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10/19/14 7:13 PMThe world's enduring dictators: Nursultan A. Nazarbayev, Kazakhstan - CBS News
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Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev at hisswearing in ceremony in Astana, Kazakhstan, onApril 8, 2011. / GETTY IMAGES
By JOSHUA NORMAN / CBS NEWS / June 19, 2011, 8:59 PM
The world's enduringdictators: Nursultan A.Nazarbayev, Kazakhstan
Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev (C) is sworn in for a third decade in Astana on April 8, 2011. Nazarbayev,who won over 95 percent in the April 3 polls, vowed to implement reform in the face of Western criticism ofKazakhstan's democratic standards. / ALEXEY FILIPPOV/AFP/GETTY IMAGES
This is an installment in the WorldWatchseries, "The world's enduring dictators,"inspired by events in Tunisia and Egypt, inwhich CBSNews.com takes a look at themen who continue to rule their landsunimpeded by law. See a completeexplanation of the series and a list ofothers profiled here.
Nursultan A. Nazarbayev,Kazakhstan
Length of rule: 21 years. Nazarbayev was elected president of the Kazakh SovietSocialist Republic in 1990. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union and theindependence of Kazakhstan in 1991, he was re-elected president in a popular
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10/19/14 7:13 PMThe world's enduring dictators: Nursultan A. Nazarbayev, Kazakhstan - CBS News
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vote. Nazarbayev just won another five-year term in a presidential election in Aprilin which he received a whopping 95.5 percent of the vote.
Feature page: The world's enduring dictators
Most despotic acts: While its tempting to make a "Borat" reference here, theoil-rich Kazakhstan has been making moves in recent years to become a touristand economic haven in Central Asia, as well as an important player on the worldstage, despite Nazarbayev's record in office. In 2007, the U.S. State Departmentlisted a host of human rights abuses reported in Kazakhstan, and only someimprovements have been made since. Some of the abuses included: Severe limitson political freedoms and freedom of speech; detainee and prisoner abuse;arbitrary arrest and detention, particularly of government opponents; lack of anindependent judiciary; pervasive corruption; discrimination and violence againstwomen; and trafficking in persons. A recent New York Times story claimsNavarbayev's regime has been paying Washington, D.C., think tanks to issueglowing reports on the country that largely ignore its glaring shortcomings inpolitical freedom and human rights, and it also claimed that the Nazarbayevregime has even been alleged to have made illegal payments to as-yet-unidentifiedmembers of Congress seeking to gain their favor.
Outlook for change: Just before his election victory at the beginning of April,The New York Times wrote: "During a season of collapsing authoritariangovernments, Mr. Nazarbayev stands as testament to the forces protecting thestrongmen of the former Soviet states. There is no restless young elite that wantsto take over the government. Per capita GDP has increased twelvefold since 1994,and post-Soviet turmoil has left behind a craving for stability." Still, a recent feudbetween Nazarbayev and his son-in-law, Rakhat Aliyev, is threatening thecountry's stability, especially after Aliyev came out in public and said his father-in-law had essentially returned the country to the dictatorial Soviet days, callingNazarbayev "Mr. President for life."
Kazakhstan stats:
Population: 15,522,373; Kazakh (Qazaq) 53.4 percent, Russian 30 percent,Ukrainian 3.7 percent, Uzbek 2.5 percent, German 2.4 percent, Tatar 1.7 percent,Uighur 1.4 percent, other 4.9 percent; Median Age is 30.
Constitution and the Rule of Law: Republic; Everyday law based on Islamic lawand Roman law.
Economic Indicators: Overall GDP is $197.7 billion (world rank is 54); Per capitaGDP is $12,800 (world rank is 90); unemployment rate is 5.5 percent (world rankis 53.)
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10/19/14 7:13 PMThe world's enduring dictators: Nursultan A. Nazarbayev, Kazakhstan - CBS News
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Press freedom index world rank: 162
World Rulers
© 2011 CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Joshua NormanJoshua Norman is a Senior Editor at CBSNews.com.
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10/19/14 7:13 PMThe world's enduring dictators: Nursultan A. Nazarbayev, Kazakhstan - CBS News
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