An Applied Research Project

Presented to the Teachers in

Agricultural Science Curriculum

Secondary Department of the

Laguna State Polytechnic University

Siniloan, Laguna

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements in Applied Research IV

Agricultural Science Curriculum

Under the Supervision of

Engr. Octavius Nuestro

By:

KIRSTEN SAMANTHA SALAMATIN BALOBALO

2010-2011

Laguna State Polytechnic University

Siniloan, Laguna

LABORATORY HIGH SCHOOL

(Agricultural Science Curriculum)

THESIS TITLE:

GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF BAGUIO BEANS

(Phaseolus vulgaris) AS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT

LEVELS OF DRIED WATERHYACINTH

AS FERTILIZER

CONUCTED BY:

KIRSTEN SAMANTHA SALAMATIN BALOBALO

NOTED BY:

Biographical Data

Name: Kirsten Samantha Balobalo

Address: Brgy. San Jose St.

Panguil, Laguna

Date of Birth: November 22, 1994

Place of Birth: Panguil, Laguna

Civil Status: Single

Parents:

Father: Bjorn Dino Balobalo

Mother: Carina Balobalo

Educational Attainment:

Primary: Our Lady’s Nativity Parish Church

1998

Saint Mark Montessori Inc.

1999-2000

Intermediate: Saint Mark Montessori Inc.

2000-2002

Panguil Central Elementary School

2002-2007

Secondary: Laguna State Polytechnic University

2007-2011

Curriculum: Agricultural Science Curriculum

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The author wishes to convey her profound gratitude to several persons who

shared their help, support and guidance which gave way to the completion of this

study.

To Engr. Octavius Nuestro, her Applied Research teacher, for his kind assistance,

valuable comments, suggestions, recommendations, and most especially for his

patience that made way to the completion of this study;

To Mrs. Arlene G. Advento, her adviser, for her guidance and supervision;

To Ms. Liberata A. Capilos, her third year Applied Research Teacher, for

showing concern on the computation of his data.

To her parents, Mr. Bjorn Dino Balobalo and Mrs. Carina Balobalo for

their love, moral, and financial support. You’ve been the author’s inspiration;

To her grand parents. Mr. Wenceslao Salamatin and Mrs. Cynthia

Salamatin. Mr. Liborio Balobalo and Mrs. Julieta Balobalo for their love, moral,

and financial support.

To her brothers and sister namely; Angelo, Kallei, Boris and Koddie for

helping him in conducting this thesis;

To her classmates, Renz, Nolvert, Awen, Airel, Rafael, Franz, Cedie, Samu,

K-anne, Sarah B., Bernadette, Cayleen, Alyssa, Jossa , Gayle, Queencess, Nhel,

Yvan, AC, KC, Nikka, Jalen, Yeye, Nikki, Christine and Especially Angelica,

Fresh, Joy, and Jhem.

To her friend’s Roy, Brent, P.A, Joana, Mat2, Charie, Chelay, Asah, Arniel,

Engy, Gerald

To her Tanglawer’s Family namely Cat, Ice, Ron, Pau, Gilo, Jel, Agatha,

Trizhia, Jaybert, Criselle, Tods, Love, Edel, Eson, Gideon, Justher, Joezer, Mc, and

Telang.

To her Elementary classmates Justine, Hannah, Marian, Candy, and Celine

Proud to be SENIORITOS/SENIORITAS(CHOKS) IV-ASC ROCKS!

To I-ASC, II-ASC, III-ASC;

To his FFP-FAHP-FFPCC Family (Regional Chapter);

And most of all, to our ALMIGHTY God, for without Him, this study could

not have been possible. He would like to thank You with all his heart for all the

blessings You’ve given him and for the continuous flow of Your guidance. The

patience and courage You’ve given him were very much appreciated.

