t! +ther th!" ()eed !"d !00e.er!ti+"- The (!m).e r!te u(ed i" +ur

(tudy i( m!=imum & d!t! )er (e0+"d-S)e0i,i0!ti+" +, the G8S de*i0e i( 1i*e" i" the "e=t )!1e-


17/51

G!rmi"# etre=3Le1e"d HS)e0i,i0!ti+"#

8hy(i0!.#Si?e# -& &&-' 6-$ 0mei1ht# &$ 1

Di().!y# '- -@ 0mTem)er!ture#3&C t+ %$ C

8er,+rm!"0e#Re0ei*er# AASEGNOS E"!b.e4U)d!te r!te# &(e0+"d4 0+"ti"u+u(

Hi1h (e"(iti*e

A"te""!# 2ui.t3i" )!t0h

8+


18/51

De*e.+)i"1 ! )r!0ti0!. dri*i"1 0y0.e m+(t.y de)e"d( +" (e.e0ti"1 the r+ute( i"(itu!ti+"( 0!" be 0+*ered- E*e" the mi"d(et +, the dri*er 0!" .e!*e ! hu1e e,,e0t +" the dri*i"1

0y0.e !.+"1


19/51

im)+rt!"t r+ute( +, Dh!k! 0ity- I" 0!(e +, r+ute (e.e0ti+"4 the+*er!.. tr!,,i0 (itu!ti+" +, Dh!k!

0ity i( di,,ere"t ,r+m the Eur+)e!" +r Ameri0!" 0itie(- 2e0!u(e i" Dh!k! 0ity4 +ther th!" the

he!*y !"d medium m!)(-

M!) 8+.!(hi35+"(+" R+!d 9"e!r (!d!r1h!t:3Di.ku(h! R+!d


20/51

M!)'# Di.ku(h! R+!d3M!.ib!1


21/51

M!) 6# M!.ib!1;2!dd!

M!) @# 2!dd!;Utt!r!;2!"!"i


22/51

M!) #2!"!"i;G+*er"me"t S0ie"0e C+..e1e 9E.e"b!ri:


23/51

M!) B# E.e"b!ri;8+.!(hi

Here4 !.. the r+ute( 0+*ered h!*e bee" (h++ur"ey )!th i( t++ bi1

t+ 0+*er by +"e m!) 0.e!r.y- A.. the r+ute( h!*e bee" tr!*e..ed ,+r e!0h +, the time( +, d!t!

0+..e0ti+"-


24/51

'-@ Se.e0ti"1 d!t! 0+..e0ti+" time !"d dur!ti+"#

The tr!,,i0 (itu!ti+"( kee) 0h!"1i"1 !t di,,ere"t h+ur( +, the d!y- F+r Dh!k! 0ity4 the m!=imum

tr!,,i0 0+"1e(ti+" i( (ee" ,r+m !m t+ && !m4 ,r+m & )m t+ 6)m !"d ,r+m @-6$ )m t+ %-6$)m-

S+ d!t! (h+u.d be 0+..e0ted i" (u0h !

,r+m !m !"d ,i"i(hi"1 !,ter ' )m- The tr!,,i0 0+"diti+" di,,er( i" h+.id!y( !"d


25/51

Ch!)ter 6

ANALYSIS

6-$A"!.y(i(#

A.. the d!t! 0+..e0ted by ,+..+


26/51

6-& S)eed3time )r+,i.e+, Dh!k! 0ity# 9by the mi0r+ bu(:

Fi1ure '# ()eed3time )r+,i.e +, Dh!k! City 9by ! mi0r+ bu(:

S)

eed9kmhr:

Cy0.etime9(e0+"d:

$&$$6$$$@$$B$$$%$$$$$

'$

@$

B$

$

S)e

ed

9kmhr:

Cy0.etime9(e0+"d:

&$$$&'$$$&6$$&$$$&B$$&$$$$

'$

@$

B$

$


27/51

The ,i1ure & !"d ,i1ure ' (h+


28/51


29/51

6-' A00e.er!ti+"3time )r+,i.e +, Dh!k! City 9by the mi0r+ bu(:#

Fi1ure @# A00e.er!ti+"3time )r+,i.e +, Dh!k! City 9by ! mi0r+ bu(:

