The Wright Report

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THE WRIGHT REPORT

PART 1.LAYMAN SCIENCE

SPACE HAS A SPEED LIMIT!

WHAT IS IT? WHAT CAUSES IT?

HOW DOES IT WORK?WHAT IS TIME? WHAT CAUSES IT?

WHAT EFFECTS IT? HOW DOES IT

WORK? COULD THERE BE OTHER

DIMENSIONS, AND IF SO, ARE THEY

ANYTHING LIKE WE WOULD KNOW

OR UNDERSTAND? WHAT IS ABLACK HOLE AND WHAT HAPPENS

THERE? ARE ATOMS FOREVER? OR

DO THEY TOO DIE? WHAT PROPELS

LIGHT? DOES IT TRAVEL FOREVER?

LAYMAN SCIENCEIS PART ONE OF A THREE PART

BOOK.

THIS WILL BE THE PUBLICS FIRST


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GLIMPSE AT A LIFE LONG WORK!!!

THE WRIGHT REPORT

PART 1.

Layman science

In 2 written works ALBERT EINSTEINbrought forth a number of scientific

Theories. He titled his theories The

Theory of Relativity and The Special

Theory of Relativity. Although these

works were not widely printed at the time

Einsteins ideas and theories did get someearly media attention . Like most

scientific papers they consisted of a bunch

of confusing numbers and statements,

mostly about time and space, A

mathematical equation for measuring the

amount of energy an atom has in it was

given. The Theory of Relativity is actually

several related theories, the Special


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Theory of Relativity is likewise more

related theories. Scientists, Physicists,

Astrophysicists, and Cosmologists werethe first to recognize the importance of

Einsteins theories. The occasional

mentions reported to the public by the

media were somewhat confusing to men,

women, and children busy with everyday

life, However, the public did show someinterest mostly just curiosity about

something seemingly bizarre. One

theory in particular TIME IS NOT A

CONSTANT generated a great deal of

public interest. According to this theory

time is not the same under different

conditions. The specific condition Einstein

gave that could or would change time was

SPEED. Einstein said that at great speeds

through space, time, as we know and

measure it here on earth, would slowdown and that increasing speed through

space would slow time more and more

until at the speed of light time would stop


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altogether. Einsteins theory about time

alteration predicted that time, or the flow

of time, would be slowed down by greatspeeds through space. At some point the

media stream suggested the possibility of

TIME TRAVEL! Who of adult age has

not wondered what it would be like to go

back to the past or go forward to the

future? The mere suggestion of thepossibility of time travel ignited one of the

biggest public interest stories of all time.

People of all ages wanted to know more

about Einsteins theories and about

Einstein himself. The concept of time

travel created a frenzy of public interest

and the Media, Writers and eventually

even Hollywood, went to work to feed that

frenzy. Soon Einstein and his theories

were catapulted into world view.

Einstein became the most sought afterguest of the elite of the times. Einsteins

theories introduced new concepts into the

scientific world and changed how space


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and time were viewed. It has been more

than 100 years since the first release of

The Theory of Relativity and the debateabout some of these theories still rages on.

What kind of theories could excite the

masses of the world, Scientists and

Laymen alike, and cause a debate that

has gone on for over a 100 years and still

continues to this day with no end in sight?SPACE IS CURVED, THE SPEED OF

LIGHT IS A CONSTANT, the speed of

light is the fastest thing in the universe.

THESE ARE ONLY A FEW OF

Einsteins theories and while this work

will debate some of the theories of

relativity and put forth a few theories of

its own, keep in mind, this work is the

way I THE AUTHOR SEE IT,

UNDERSTAND IT, AND BELIEVE IT

TO BE. The matters, circumstances, andconditions to be viewed are complex at

times and confusing at other times

however; every effort to convey the


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general idea will be my priority.

Time is not a constantWe use time to schedule our activities, to

go to work and to get off work. To go to

school and to get out of school. We know

by the measure of time the minutes and

the hours, the days and the months.

People all over the world use time, or themeasure of time, practically every day of,

and in practically every facet of, their

lives. Life itself, our duration on earth,

has a general time measurement called or

known as life expectancy. The measures of

time are the most used measurements in

the world and the use of standardized

time is one of the great accomplishments

of civilization. The measure of time is so

important that mankind has gone to great

lengths to find ways of measuring it. Inancient times sun dials were used to

measure the days but the length of day

light changes with the seasons and sun


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dials were useless at night. A number of

time measuring means and devices were

used or experimented with untileventually and not really all that long

ago the clock was invented. Just as a

ruler , yard stick, or tape measure

measures specific lengths or distances

such as yards, feet and inches a clock

measures specific lengths or segments oftime such as hours, minutes and seconds.

Inventors and shop smiths of that era

built elaborate mechanical clocks to

measure time. Clocks were improved

through the years and eventually stream

lined and made in great numbers. These

clocks were good time measuring devices

but they too had limitations. While they

were reasonably accurate they were not

exact and they were not reliable for

prolonged periods. Something more wasneeded, something that was highly

accurate for very long periods and

something scientists could use in special


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experiments to accurately measure

infinitesimally small segments of time.

