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Open access: a funders’ perspective
Open Access Week - University of Exeter 25 October 2012
Margaret HurleyPolicies and Governance Officer
Grants Management, Wellcome [email protected]
Overview
• Topics to cover:
1. Why we support open access, the Trust’s open access policy. How to comply and measures to increase compliance
2. The OA environment
3. Europe PMC
Why did the Trust develop an OA policy?
• maximising access to outputs of research (including publications and data) is central to our mission
• in early 2000s, it became increasingly clear that traditional models of scientific publishing were not consistent with this goal
• economic analysis (including our own commissioned research) suggested alternative models were feasible
Wellcome Trust: open access policy
All original research papers - funded in whole or in part by the Wellcome Trust - must be made freely accessible from the PubMed Central and UKPMC repositories as soon as possible, and in any event within six months of the journal publisher’s official date of final publication.
Policy was introduced in October 2006.
How do researchers comply?
• Publish in either
• an open access journal
• or a ‘hybrid’ journal that makes articles freely available in return for a fee
• ‘gold open access’ model (author pays)• OR
• Author deposits final manuscript themselves (“self-archive”)
• using UKPMC+
• makes paper freely available from UKPMCafter 6 months
• ‘green open access’ model
Meeting the costs
• Open Access publishing is a legitimate research cost
• Block grant has been provided to Exeter. Contact - Douglas Thomson, Research accounts administrator - ([email protected])
• Current WT spend is around £4m per year
Compliance with Wellcome mandate?
Dec-06
Mar-0
7
Jun-0
7
Sep-07
Dec-07
Mar-0
8
Jun-0
8
Sep-08
Dec-08
Mar-0
9
Jun-0
9
Sep-09
Dec-09
Mar-1
0
Jun-1
0
Sep-10
Dec-10
Mar-1
1
Jun-1
1
Sep-11
Dec-11
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
% of papers in PMC
% of papers in PMC
Month
Co
mp
lian
ce
(%
)
New policy: measures to increase compliance
New sanctions:
1. In End of Grant Report all papers listed must be OA. If not the final payment on the grant (typically 10%) will be withheld
2. Non-compliant Trust-funded publications will be discounted as part of a researcher’s track record in any renewal of an existing grant or new grant application
3. Trust-funded researchers will need to ensure that all publications associated with their Wellcome-funded research are OA before any funding renewals or new grant awards will be activated
These measures apply to papers published from October 2009 onwards.
Open access – now specifies CC-BY
• OA policy now specifies that research, for which an OA fee is paid, must be licenced using CC-BY• Trust believes that full
research and economic benefit of published content will only be realised when there are no restrictions on access to, and reuse of, this information
• Will introduce this requirement from early 2013
Open access – key developments
• Finch report - clear policy direction in favour of an author-pays open access model for UK funded research.
• RCUK updated policy – announced in June. Introduces move towards a 6 month embargo and requirement for CC-BY licence (where and open access fee is paid). Together with providing dedicated OA funding.
• OA in Europe – European Commission will make OA to scientific publications and data a general principle of Horizon 2020.
• HEFCE support for open access - by ensuring research outputs submitted to REF (after 2014) are open access wherever possible.
Developments in OA publishing
• PLOS ONE – biggest journal on the planet• Published 14,000 articles in 2011• PubMed suggests that 15352 articles already published in 2012
• Rise of the clones• The American Society for Microbiology’s mBio• The Genetics Society of America’s G3• BMJ Open• Company of Biologists Biology Open• Nature’s Scientific Reports• Cell Press’s Cell Reports• The Royal Society’s Open Biology• SAGE Open
• Radical OA options• PeerJ….and eLife
eLife
• eLife - the new funder-led initiative supported by Wellcome Trust, Max Planck Society and Howard Hughes Medical Institute
• First articles are now live
Europe PMC
• 19 research funders supporting the running (and development) of UKPMC/Europe PMC• Includes ERC, FWF,
MRC, Wellcome• Other life science funders
interested in joining• Provides free access to
full text research publications and value-added functionality and tools to enable their use.
Conclusion
• OA is good for science, but also has tangible economic benefits
• There are costs with OA – including transition costs – but these are outweighed by the benefits
• Open access is here to stay
Further information
www.wellcome.ac.uk/openaccessOpen Access [email protected] Hurley [email protected]