Cy0.eTime9(e0+"d:

A00e.er!ti+"99km

hr:(e0

:

$&$$6$$$@$$B$$$%$$$$$3

3B

36

$

6B

Cy0.eTime9(e0+"d:

A00

e.er!ti+"99km

hr:(

e0

:

&$$$&'$$$&6$$&$$$&B$$&$$$

3

3B

36

$

6

B


30/51

6-6 St!"d!rddri*i"1 m+de( di(tributi+"#

Fi1ure # 8er0e"t!1e +, time ()e"t i" di,,ere"t dri*i"1 m+de(9,+r the 0!r:

Fi1ure B# 8er0e"t!1e +, time ()e"t i" di,,ere"t dri*i"1 m+de(9,+r the mi0r+ bu(:

0.0

0.0

!0.0

"0.0

#0.0

$0.0

%0.0

accl timeDecel timeIdle &ime'ruising time

(time o

f totaldrivingtime

0.0

$.0

0.0

$.0

!0.0

!$.0

"0.0

"$.0

#0.0

#$.0$0.0

accl timeDecel timeIdle &ime'ruising time

(time o

f totaldrivingtime


31/51

6-@ S)eed di(tributi+" +, *ehi0.e( i" Dh!k! 0ity#

Fi1ure%# S)eed di(tributi+" +, the 0!r

Fi1ure # S)eed di(tributi+" +, the mi0r+ bu(

%0($(

!(

)(

!(!(!(

0 to 0

to !0

! to "0

" to #0

# to $0$ to %0

%0*

%".

%.

0.!

$.!!.%.#.#

0 to 0

to !0

! to "0

" to #0

# to $0

$ to %0%0*


32/51


33/51

T!b.e @#S)eed di(tributi+" +,*ehi0.e( i" Dh!k! 0ity#

S)eed r!"1e 9kmhr:C!r 9 +, time:Mi0r+ 2u( 9 +, time:

$ t+ &$B$B6-&

&& t+ '$&-@&B-&

'& t+ 6$&'-'&$-'

6& t+ @$B--'

@& t+ $'-6'-B

& t+ B$&-&-@

B$&-B&-@


34/51

6- E,,e0t +, )re(e"0e +, ri0k(h!


35/51

6- E,,e0t +, )re(e"0e +, ri0k(h!


36/51

(t!"d!rd dri*i"1 0y0.e( +, the +ther 0itie(- F+r the )re(e"0e +, ri0k(h!


37/51

6-B-' S)eed di(tributi+" +, *ehi0.e( i" Dh!k! 0ity#

Fi1ure &'# S)eed di(tributi+" +, 0+mbi"ed (tudy

T!b.e %#S)eed di(tributi+" +, 0+mbi"ed (tudy

S)eed r!"1e 9kmhr:C+mbi"ed (tudy 9 +, time:

$ t+ &$B&-B

&& t+ '$&-

'& t+ 6$&&-'

6& t+ @$-

@& t+ $'-@

& t+ B$&-%B$&-

%!(

%(

(

%(!(!(!(

$ t+ &$

&& t+ '$

'& t+ 6$

6& t+ @$

@& t+ $

& t+ B$

B$


38/51

Fr+m the !b+*e ,i1ure !"d t!b.e


39/51

6-% F!(t F+urier Tr!"(,+rm!ti+" A"!.y(i( 9FFT:#

The ,!(t F+urier tr!"(,+rm i( (im).y ! F+urier tr!"(,+rm!ti+" ,+r ! di(0rete 9di1it!.: (i1"!. th!t i(

,!(tt+ 0!.0u.!te +" ! 0+m)uter- The +ut)ut +, !" FFT (ubr+uti"e i( ! (erie( +, 0+m).e= "umber(4

+"e ,+r e!0h di(0rete.y (!m).ed d!t! )+i"t4 re)re(e"ti"1 e!0h di(0rete ,re7ue"0y4 +".y h!., +,


40/51

6-%-& FFT !"!.y(i( +, !00e.er!ti+"