When the atomic clock was invented iteasily accomplished all of these goals. The

hydrogen maser clock runs 5 years on one

liter of liquid hydrogen, and is for all

practical purposes exact in its measure

of time and can accurately measure as

little as one trillionth of a second. Theatomic clock not only allows scientists to

accurately measure their most sensitive

experiments it also allows us to

standardize time so that everyone around

the world, after adjusting for their

position on earth time zone ,are in

accordance with everyone else. It was

inevitable that the atom, the rate the atom

spins, would be found and used as the

bearer of time. The definition of time

the rate work is done, energy is expended,or change occurs: is the same as the

definition of an atoms spinning speed

the rate an atom does work, expends


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energy, or incurs change. Regardless of

how it came about or whether it was

understood at the time, Scientists didntjust find the perfect time piece they found

THE ROOT OF TIME. The atom the

work it does, the energy it expends, and

the change it incurs as it spins IS THE

FLOW OF TIME. Everything, whether it

is of a combination of atoms, a singleatom, a small piece or pieces subatomic

particle or particles of the atom, a force

or wave energy of or from the atom,

everything is of the atom. TIME IS OF

THE ATOM.

ATOMS :are tiny little balls of super

energy. They consist of many bound up

energies that are locked together, one

inside the other, in constant spinning

motions. They are much like a bunch of

different sized winding springs in a clockand like a wound up clock the atom

releases its wound up, bound up, energy

by spinning. There are many different


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kinds of atoms although they all have a

main body at their center called a

nucleus. Atoms, depending on what kindthey are, may have one or many electrons

an infinitesimally small electrically

charged particle spinning being

pushed or pulled around the nucleus,

which is also spinning within itself in

many different individual spins all at thesame time. The spins have a gearing ratio

between them that is specific to that exact

particle, atom or group of bonded atoms,

and the particle, atom or group of bonded

atoms unwinds in direct correlation to its

gearing. The atom spins at an

approximate atomic speed. It is

approximate because there are

circumstances and/or conditions that can

alter both the atoms spinning speed

and/or its gearing ratios. when it spinsslower it releases energy slower. If the

rate the atom spins dose work, expends

energy, or incurs change is the root of


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time, and it is, then would slowing down

the spin of the atom slow down the

measure of time? Thats exactly whatEinstein hit upon with his mathematical

calculations and thats what he was

implying by his theory time is not a

constant. Einsteins Equations showed

him that at tremendous speeds through

space the atoms spinning speed wouldslow down and that time as we know and

measure it here on earth, would slow

down in direct correlation with it. [ I

pause here to inform the reader that I

have never read a full copy of the theory

of relativity or the special theory of

relativity myself only pieces here and

there so I can not say with certainty that

Einstein used the atoms rate of spin as

part of his time alteration calculations,

although I would think that he wouldhave had to, the energy equation E=MC2

bares out that his perspective of atomic

speed was a big part of his train of


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thought ] Typical logic of day to day living

here on earth would tell us that time is

time regardless of where we go or how weget there. Einsteins calculations kept

telling him that, no, time is L at this speed

but becomes Y at another much greater

speed. As will be seen there is much more

involved in the spin of the atom than just

time although for now it is necessary tounderstand how and why speed CAN

slow down the atom and there-by slow

down time.

Centrifugal force

Centrifugal drag

The basic definition of centrifugal force is

the force repelling a body away from the

axis around which it rotates or away from

the center of curvature of a curved path.A merry-go round produces centrifugal

force when it spins around. Anyone sitting

on the seat of a merry go round when it is


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spinning reasonably fast will feel an

outward pull as if they are being pulled

away from the center of the merry-goround. The force they feel pulling them is

centrifugal force. The amount of

centrifugal force that a spinning body

generates depends on three factors

:Radius, Mass and Revolutions per

minute R.P.M.s. Each one of thesefactors has its own specific effect on both

how, and, how much centrifugal force is

produced. Different mixtures of these

factors are used in different designs to

achieve specific goals. Centrifugal force

resists location change, that is, a spinning

body that is producing centrifugal force

acts to hold the position of its spinning

path. A gyroscope is designed on this

principle. Gyroscope type directional

devices are used in aircraft and othertypes of craft because they act to hold

their position regardless of the change in

the direction or position of the craft.


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When a spinning body that is producing

centrifugal force is forced to change

position or location of its spinning path aresisting force known as centrifugal drag

occurs. Centrifugal force spinning

matter with momentum resists linear

motion by way of centrifugal drag. The

spinning propeller of a propeller driven

airplane creates a considerable amount ofcentrifugal force as it spins. Centrifugal

drag, due to the fast spinning propeller,

starts to occur as soon as the plane starts

to move. There is considerable centrifugal

drag when the plane speeds forward in

flight. Centrifugal drag acts to hold the

plane back like a brake, it also acts to

slow the propellers spin down due to the

continuous change in the spinning blades

path of momentum. The air thrust of the

spinning propeller over comes thepropellers centrifugal drag and the

engine works harder to over come the loss

of propeller spinning speed that would


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other wise occur, however, even though