THE AUTHOR

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Approval Sheet

Bibliographical Data

Acknowledgement

Table of Contents

List of Tables

Abstract

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Nature and Importance of the Study

B. Statement of the Problem

C. Objectives of the Study

D. Significance of the study

E. Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

F. Hypotheses

G. Time and Place of the Study

H. Limitation of the Study

I. Definition of Terms

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

III. MATERIALS AND METHODS

A. MATERIALS

B. METHODS

1. Experimental Design, Layout and Approach

2. Special Techniques and Procedures

a. Preparation of the Experimental Area

b. Preparation of the Treatment materials

c. Soil Preparation

d. Application of Treatments

e. Planting

f. Care and Management

3. Data Gathering Procedure

4. Statistical Tools and Analysis

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. Average Number of the Leaves

B. Total Number of Harvested Fruits

C. Final Weight of the Fruits

V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Literature Cited

Appendices

List of Tables

a. Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

b. Experimental Lay-out

c. Average Number of Leaves

d. Analysis of Variance of Average Number of Leaves

e. Total Number of Fruits

f. Analysis of Variance of Total Number of Fruits

g. Final Weight of Fruits

h. Analysis of Variance of Final Weight of Fruits

ABSTRACT

SANTOS, PETER JOHN REDEÑA, Laguna State Polytechnic University,

Siniloan Laguna. The Growth and Yield Performance of Baguio beans (Phaseolus

vulgaris) as affected by Different Levels of Dried Water Hyacinth as Fertilizer, under the

supervision of Prof. Ernesto P. Cads.

The study was conducted to determine the growth and yield performance of

Baguio bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) as affected by different levels of Dried Water Hyacinth

as fertilizer. It was conducted at Brgy. Nanguma, Mabitac, Laguna from October 24,

2010 to December 15, 2010.

A Completely Randomized Design was used in the study. The treatments that will be

used are as follows:

Treatment 1= Control (Soil Media)

Treatment 2= Soil Media +100g dried water hyacinth

Treatment 3= Soil Media +200g dried water hyacinth

Treatment 4= Soil Media + 300g dried water hyacinth

The results of the study are summarized as follows:

The greatest number of leaves was observed on Control plants while the least

number of leaves was observed on Baguio beans applied with 300g of dried water

hyacinth (Treatment IV).

Baguio beans which produced the greatest number of fruits were applied 300g of

dried water hyacinth (Treatment IV) while the least number of fruits were harvested on

Baguio beans applied with 100g of dried water hyacinth (Treatment II).

Baguio beans which produced the heaviest fruits were applied 300g of dried water

hyacinth (Treatment IV) while the lightest fruits were harvested on Baguio beans on

Control (Treatment I)

The Average Final Number of Leaves, Total number of Fruits and Final Weight

of Fruits showed no differences among the treatments.

Based on the result of the study, it is therefore concluded that the use of different

levels of dried water hyacinth do not affect the growth and yield performance of Baguio

beans.

Further study on the effect of dried water hyacinth on the growth and yield performance

of Baguio beans on field trials and on other plants are also recommended.

GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF BAGUIO BEANS

(Phaseolus vulgaris) AS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT

LEVELS OF DRIED WATERHYACINTH

AS FERTILIZER

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Nature and Importance of the Study

Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is a tender, warm season belonging to the

leguminosae or pea family. The seed are planted when the soil temperature is above 62

degrees F. in spring, summer and fall. Spring crop snap beans are planted 1 to ½ inches

deep after the beginning of the frost free period. Fall crop snap beans are planted early

enough in the summer for harvest to be completed before the first killing frost. Row

spacing for bush beans is 2.3 inches in the row & 18 to 36 inches between rows. The

optimum temperature for plant growth is 60 to 70 degrees F. Snap beans require moist

soil germination, water availability at pod fill is also critical to ensure high yields.

Because of the relativity shallow root system of the snap bean, the water requirement is

high.

http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=134

Baguio beans benefit from the use of organic fertilizer. Various organic fertilizer

(both plant and animal sources) have been found beneficial. Other sources of organic

fertilizer need to be tapped especially those plants whose ecological importance has not

really been exploited to the fullest. One such plant is the water lily.

(http://www.fianoweb.com/Florida_Gardening/Baguiobeans.htm,2006)

When used in reference to fertilizers, the word organic generally means that the

nutrients contained in the production are derived solely from the remains or by-product of

an organism. Some examples of Organic Fertilizers are sewage sludge, water lilies, fish

emulsion manure, blood, meal and cottonseed meal. (Ref.,1997) One can also use

decayed leaves of plants like Malunggay, oregano, neem tree. Lemon grass. Etc.

(http://www.botanical.com/botanical_1)

B. Statement of the Problem

Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions:

1. What are the effects of the different levels of dried water hyacinth on the growth and

yield performance of Baguio bean?

2. Are there any significant differences among the effects of the different levels of dried

water hyacinth to the growth and yield performance of Baguio bean?

3. Which treatment produced the best result?

C. Objectives of the Study

General:

This study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of dried water

hyacinth as fertilizer to the growth and yield performance of Baguio bean.

