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Theatrical Design and Production Chapter 8: Tools and Materials © 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved. Hand Tools: Marking Tools Pencils Either carpenter’s pencils or number two yellows china markers used for marking metal wax pencils for lighting color media Scribe “Scratch awl” Used for marking wood, metal, and plastic; can also be used to make starter holes Chalk line Used to mark straight lines
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Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Measuring ToolsTape Measure
Plastic or metal case, appropriate for general scenic measuring
Tri SquareUsed as a guide for marking 90-degree angles
Combination SquareUsed for marking 45- and 90-degree
angles
Bevel ProtractorAdjustable and used for marking 0 to
90-degree angles
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Measuring ToolsFraming Square
Used for checking accuracy of 90-degree corner joints in flat construction
Bevel SetUsed for transferring angles from one piece of work to another
Carpenter’s LevelUsed to determine true horizontal and vertical angles
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Marking ToolsPencils
Either carpenter’s pencils or number two yellows
china markers used for marking metal
wax pencils for lighting color media
Scribe“Scratch awl” Used for marking wood, metal, and plastic; can also be used to make starter holes
Chalk lineUsed to mark straight lines
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: HammersClaw Hammer
Designed for inserting and removing nails
Rip HammerCan be used for prying or ripping apart previously nailed wood
Ball Peen HammerUsed for bending and shaping metal and seating rivets
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: HammersMechanic’s Hammer
Used for shaping metal
Tack HammerUsed for inserting tacks, the face is magnetized to hold tacks in place
MalletWooden, plastic, or metal head, they are used for driving chisels
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
SawsCrosscut Saw
Used to cut across the grain of wood
Rip SawDesigned to cut parallel with the grain of the wood
Backsaw and Miter BoxFine-toothed crosscut saw, used with the miter box for more accurate cuts
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
SawsKeyhole Saw
Used for making curvilinear cuts in stock lumber
Coping SawUsed for making fine, curvilinear cuts in thin plywood
HacksawAdjustable frame saw for cutting metal
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Utility KnifeUsed to trim excess muslin from the edges of flats as well as to cut out stencils and other lightweight cutting projects
ScissorsUsed to cut papers and fabrics
Tin SnipsUsed to cut thin ferrous and nonferrous strap and sheet metals
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Wood ChiselUsed for gouging, paring, or smoothing wood
Cold ChiselUsed for cutting through, or shearing, mild steel and nonferrous metals
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Planes
Block PlaneUsed to smooth the ends (across the grain) of boards
Smoothing PlaneApplied parallel to the grain of the wood
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
PlanesSpoke Shave
Pulled across the surface of the work and used to soften or round sharp edges
Surform ToolsNot really a plane or a file, they are pushed across the work, cross-grain or parallel
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Files
Wood RaspUsed for rough shaping of wood
Wood FileUsed for smoothing wooden and plastic surfaces
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Cutting Tools
Files
Rat-Tail FileCan be used with wood, plastic, and metal
Metal FileHas very fine teeth for use on metal
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Drilling Tools
Bits Twist-Drill Bits
Designed for use with either wood or metal
Wood BitsDesigned for use in wood or soft plastic, used with power hand drills or drill presses
Auger BitsUsed with the brace for cutting holes in wood
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Drilling Tools
Hole SawsUsed to center the saw in the work
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Clamping ToolsC Clamp
Used for holding work together while the parts are being assembled or while glue dries’
Sliding Bar Clamp
Spring Clamp
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Clamping Tools
PliersSlip-Joint Pliers
Used for clamping, gripping, bending, cutting light wire
Linesman PliersUsed for clamping, gripping, bending, cutting light wire
Long-Nose PliersUseful for holding small objects in hard-to-reach places
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Clamping ToolsLocking Pliers
“Vise Grip” Used to grasp, lock, and hold almost any object
Diagonal CuttersUsed by electricians for cutting soft wire
Tongue and Groove PliersUsed for holding metal pipe and tubing and other similar gripping jobs
Channel locks, spanners, Adjustable Arc-Joint Pliers
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Clamping Tools
WrenchesOpen-End Wrench
Designed to fit nuts of specific standard or metric diameter
Box-End WrenchHave a closed, toothed head that must be fit over the nut
Combination WrenchHave one end open the other is closed
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Clamping Tools
Adjustable-End Wrench“Crescent Wrench” It adapts to fit any small to medium sized nut
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Clamping Tools
WrenchesMonkey Wrench
Adjustable, used on large nuts and other work too large for the crescent wrench
Pipe WrenchUsed to hold or twist metal pipes
Socket Set and Ratchet HandleAllows you to tighten and loosen nuts without removing the socket from the nut
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: ScrewdriversStandard Screwdriver
Available in a variety of sizes
Philips ScrewdriverFour-flanged tip allows for more rotational force
Nut DriverUsed for tightening small hex nuts on bolts
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Misc Hand ToolsWrecking bars (crow bar/wonder)
Used to pry wood apart and remove nails
SandpaperUsed for smoothing wood, metal, and plastic
Theatrical Design and Production
Chapter 8: Tools and Materials
© 2006 McGraw-Hill. All right reserved.
Hand Tools: Misc Hand Tools
Staple GunUsed for attaching muslin to flat frames and fabric to furniture