the plane will fly, the force of centrifugal

drag that is occurring during flight stillholds the plane back a considerable

amount. Centrifugal drag increases with

both increase in centrifugal force and/or

with increase in the change of the

spinning path of momentum. Simply put

if the propeller spins faster it wouldcreate more centrifugal force and moving

this force forward at a faster speed

more or faster change in the spinning

path of momentum would create more

resistance in the form of more centrifugal

drag. These circumstances create an

impasse that limits the speed of propeller

driven aircraft. It would be like trying to

pull or tow a car faster and faster by

pressing the gas more and more while the

person in the car being towed is pressingthe brakes harder and harder as you

gained speed. A stronger engine, a lighter

blade, or a different pitched blade may


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raise the limit some but there would still

be a limit at some point where centrifugal

drag collided with and equaled thepropulsion force. Airplanes also

experience air drag, both centrifugal drag

and air drag hold the plane back and both

whether simultaneously or individually

will inevitably, At some point, cause a

speed impasse. The fast spinning turbineof a jet engine creates a considerable

amount of centrifugal drag during flight.

Super sonic jets fly faster by eliminating

most of this turbine generated drag. You

can witness the struggle between these

forces in a typical home fan. Turn the fan

on high. Once the fan blade comes to full

speed full momentum turn the fan side

to side in a fast manner. The centrifugal

force generated by the spinning blade

resists your turning movement. As youover power this resistance you feel the

force of centrifugal drag. You can hear

the blade slow down and you can hear the


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fans motor pull harder as it tries to

compensate for the loss of momentum.

Centrifugal force is the out ward pullexerted by a rotating body with

momentum. Centrifugal drag is the

resisting brake like force that occurs

when a spinning body with momentum

centrifugal force is forced to change its

path of spin. The atom creates centrifugalforce due to its many spinning parts

therefore moving the atom through space

changing the path of momentum of the

atoms spins would cause centrifugal

drag to occur. However: we do not

witness the centrifugal forces of atoms in

our daily lives not that we recognize as

such because atoms have a unique, and

somewhat, bizarre mix of centrifugal

force factors. The individual spins of an

atom have an infinitesimally small radiusand an infinitesimally small mass

however their spinning rate is one of the

fastest in the universe. Due to this mixture


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of centrifugal force factors in the atom

particle, etc. there is no measurable

centrifugal drag under normal or typicalearthly conditions due to movement

linear motion. however at a yet

unspecified extreme speed through space

centrifugal drag, due to atom generated

centrifugal forces, would start to occur

and would increase thereafter with anyadditional speed gain. Just as Einsteins

calculations bore out, at extreme speeds

through space the atoms spins would be

effected and slowed by the force of

centrifugal drag that would occur. While

the centrifugal force factors of the atom

are unique the resistance that occurs at

great speed due to centrifugal drag are

not. There are many circumstances where

resistance of some type occurs in

conjunction with speed. It is common formost types of motion resistance to

virtually disappear at low speeds. The

holding back, brake like effect of


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centrifugal drag is very similar to WIND

RESISTANCE . At very low speeds there

is no registrable wind resistance. Forexample: a garden variety snail moves

across the ground so incredibly slow that

wind resistance is not a factor. If you

added up the wind resistance a crawling

snail would encounter in a yard of travel,

eliminated any wind resistance caused byinfluences other than the snails movement

such as blowing wind etc.. the

resistance would be difficult if not

impossible to accurately measure because

it would be so incredibly small. A similar

example, and one that is easier to relate

to, is this: on a day when the wind is dead

still put your arm out the window of a car

that is traveling at one half a mile per

hour. You will not feel any wind

resistance. One mile per hour? Not yet;Above one mile per hour you may feel

something. At 10 miles per hour you

would feel a definite breeze. If cars were


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never driven faster than 10 miles per hour

wind resistance would not be an

automotive design consideration. Windresistance acts the some way as

centrifugal drag, it acts like a brake and

holds the car back. The faster a car

travels the more wind resistance there is.

Since cars do travel much faster that ten

miles per hour, and at greater speedswind resistance becomes an important

consideration, new car designs are tested

for drag efficiency wind drag efficiency

. at perhaps 20 miles per hour, wind

resistance holds the car back just a little.

At 50 to 60 miles per hour wind resistance

holds the car back a considerable amount,

the cars motor works a little harder and

uses a little more fuel to overcome the

drag brake like effect of wind

resistance. By designing and testing carsfor wind drag efficiency automobile

manufactures can build cars that over

come as much wind resistance as possible


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by giving them a good aerodynamic

design. With less wind resistance to

overcome a car can gain speed faster andget better gas mileage. At 100 miles per

hour wind resistance is very strong. If you

put you arm out the window at such a

speed it would blow back violently, so

violently that if you were not prepared

you could be injured. Some drag racerscan now reach more than 300 miles per

hour in a quarter mile distance. Thats

extremely fast. They must overcome many

obstacles to achieve such speeds. One of

these obstacles is wind resistance. Could

you imagine sticking your arm out at 300

miles per hour? Not a good idea. At that

speed wind resistance is incredibly

strong . Airplanes are designed to be wind

drag efficient, they can travel much faster

because they travel way up high wherethere is less air and therefore less air

resistance air drag. Since boats and

submarines travel through water, which is


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much denser and much heavier than air,

they must overcome great water drag

resistance. A fast submarine may travel25 miles per hour, a racing boat may

travel as fast as 200 miles per hour. All of

these methods of travel face some form of

resistance and all have limitations or

boundaries due to the growing or rising

resistance that occurs with speed increase.Spacecraft that go out of our atmosphere

and reenter have to deal with air

resistance when they reenter, so they too

have limits and boundaries as to how fast

they can reenter. One percent of 25

M.P.H. fast submarine is .25 M.P.H. /

one percent of 200 M.P.H. racing boat

is 2 M.P.H., one percent of 300 M.P.H.

