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The world of
JESUS
Palestine= Place; Israel = People
Palestine name given to the Land of Canaan
by the Greeks
Has 4 main regions Galilee Samaria Judea Idumea
Homeland of Jesus born in Judea, raised in Galilee
Israel no longer a name for the land, now
for the descendents of Jacob (except for the Samaritans)
Palestine
Varied climate A lot like California Many ecosystems – coastal, valley, mountain,
desert,
Water Scarcity a serious issue now and in Jesus’ time People dug wells strict rules governed the use of water
Vegetation wide variety and abundance juniper , oak common; olive and fig trees most valuable - oil and fruit Imported plants from various conquerors
Palestine
Animals Both wild and domestic
animals were abundant Among the common wild
animals that Jesus would have know were boars, foxes, hyenas, wolves, leopards, bears, and lions.
Domestic animals included sheep, oxen, donkeys, cows, pigs, roosters, hens, geese, fish and birds.
Geographical Factions in Palestine
Judea. Region of central
Palestine
IdumeaSouth of Judea
SamariaNorth of Judea
GalileeNorth of Samaria
Food and Meals
Sharing a Meal: A Sacred Act To “break a bread” was an outward
sign of unity and friendship Sharing a meal showed that
Meat: on special occasions only considered a luxury available on a regular basis only to
the wealthy.
Staples Bread most common; then fish Fish preserved by drying and
salting fresh fish cooked over a charcoal
fire
Dinner table Meals were often eaten in the
open air and at flexible times of the day
People ate in reclining position rather than a sitting position.
ate with their hands, used bread as a “dipper” from a flattened metal cup rather than using forks, spoons, and plates.
The typical house Design and Construction
Most houses were neither large nor impressive.
The majority of the people belonged to the lower class
House- one room- divided in half with the people living on one side other room and their animals living on the other side.
Only one door Some houses were built into the side
of a hill Most houses were made of clay,
sometimes baked into bricks. Only the homes of the rich were made
of stone The roof was made of wattling- which
consisted of poles bound together by reeds and grass and then covered with earth.
People kept tools on the roof, spread lined there to dry after washing.
People often slept on roofs in hot weather
Quite common to sit on the roof during times of prayer and meditation.
Pictures are from a reconstructed village called Katzrin in modern Israel.
Common occupations Agriculture
Jewish people had a particular love for work related to earth.
Farmers Many people were farmers
and shepherds
Fishers Fishing was another
common and respected occupation.
Traders This ranges from carpentry-
trade of Jesus and Joseph- to tent making- trade of Paul.