Specific:

1. To determine what level of dried water hyacinth will give the best result in the

growth and yield performance of Baguio bean in terms of number of leaves,

number of fruits, and weight of fruits.

2. To produce high quality Baguio beans using dried water hyacinth as fertilizer.

D. Significance of the Study

The author believes that this study will contribute to the following persons:

1. His parents, in case they would want to engage in agri-business enterprise;

2. The farmers, to help them decide what level of dried water hyacinth is to be used;

3. To the people of the community, for the ideas about the safe and cheapest method

of producing organic fertilizers;

4. The author himself, for additional knowledge.

E. Theoretical and Conceptual Framework

FRAMEWORK INDEPENDENT

VARIABLE

INTERVENING

VARIABLE

DEPENDENT

VARIABLE

THEORETICAL Different Levels of

Dried Water Hyacinth

Environmental Factors Growth and Yield

performance of

Baguio beans

CONCEPTUAL T1- Control (100% soil

media)

T2- soil media + 100g

dried water hyacinth

T3- soil media + 200g

dried water hyacinth

T4- soil media + 300g

dried water hyacinth

Climate

Weeds

Insects

Disturbance like man

and animals

Average Number of

leaves

Total Number of

Fruits

Final Weight of

Fruits

F. Hypotheses

Null Hypothesis

The growth and yield performance of Baguio bean is not affected by the different

levels of dried water hyacinth as fertilizer.

Alternative Hypothesis

The growth and yield performance of Baguio bean is affected by the different levels

of dried water hyacinth as fertilizer.

G. Time and Place of the Study

This study was conducted at Brgy. Nanguma, Mabitac, Laguna from October 24,

2010 to December 15, 2010.

H. Limitation of the Study

This study limits only on the growth and yield performance of Baguio bean as

affected by different levels of dried water hyacinth in terms of number of Fruits, number

of Leaves and weight of Fruits.

I. Definition of Terms

The following are defined to give more information about the terminologies included

in this study.

Fibers -  is a class of materials that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated

pieces, similar to lengths of thread. They are very important in the biology of

both plants and animals, for holding tissues together.

Growth - an increase in the size of an organism or part especially when involving

increase in the amount of protoplasm.

Inorganic/Synthetic Fertilizer - fertilizers from chemicals or manufactured fertilizers.

Organic Fertilizers - Fertilizers from decayed remains of organisms.

Petioles - The petiole is the small stalk attaching the leaf blade to the stem. The petiole

usually has the same internal.

Synthetic Organic Fertilizer - an organic substance manufactured from in organic

materials.

Water hyacinth - Water hyacinth are a free-floating perennial aquatic plant native to

tropical and sub-tropical South America. With broad, thick, glossy, ovate leaves, water

hyacinth may rise above the surface of the water as much as 1 meter in height.

The leaves are 10–20 cm across, and float above the water surface. They have long,

spongy and bulbous stalks.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Water hyacinth can be used on the land either as a green manure or as compost.

As a green manure it can be either ploughed into the ground or used as a mulch. The

plant is ideal for composting, an elegant solution to the problem of water hyacinth and

poor soil quality. http://www.paceproject.net/UserFiles/File/Water/Water

%20hyacinth.pdf

Water hyacinth is a copious consumer of nutrients, and as it decays those nutrients

which it previously absorbed are released back into the soil. However, the primary

benefit was in the positive effect the plant had on soil texture. Water hyacinth has

distinctive fibrous qualities, and soils amended with water hyacinth fertilizers were more

aerated and had superior moisture drainage than their chemically-amended counterparts.

These findings are encouraging in the face of so much unwanted, yet prolific water

hyacinth growth. http://www.ehow.com/way_5664058_use-water-hyacinth-fertilizer.html

Water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) is a rapidly growing invasive aquatic weed

that has caused blocked waterways and destroys native habitats. Positively, water

hyacinth can be used as a source of organic biomass for fertilizer that contains high levels

of nitrogen. http://www.ehow.com/facts_5824569_water-hyacinth-source-

nitrogen.html#ixzz0tYYjE6Up

Another agricultural use of water hyacinth is by turning them into green manure

or as compost. As a green manure, it can be either ploughed into the ground or used as

mulch. After removing the plant from the water it can be left to dry for a few days before

being mixed with ash, soil and some animal manure.