drag racer is 3 M.P.H., one percent of

1500 M.P.H. fast public airline jet is 15

M.P.H., one percent of 17000 M.P.H.possible spacecraft reentry speed is 170

M.P.H.. while these speeds are not the

highest possible speeds for such craft they


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do get near or border the speed where air

or water drag starts to become a serious

speed limiting consideration. It is easy tosee that the drag resistance that would

occur at one percent of these same speeds

would be irrelevant and, in some

instances, almost none existent. One

percent of the speed of light is over

6,ooo,ooo M.P.H.! This extreme speedwould cause centrifugal drag to occur in

the atom due to the atoms many

centrifugal force producing spins.This

drag effect amongst other things

would slow the spins of the atom and

would there-by slow time in direct

proportion to the degree of speed

generated centrifugal drag. The question

now is at what speed would centrifugal

drag begin to occur or become significant

enough to cause a noticeable ormeasurable effect? That speed is an

important speed for several reasons. We

dont see comets of asteroids flying or


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moving through space at the speed of

light or even one percent the speed of

light. Why!!! Because of the brake likeeffect of centrifugal drag that would

occur in the atom at those speeds. The

speed where centrifugal drag started to

occur, to a noticeable or measurable

degree, would not only be the point where

time would start to become noticeablyaltered it would also be the point where

the brake like effect would start to occur.

Yes, it is like THE SPACE SPEED

LIMIT. Any object in space, such as an

Asteroid, Comet, Planet, etc., that

traveled faster than this drag speed

where centrifugal drag became a factor

would experience an atom generated

brake like drag. Lets say for example

an asteroid was traveling through space

at a speed higher than this drag speed andit was gradually slowing down. We would

know by this evidence that the asteroid

has been thrown or pushed beyond the


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drag speed by a powerful force a fast

spinning planet with a strong

gravitational field can grab and sling anasteroid at great speeds much like a

spinning car tire throws rocks and deep

space explosions can blow or push

asteroids at great speeds and that

centrifugal drag generated by the atoms

that make up the asteroid are nowslowing it down an asteroid moving a lot

higher than drag speed would be slowing

down at a faster rate than one moving

only a little higher would be because the

faster an object goes beyond drag speed

the more drag it will generate. If an

asteroid was traveling faster than drag

speed and was gradually gaining speed we

would know that it was being influenced

by gravitational pull and was either being

pulled into an orbit around a Planet orSun or was being pulled into a Planet,

Sun, or Black Hole. If the asteroid was

traveling faster than drag speed and


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steadily continued without slowing down

or speeding up we would know that it is

most likely caught up in the orbit of aPlanet or a Sun and is being swept around

the spinning Planet or Sun by a

gravitational field. This SPACE SPEED

LIMIT would help us better understand

and decipher some of the mysteries of

deep space and it would tell us at whatspeed time would start to be altered by

speed itself. What is the space speed

limit??? We have volumes of information

on the speed of bodies moving through

space. If we dont already have this speed,

probably listed as some speed- space

variable, It wont be hard for the

scientists to find or estimate and they are

the ones that will have to tell us!

Years ago there was an experiment done

to test Einsteins time theory time is nota constant. An atomic clock was placed

on a jet . The clock on the jet was

synchronized with an atomic clock on the


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ground before the jet took off. The jet

took off and flew at top speed for several

hours. When the jet landed the time onthe two clocks was compared and a very

small difference was seen and recorded.

The difference in the two clocks was very

small because the speed of the jet in

comparison to the speed of light was very

small [as will be seen other factors werealso at work, how much of the effect of

slowing the atom, and there-by time,

down was due to other factors is not

known however at least some degree of

the slowing effect was due to speed]. The

experiment showed that speed will slow

the atom and there-by the measure of

time as compared to the standard

measure of time. Would slowing the atom

down really slow down time as we know

it? Everything is of the atom, slow theatom down and everything pertaining to

the slowed atom slows down with it.

Hollywood has shown us space craft


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flying through space at the speed of light,

or faster, while the ships crew walked

around carrying out their daily routines.Einsteins equations said that at the speed

of light time would completely stop.

Would the crew come to a complete halt,

as if frozen in time if time was stopped?

Lets examine this with an imaginary

postulation: We are in the distant future,mankind has accomplished the ability to

freeze people solid and then unthaw them

at a later date and bring them back to life.

Mankind has also gained the ability to fly

through space at the speed of light. Now

our experiment- two brothers Joe #1 and

Joe #2 are identical twins. Joe #1 is frozen

rock solid at the same instant Joe #2

reaches the speed of light in a space ship.

