The Yom Kippur War

Arab/Palestinian Points of Contention

● In 1971, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat raised the possibility of a peace agreement between Israel, provided that all territories captured by Israel in the Six-Day War were relinquished.

● No progress was made, and the following year Sadat said war was inevitable and he was prepared to sacrifice a million Egyptian soldiers.

Arab/Palestinian Points of Contention

● Egypt was unwilling to negotiate from a position of humiliation.

● Sadat hoped that even a small victory would be enough to change the status quo.

Israeli Points of Contention- Nov. 2 1917, the Balfour Declaration. The Balfour Declaration was a promise made by the British stating that the Jews had home to call their own in Palestine - Combined forces from Egypt and Syria attacked Israel with the aim of regaining territory lost to Israel in 1967. They attacked Israel on the most sacred day according the Jewish faith known as Yom Kippur.- Member of black September shot 11 Israeli athletes at the 1972 at the Munich Olympics

Key Players● Hafez Al-assad

● Golda Meir● Henry Kissinger

● Anwar Sadat

● October 6th, 1973 Egypt and Syria launch an attack on Israeli positions along the Suez Canal and in the Golan Heights.

● Oct. 10, 1973--Washington authorizes an airlift of military supplies to Israel because of soviet support to Egypt. Israel successfully attacks Egyptian troops. Israel has recaptured most of the territory in the southern Golan.

● Oct. 14, 1973--In one of the largest tank-to-tank battles ever fought, Israel is estimated to have lost 10 tanks, the Egyptians anywhere from 250 to 300. Iraq and Jordan send troops to the Golan, in response to appeals for assistance from Syria.

● Oct. 22, 1973--Israel overtakes all Syrian positions on Mount Hermon. The implementation of Security Resolution 242, which called for an exchange of land for peace, and negotiations between the two countries. A Cease-fire accepted by countries.

● Oct 28th, 1973--Israeli and Egyptian military leaders meet to implement the cease-fire at Kilometer 101 marker in the Sinai. It was the first military meeting between the two countries in 25 years.

● Israel has lost roughly 2,500 soldiers, Syria 3,500. Egyptian casualties are not really known

YOM KIPPUR WAR-- KEY BATTLES

Outcome of the Conflict● While Israel technically

won the fighting, the Arabs won politically. Their confidence grew dramatically as Israel's invincibility had been lost.

● Sadat was seen as an accomplished political strategist as a result.

● Israelis were angry at Prime Minister Golda Meir and Defence Minister Moshe Dayan for Israel's losses

● 3,000 Israelis were killed and 8,000 were injured. 8,500 Egyptians and Syrians were killed and 20,000 were injured. This lead to an Israeli peace movement.

● Egypt was ready for a settlement with Israel and Syria and was willing to accept UN resolution 242.

Sources● The Arab-Israeli Conflict, T.G. Fraser

●The Yom Kippur War: The Epic Encounter That Transformed the Middle East, Abraham Rabinovich

Jared Brandon, Carsten Concon, Maxwell Cromett, Colby Ford, Abby Gregory, Ben Lucke