http://www.gaiadiscovery.com/latest-planet/water-hyacinth-ecological-value-

environmental-impacts.html

Water hyacinth has a Microbial decomposition that breaks down the fats, lipids,

proteins, sugars and starches. The mixture can be left in piles to compost, the warmer

climate of tropical countries accelerating the process and producing a rich pathogen free

compost which can be applied directly to the soil. The compost increases soil fertility and

crop yield and generally improves the quality of the soil. Compost can be made on a large

or small scale and is well suited to labour intensive, low capital production. In developing

countries where mineral fertiliser is expensive, it is an elegant solution to the problem of

water hyacinth proliferation and also poor soil quality. In Sri Lanka water hyacinth is

mixed with organic municipal waste, ash and soil, composted and sold to local farmers

and market

gardeners.http://www.itdg.org.pe/fichastecnicas/pdf/water_hyacinth_control.pdf

CHAPTER III

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A. Materials

The following materials were used in this study:

1. Baguio bean seeds

2. Forty eight (48) polyethylene bags

3. Dried water hyacinth

4. Water

5. Sprinkler

6. Tape measure/meter stick

7. Platform balance

8. Pure garden soil

9. Calculator, ball pen/pencil, record notebook

B. Methods

1.) Experimental Design, Lay-out and Approach

Forty eight (48) polyethylene bags will be prepared for this study. There will be

four (4) treatments and four (4) replications with three (3) samples in each replication

with one (1) plant in each polyethylene bag constituting one (1) replicate. Pre-germinated

seedling of Baguio beans having the same age will be mixed with different amounts of

dried water hyacinth as per treatments below at weekly interval. A completely

randomized design will be used for this study.

The treatments that will be used are as follows:

Treatment 1= Control (Soil Media)

Treatment 2= Soil Media +100g dried water hyacinth

Treatment 3= Soil Media +200g dried water hyacinth

Treatment 4= Soil Media + 300g dried water hyacinth

Data on the following will be collected:

a.) Average Number of Leaves

b.) Total Number of Fruits

c.) Final Weight of Fruits

The experimental units are as follows:

T₁R₄ T₂R₃ T₂R₁ T₄R₂

T₁R₁ T₁R₂ T₃R₃ T₁R₃

T₂R₂ T₃R₂ T₄R₄ T₄R₁

T₂R₄ T₄R₃ T₃R₄ T₃R₁

2.) Special Techniques and Procedures

a. Preparation of the Experimental Area

The experimental area was thoroughly cleaned and all wastes were removed.

b. Preparation of the Treatment Materials

The Water Lily plants were chopped into small pieces and were dried for two

weeks.

c. Soil Preparation

A soil mixture consisting of soil (3kg pure garden soil) and chopped dried water

lily plant was used in the study. Such mixture was placed in polyethylene bags.

d. Application of the Treatments

Application of treatments was done (2) weeks before planting.

e. Planting

Three seeds were sown in each polyethylene bags containing the mixture. The soil

was moistened once a day for a week. Out of three germinated seeds, two seedlings

were disposed and the remaining seedling was left to grow as the experimental unit.

f. Care and Management

Watering was done regularly, once in the morning and once in the afternoon.

Weeds were controlled by hand pulling.

3.) Date Gathering Procedure

Data gathering was done every week. The data gathered in this study were:

a. Average Number of Leaves

The number of leaves of each plant was gathered by counting per week.

b. Total Number of Fruit

The number of Fruits of each plant was gathered by counting per week.

c. Final Weight of Fruits

After harvesting, the plants were weighed in a platform balance.

4.) Statistical Analysis

The data gathered were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). To show

the differences among the treatment means.

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. Average Number of Leaves

Table 1 shows the average number of leaves of the experimental plants. the table

shows that the plants in Treatment I produced the highest number of leaves with a mean

of 36.7, followed by the plants in Treatment II, III, IV with mean values of 35.5, 34.4

and 33.6, respectively.

Table 1. Average Number of Leaves

Treatment Replication Total Mean

1 2 3 4

1 39.6 33.9 34.1 39.1 146.7 36.7

2 36.6 39.2 37.9 28.4 142.1 35.5

3 31.8 34.7 32.6 38.4 137.5 34.4

4 32.6 36.9 38.1 26.7 134.3 33.6

Grand Total 560.6

Grand Mean 35.05

Analysis of Variance

SV DF SS MS FC FTAB

5% 1%

TREATMENT 3 21.9875 7.33 0.51ns 3.49 5.95

ERROR 12 174.15 14.51

TOTAL 15 196.1375

CV = 10.87%

ns = not significant

Analysis of Variance showed no significant differences among the treatments. This

means that the treatments applied do not have different effects on the average number of

leaves.