Joe #1 remains frozen for 50 years, Joe #2

journeys through space at the speed oflight for the same 50 years. After 50 years

pass Joe #1 is unthawed and brought

back to life at the same time the space


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ship with Joe #2 in it lands. The two

brothers meet and shake hands, neither

man has aged a day. If you ask the 2bothers did they time travel both would

answer yes. If you ask the scientists who

had grown old watching and monitoring

the 2 brothers they would say no, that the

brothers had only went through a

procedure where all atomic processes hadbeen halted and that they were both

accounted for every minute of the entire

50 years. Did the Joe brothers time

travel? That depends on who you ask but

lets go on for a moment, both brothers

experienced a circumstance where the

processes of both aging and growth were

halted. Joe #2 was traveling at the speed

of light, that means In Principle that

the spins of the atoms in his body were

stopped. What about Joe #1? Whatstopped the atoms in his body? Are there

other circumstances and/or conditions,

other than speed, that can alter time? The


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Joe brothers postulation was only a what

if scenario, We cant freeze people and

bring them back to life, we cant travel atthe speed of light ,and it is highly unlikely

that all the spins of the atom could be

completely stopped, but it is true that

both extreme cold and extreme speed

through space will slow the atoms

spinning rate down although, indifferent ways and by different means .

YES ! There are other circumstances and

conditions that can slow the atoms

spinning rate down and there-by slow

down time as we know it, there are also

circumstances and conditions that can

speed up the atoms spinning rate

There-bye speeding up time as we know

it! Weve been looking at the speed of

light and how speed might slow time

down for 100 years and all that timeweve been surrounded by other

circumstances and conditions that can

slow down or speed up time. Any


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circumstance or condition that can slow

down or speed up the rate that an atom

releases energy spins in effect slowingdown or speeding up time in the atom, or

atoms, that are effected. SPEED

extreme traveling motion as in speed

through space can slow down the atoms

spins, TEMPERATURE can both slow

the atoms spins down cold or speed theatoms spins up hot. PRESSURE can

speed up high pressure or slow down

low pressure or a vacuum the atom.

Friction speeds up the atom. CHEMICAL

REACTIONS can both slow down and/or

speed up the atoms spins . The absorption

or partial absorption of out side sources

of energy such as light particles,

radiation, microwaves, sound waves , and

other particle and wave energies can

speed up and sometimes in counterfrequencies slow down the atoms spins.

Gravity effects the atoms spinning rate.

Are there other circumstances and


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conditions that effect the atoms spins and

there-by alter the measure of time??? The

atom releases a number of different formsof energy as it spins. The faster it spins

the more energy it releases, the slower it

spins the less energy it releases. One form

of energy that is generated by the

spinning atom mostly due to inner

friction is heat energy. The faster anatom spins the more heat and other

energies it will generate and put off, the

slower it spins the less heat and other

energies it will generate and put off.

Therefore temperature is at least one way

to estimate or measure the spinning speed

of the atom.

GEARING

All atoms have spinning parts, the size

and number of its spinning parts dictates

the gearing and the speed that each partspins and therefore the kind of atom it is.

The different sized pieces of the atom spin

at different speeds. Each piece or part is


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held in place by the others and each piece

or part spins in a gearing ratio with the

others. It is similar to the gears of astraight shift automobile transmission.

Inside the transmission there are several

round gears, For example, while one gear

turns one round another gear turns two

rounds and another turns 3 while yet even

another turns four rounds. Theseindividual gears are locked in an exact

gear ratio by metal and bearings. Another

example would be a car traveling down

the road with a small diameter tire on the

front and a large diameter tire on the

back. The small tire on front would be

turning round and round faster or more

times than the large tire on the back but

both the small diameter tire and the large

diameter tire would be spinning out the

same amount of feet per second ofhighway. If there was a white spot on the

outer edge of both tires it would be easy to

see that the small tire turns more rounds


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than the large tire even though the dots

on both tires are traveling at the same

speed. If you forced all or any two of thegears in the transmission to turn the same

number of revolutions the transmission

would break into one or more of its parts.

If you forced the large diameter tire and

the small diameter tire to turn the same

number of revolutions there would besmoke from the burning rubber from the

tires as the car went down the highway.

The transmission has no margin for

change in its gearing. The gearing ratio of

the tires can be altered but with the

consequence of rapid tire ware, damage

or destruction. The gearing ration of the

atom is not as strict, it is alterable but it

too has limitations. The number of

different moving parts of the atom

dictates its gearing and there-by thespecific order of the way its different

parts unwind. The gearing of the atom is

changed if the atom bonds with another


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atom. Both the gearing and the speedat

which the atom spins gives the atom its

specific properties, if you change theatomic gearing the circumstances and

conditions afore mentioned can also

change the atoms properties you change

the properties of the atom . when atoms

bond together they share at least one

spinning part or spinning sphere. Ahydrogen atom is a gas, an oxygen atom is

a gas but when two hydrogen atoms bond

with one oxygen atom the three atoms

become a water molecule which has very

different properties than any of the single

atoms had by themselves. Changing the

gearing of the atom alters both the

spinning speed and the variation of the

atoms spins. This most often changes the

properties of the atom a considerable

degree. All the different elements atomshave there own gearing, when any atom

combines or bonds with other atoms they

create a different gearing depending on


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which particular atoms they are. All the

many different materials around you, the

metal, plastic, glass whatever it is, is whatit is because of its specific gearing and