41/51

Fi1ure '$# FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&''3&@66B (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure ' FFT !"!.y(i(,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&@66%3&B6@ (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure ''# FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&B63&%@$ (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure '6# FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&%@$3&%'$ (e0+"d(:

Fre7ue"0y9H?:

Am

).itud

e

$$-$'$-$@$-$B$-$$-&

$-$'

$-$@

$-$B

Fre7ue"0y9H?:

Am

).it

ude

$$-$'$-$@$-$B$-$$-&

$-$'

$-$@

$-$B

$-$

Fre7ue"0y9H?:

Am

).itude

$$-$'$-$@$-$B$-$$-&

$-$'

$-$

$-$%

$-&

$-&'

Fre7ue"0y9H?:

Am

).it

ude

$$-$'$-$@$-$B$-$$-&

$-$'

$-$

$-$%

$-&

$-&'

$-&


42/51

T!b.e #FFT !"!.y(i( +, !00e.er!ti+"


43/51

6-%-&FFT !"!.y(i( +, !00e.er!ti+"


44/51

Fi1ure 6$# FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&$'@&3&'' (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure 6 FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&''3&@66B (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure 6'# FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&@66%3&B6@ (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure 66# FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&B63&%@$ (e0+"d(:

Fre7ue"0y9H?:

Am

).itud

e

$$-$'$-$@$-$B$-$$-&

$

$-$'

$-$@

$-$B

Fre7ue"0y9H?:

Am

).itud

e

$$-$'$-$@$-$B$-$$-&

$

$-$'

$-$@

$-$B

$-$

Fre7ue"0y9H?:

Am

).itud

e

$$-$'$-$@$-$B$-$$-&

$

$-$'

$-$@

$-$B

Fre7ue"0y9H?:

Am

).itud

e

$$-$'$-$@$-$B$-$$-&

$

$-$'

$-$@

$-$B

$-$


45/51

T!b.e &$#FFT !"!.y(i( +, !00e.er!ti+"


46/51

6-%-'FFT !"!.y(i( +,*e.+0ity


47/51

Fi1ure @$# FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&''3&@66B (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure @ FFT !"!.y(i(,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&@66%3&B6@ (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure @'#FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&B63&%@$ (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure @6# FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&%@$3&%'$ (e0+"d(:

0

$

0

$!0

!$

00.0$0.

Am

plitude

3re4uency /56

0

$

0

$

!0

!$

"0

00.0$0.

Am

plitude

3re4uency /56

0

$

0

$

!0

!$"0

"$

00.0$0.

Am

plitude

3re4uency7 /56

0

$0

$!0

!$"0

"$

#0

00.0$0.

Am

plitude

3re4uency /56


48/51

6-%-'FFT !"!.y(i( +,*e.+0ity


49/51

Fi1ure $# FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&$'@&3&'' (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&''3&@66B (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure '# FFT!"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!

r!"1e# 9&@66%3&B6@ (e0+"d(:

Fi1ure 6# FFT !"!.y(i( ,+r d!t!r!"1e# 9&B63&%@$ (e0+"d(:

0

$

0

$

!0

!$

00.0!0.0#0.0%0.00.

Am

).itude

Fre7ue"0y9H?:

0

$

0

$

!0

00.0!0.0#0.0%0.00.

Am

).itude

Fre7ue"0y9H?:

0

$

0

$

!0

00.0!0.0#0.0%0.00.

Am

plitude

Fre7ue"0y9H?:

0!

#%

0!#

00.0!0.0#0.0%0.00.

Am

).itude

Fre7ue"0y9H?:


50/51

Ch!)ter @

CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION

A.m+(t !.. the im)+rt!"t r+ute( +, Dh!k! 0ity h!*e bee" 0+*ered i" +ur (tudy4 (+ th!tthe r+ute(m!y re)re(e"t the 0+m).ete (0e"!ri+ +, the tr!,,i0 0+"diti+"(- At the (!me time ! .+"1er )eri+d +,

time h!( bee" 0h+(e" ,+r d!t! 0+..e0ti+"4


51/51

Re,ere"0e(#

&-Re!.3

Documents

Thesis on driving cycle