B. Total Number of Fruits

Table 2 shows the Total Number of Fruits of the experimental plants. The table shows

that the plants in Treatment IV produced the highest number of fruits with a mean value

of 11.25, followed by the plants in Treatment I, III and II with mean values of 8, 7.25 and

5.5, respectively.

Table 2. Total Number of Fruits

Treatment

Replication

Total Mean

1 2 3 4

1 9 5 10 8 32 8

2 6 5 4 7 22 5.5

3 7 8 9 5 29 7.25

4 5 14 12 14 45 11.25

Grand Total 128

Grand Mean 8

\

Analysis of Variance

SV DF SS MS FC FTAB

5% 1%

TREATMENT 3 69.5 23.17 3.37ns 3.49 5.95

ERROR 12 82.5 6.875

TOTAL 15 152

CV = 32.78%

ns = not significant

Analysis of Variance showed no significant differences among the treatments. This

means that the treatments applied do not have different effects on the Total Number of

Fruits.

C. Final Weight of Fruits

Table 3 shows the Final Weight of Fruits of the experimental plants. The table shows

that the plants in Treatment IV produced the highest number of fruits with a mean value

of 25.76, followed by the plants in Treatment III, II and I with mean values of 22.65,

22.15 and 21.65 respectively.

Table 3. Final Weight of Fruits (g)

Treatment

Replication

Total Mean

1 2 3 4

1 24 21.5 19.4 21.7 86.6 21.65

2 23.4 20.9 23.9 20.4 88.6 22.15

3 23.4 21.8 22.8 22.6 90.6 22.65

4 29.8 25.3 22.3 25.7 103.1 25.76

Grand Total 368.9

Grand Mean 23.05

Analysis of Variance

CV = 8.83%

ns = not significant

Analysis of Variance showed no significant differences among the treatments.

This means that the treatments applied do not have different effects on the Final Weight

of Fruits.

SV DF SS MS FC FTAB

5% 1%

TREATMENT 3 41.42 13.81 3.34ns 3.49 5.95

ERROR 12 49.68 4.14

TOTAL 15 91.1

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

The study was conducted to determine the growth and yield performance of Baguio

beans as affected by different levels of Dried Water Hyacinth as fertilizer. The

experimental area was laid out in Completely Randomized Design with four treatments

and four replications. Each replication has three samples.

The treatments that will be used are as follows:

Treatment 1= Control (Soil Media)

Treatment 2= Soil Media +100g dried water hyacinth

Treatment 3= Soil Media +200g dried water hyacinth

Treatment 4= Soil Media + 300g dried water hyacinth

The results of the study are summarized as follows:

The greatest number of leaves was observed on Control plants while the least

number of leaves was observed on Baguio beans applied with 300g of dried water

hyacinth (Treatment IV).

Baguio beans which produced the greatest number of fruits were applied 300g of

dried water hyacinth (Treatment IV) while the least number of fruits were harvested on

Baguio beans applied with 100g of dried water hyacinth (Treatment II).

Baguio beans which produced the heaviest fruits were applied 300g of dried water

hyacinth (Treatment IV) while the lightest fruits were harvested on Baguio beans on

Control (Treatment I)

The Average Final Number of Leaves, Total number of Fruits and Final Weight

of Fruits showed no differences among the treatments.

Based on the result of the study, it is therefore concluded that the use of different

levels of dried water hyacinth do not affect the growth and yield performance of Baguio

beans.

Further study on the effect of dried water hyacinth on the growth and yield performance

of Baguio beans on field trials and on other plants are also recommended.

LITERATURE CITED

Relf., 1997

http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=134

(http://www.botanical.com/botanical_1)

(http://www.fianoweb.com/Florida_Gardening/Baguiobeans.htm,2006)

http://www.paceproject.net/UserFiles/File/Water/Water%20hyacinth.pdf

http://www.ehow.com/way_5664058_use-water-hyacinth-fertilizer.html

http://www.gaiadiscovery.com/latest-planet/water-hyacinth-ecological-value-

environmental-impacts.html

http://www.ehow.com/facts_5824569_water-hyacinth-source-

nitrogen.html#ixzz0tYYjE6Up

http://www.itdg.org.pe/fichastecnicas/pdf/water_hyacinth_control.pdf