spin. Speeding up or slowing down the

spinning speed of the atom can cause

atoms to bond together or cause atomic

bonds to break apart depending on the

type of atoms that are involved and to thedegree they are slowed down or speeded

up. When we cook food the heat that we

use both breaks some atomic bonds in the

food apart and causes some atomic bonds

to occur. When we cook food we are

speeding up the atoms in the food, when

we freeze food we are slowing down the

atoms in the food. However: putting a

steak on the table and leaving it there for

days does not cook it, no matter how long

we leave it there and allow the atoms tospin. Food taken fresh from the garden

does not taste the same after it has been

frozen. One reason is because of the


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making and breaking of atomic bonds

that occurs during the heating or freezing

process, another reason is that the atom,its individual spinning parts, whether due

to temperature, friction, gravity, or speed

through space, can not be speeded up or

slowed down uniformly. Some spins will

always speed up spin faster of slow

down spin slower more than others.This causes at least some gearing change

between the individual spins. The atom

acts, reacts or behaves one way in a

specific rate of spin but alters with change

in any direction. Things as we know them

on earth occur in one time dimension our

own 24 hour day 60 second minute and 60

minute hour. To change the rate the atom

spins is to change time and to alter time

very much either way changes everything

with it in accordance to the degree ofchange. We, as living beings here on

earth, have a very small time dimension

window our bodys have a built in


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heating and cooling system to keep us in

our best time rate dimension for life is

very fragile to spin rate or time rate butaround us there are many different

dimensions. In the water we drink, the

materials we make, and in the rocks we

climb. They are dimensions of different

atomic spin rates and different gearings,

not unseen universes or unearthly worldsbut different gear locked DIMENSIONS

OF TIME. There are many different

kinds of atoms and each one has a slightly

different set of centrifugal force factors.

These factors would dictate both how

much and at what speed through space

centrifugal drag would start to occur.

These same factors would also dictate

how much each specific kind of atom

would be effected by other circumstances

and or conditions that would slow downor speed up the atom. Each different

method circumstance and/or condition

that alters time the atoms spin rate


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effects the different individual spins of the

atom in a different way. Heat and friction

both speed up the atom but heat aloneeffects the atom more evenly or uniformly

while friction has a greater effect on the

atoms outer most spins. Regardless of

which method is used, whether to speed

up or slow down the atom, each method

will have a slightly different effect onhow it slows down or speeds up the

different individual spins of the atom.

Beer brewed at a certain temperature for

a certain length of time tastes one way,

change the temperature or the length of

brewing time and the beer will taste

different. Things only happen onespecific

way in one specific dimension of time,

change the spinning rate and thus the

atoms formula of gearing ratios of spins

and you change everything elseaccordingly with it. All atoms have many

spinning parts. It is the spinning motion

that generates centrifugal forces with in


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the atom and the bigger the atom larger

mass and the larger the diameter

bigger radius the more centrifugal dragit will encounter and the sooner or the

lower the speed where centrifugal drag

will begin to occur. All atoms would

experience this drag effect at some point

of acceleration through space. The

difference in the speeds between where asmall atom and a large atom are effected

by centrifugal drag is not very wide and

atoms, the bonds between the atoms

parts, are very strong. The chance of an

atom being propelled through space fast

enough to be pulled apart by the uneven

brake like affect of centrifugal drag is

unlikely, however: the bonds between

atoms where one or more atoms bonds

with other atoms is not as strong so at

extreme speeds through space molecules,a group of bonded atoms, could on

occasions be pushed, pulled, or blasted

fast enough through space to break


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atomic bonds between them. All atoms

and, to a smaller degree or amount, all

particles individual building blocks ofthe atom will experience centrifugal

drag albeit at different speeds through

space. Sub-atomic particles with a much

smaller mass and radius would have a

higher speed limit or point to where the

brake like effect would begin to occur. asmall group of particles in the light

spectrum avoid most centrifugal drag

because of the particular way they spin,

ironically the way they spin gives them a

propulsion force that speeds them

through space at sometimes more than

186,000 miles per second.They are

literally self powered propulsion engines

because of the unique way they spin,

these particles experience only a very tiny

amount of centrifugal drag. However:they are subjected to the slowing down or

speeding up circumstances and or

conditions just as other particles or atoms


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are albeit to a much smaller degree. As

they travel through space they travel

through a wide variety of changingcircumstances and/or conditions therefore

their speed thru space slightly varies

accordingly, sometimes faster sometimes

slower . The spinning speed of the atom

and time are the same thing. Water in a

very slightly slowed time dimensionbecomes a solid, steel in a slightly speeded

up dimension of time becomes a liquid.

Different time altering circumstances

and/or conditions effect particles, atoms,

and molecules in a different way because

they effect the individual spins differently

therefore things only happen one way

under any one set of circumstances and/or

conditions time dimension and happen

another different way under different

circumstances and/or conditions timedimensions . The more or bigger the

change in the time variance the more

noticeable the change in the properties of


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the atom. Another important point that

pertains to the spinning speed of the atom

is atomic bonding. Atoms, all atoms andfor that matter, to a much lesser degree,

all particles, have energy bands around

them that are like an unseen magnetic

electrical circle. They may have only a

few or many different circles of energy.

These energy circles will be at differentdistances from the atom, much like a bulls

eye or dart board, each circle gets a little

larger. Usually the inside circle, the one

nearest the atoms nucleus, is the strongest

each additional circle most often gets a

little weaker with the outer most circles

being the weakest. These energy circles, if

they are strong enough, hold an electron

in orbit around the atom. When atoms

bond together they come close enough

together to share their outer most energycircle and may share an electron or

electrons along with it. Atomic bonding of

many types occurs naturally many others


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are man made or induced by mans

technology. The science of chemistry is

the science of atomic bonds. While manyatomic bonds occur naturally, mostly by

way of heat, cold, pressure or friction ,the

circumstances that cause atoms to bond

are complex. One of these circumstances

is the spinning speed of the atoms

involved in the bonding process, anotheris creating the right gearing between the

atoms that are bonding. Smaller atoms

with a shorter circumference spin spin

around more times than larger atoms and

would appear to be spinning much faster

than larger atoms even though there

spinning speeds are very near the same

think small diameter, large diameter car

tires; same feet of highway per second

while the small tire turns more turns.

Whether one is slowed down enough orthe other speeded up enough or both

occur at the same time, when the right

speed and other circumstances come


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together to create the correct gearing

between the atoms involved atomic

bounding can occur. A chart telling theapproximate speed of the elemental atoms

would be very helpful in the field of

chemistry. Such a chart would help us to

dial in the desired properties of a material

to be made. Clear glass as strong as steel,

a super strong metal only slightly heavierthan air, the possibilities are staggering

however it would be a great task. The

atom spins far to fast for us to accurately

measure. The hydrogen maser clock can

measure one trillionth of a second and in

that length of time the atom may spin

billions of times. We can only estimate the

atoms speed but that would be a start and

since so many things are relevant to the

spin of the atom it would be a great start.

GRAVITY


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Dear reader: I have not put much time

into the study of gravity, however one

thing stands out. The circling bands aforementioned. All matter has these energy

bands, they are present in all matter, be it

particles, atoms, molecules etc.. Some

bands are detectable while others are not.

These bands are always there. In order

for an atom to hold an electron in its orbitit must have MORE than enough energy

in that band, that is to say with only just

the exact amount of energy needed to

grab an electron any slight bump or pull

would tare the electron loose from its

orbit . Some atoms may have 2 electrons

in one of their orbits if they do they have

a little more than enough to hold both

electrons in orbit. These bands, whether

from a particle , atom, etc., will pull at

electrons, and other particles and thenucleus of other particles or atoms. This

pull is incredibly weak however it is

accumulative and far reaching, and too


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there are off sets such as electron to

electron for they push each other away .

With or without electrons all matter, willhave at least some amount of pull to other

matter due mostly to these energy bands.

With the same mind set of energy bands,

Planets, Solar Systems and the Universe

itself has these energy bands. It is

believed that matter, an asteroid, moon,or planet, caught in the gravity of a

turning planet, Sun etc. orbits because it

is caught at an equilibrium distance, the

place where gravitational pull equals the

opposing pull of centrifugal force that is

caused by the motion of the matter being

twirled around the planet in an orbit.

This is false for the same reason that an

atom must have more than enough energy

in a band to hold an electron in its orbit.

The equilibrium between the pull ofgravity and the opposing pull of

centrifugal force is not sustainable,

inevitably one or the other will over come.


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If these were the only factors moons and

planets would either be pulled into the

planet or sun they orbit or be thrown outinto space. Just like an atom all matter

has energy bands, the larger the

accumulation of matter the larger the

band. Moons, planets, and stars all have

energy bands and these bands are the

hidden forces that sustain orbits.They keep or help to keep moons, planets

and stars in an orbiting path. Our earth

has a reasonably narrow band so our

moon does not come to far in or go to far

out as it orbits. Saturn has a fairly wide

energy band that is easily evidenced by its

wide ring of orbiting dust and other

matter. Our sun has at least one very wide

ring as is witnessed by the egg shaped

orbit of mars and our galaxy appears to

have one constant far reaching seeminglyendless band this is not to say that

centrifugal force coupled with gravity and

the distance of equilibrium would not


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cause an orbit thats exactly what causes

an orbit however this type orbit could not

be sustained without a strong enoughenergy band, the matter being orbited

would inevitably either be pulled in or be

thrown out of orbit. It is striking how

repetitive matter is, how the spinning

subatomic particles combine to make an

atom often complete with an orbitingelectron moon, how our sun is yet

another bigger copy of a large atom with

many bands of electrons planets. there

are many differences however most

differences seem to be Mathematical. It is

believed by some that atoms are forever

but like a wound up clock spring particles

and atoms do eventually wind down by

way of energy exchanges of various kinds.

Do gamma rays high energy particles

that travel through space at light speedeventually unwind to a lower energy level

and become photons light particles ?

could it be that the radio wave static that


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we detect from the farthest reaches of

space is not the edge of the big bang as is

widely believed but is instead the farthestreaches that the speedsters of space can

travel before running down and

degrading into radio waves? It is at least

a good possibility and seems to be the

most logical explanation. Where does

matter come from? Again the most widelyexcepted theory is that long ago there

was nothing then a tremendous explosion

occurred and all matter was created, this

explanation is called the big bang theory.

Thanks to the Hubble space telescope and

to others like it we can view vast distances

into space. Numerous explosions,

tremendous explosions, have already been

seen and recorded. We can see distance

stars and galaxies. Like the many pieces

of a puzzle the pieces paint a picture.Matter, all matter, has a particular set of

rules . This rule book is called physics.

Matter eventually comes together, defuses


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or degrades into other kinds of energy. A

theory is an explanation of the way

something appears to be according to theinformation available at the time.

Advancing technology and new

information often gives rise to new

theories and new ideas, old theories that

no longer fit the new information are

sometimes replaced with new theoriesthat do. Our space eyes have given us

many pictures of deep space, images of

our galaxy and of others far away. There

is space debris of both solids and gass

that seem to litter the vastness of the

universe, star systems and asteroid belts

sprinkle the sky. Radiation of numerous

types are everywhere and great

tremendous explosions are more common

place than we thought or knew. There is

one thing in space that we know is therebecause we can not see it, that is a black

hole. A black hole is an area in space that

is completely blacked out, even the


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strongest telescopes can not see or detect

any light, or anything else coming

through this area or hole. The theory ofblack holes is that a tremendous, dense

mass in the center has such a strong

gravitational force that it pulls in

anything and everything in its vicinity.

Not even a light particle can escape its

super strong gravitational pull. From allthe images that we can see through our

powerful space eyes the universe appears

to be made up mostly of an endless sea of

galaxies which are themselves countless

stars, planets, and asteroids that twirl

around each other in a circle or simply

drift in space. Particles, those tiny

building blocks of atoms are themselves

made of even smaller little swirling balls

of magnetic electrical energy. Like a food

chain cycle that goes full circle , swirlingparticles to swirling atoms to swirling

molecules to swirling planets to swirling

stars to swirling galaxies. Could it be that


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space is a repeating cycle that goes from

producing particles of matter to atoms,

planets, stars, solar systems, to blackholes? All galaxies eventually pull in due

to accumulating mass from space and

collapse together creating an explosion or

a black hole. Where do the particles that

make the atoms come from? Do

explosions in space simply spray particlesand atoms back out into space to start the

cycle all over again? No ! Both atoms and

particles eventually unwind or by other

means degrade into other forms of energy

such as magnetic, electrical and heat

energy. So how are these forms of

energies recalled or remade? Space seems

to be made mostly of black holes albeit

black holes in different stages of

development. Our own galaxy is in a stage

of black hole development. Certain kindsor types of black holes do not have mass

at there center but are instead a very

large swirling motion in space that consist


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of electrical and magnetic energy fields

with tremendous gravitational pull. They

are shaped like a twisting tornado with abig mouth trillions and trillions of miles

wide that is funnel shaped getting

smaller and smaller until it ends with a

small tail. It pulls in all forms of energy

and matter within its vicinity and like a

tethered ball turning faster and faster asthe circle leading toward the tail twists

smaller and smaller until all the different

energies are twisted together in tiny

pieces at slightly more than the speed of

light and are cast or sprayed from the tail

into space! In this theory this kind of

black hole does not need to swallow

planets or galaxies but sometimes does so

incidentally. Would both particles and

whole atoms come out? Would the atoms

of planets or galaxies that are swallowedbe torn completely apart or would a

smaller atom be built into a larger atom

of lead or gold. Could there be two kinds


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of black holes, one with mass that very

gradually gains more and more mass

until it explodes and another with out acenter of mass that manufactures matter?

Is space curved as Einstein suggested in

his relativity theory? This implies that the

light particles we see from space may

actually be coming to us from a different

direction than they appear to be comingfrom. There is no question that space

matter can be moved about through space

like a ball in a pin ball machine however:

a light particle and other similar self

propelled particles are effected very little

by gravity, this along with the fact that

there are as many yings as yangs, as many

left pulls as right, as many ups as downs.

No doubt a small likely the small

percentage that travels near or through a

tremendously strong gravitational fieldcomes to us from a very twisted direction

but, for the most part, space is at least

pretty close to the way we view it from


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earth and although photons can be slowed

down and speeded up by the

circumstances and conditions they aretraveling through along there path, again,

except for a very small percentage that

travels through the great extremes of

space, photons give us at least a

reasonable estimate as to our distance

from planets and stars. With todaystechnology in cameras and computers it

would be easy to set up an experiment to

see any light type particles that arrive out

of place from a different direction than

the majority or out of time arrive

before or after the majority. From my

own perspective Ill leave worm holes for

little green apples. Life is exceptionally

fragile to atomic spinning speed time

dimension and there-by to the effect of

speed through space atomic centrifugaldrag. the best material we can make

could not withstand 1 percent of the speed

of light. This coupled with the fact that


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OUR ABILITIES TO MEASURE BOTH

THE SMALLEST AND THE LARGEST

AND EVEN MUCH OF THEINBETWEENS. IT IS NOT GOD BUT

MAN WHO MUST ROLL THE DICE!

COPYRIGHT 2008 BY

J. CARLTON WRIGHT

P.O. BOX 342

HOSCHTON, GA. 30548

A PAPER BACK COPY OF THIS

WORK

is available at www.e-

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