The Water Emissions Inventory, a Planning Support System aimed at reducing the pollution of water bodies

Karlsruher Flussgebietstage May 26th -27th 2011

GRETA VOS –FLEMISCH ENVIRONMENT AGENCY

http://weiss.vmm.be weiss@vmm.be

Why an emission inventory system

Project description

The concept of WEISS

Using GIS

2 Case studies

WEISS briefly stated

CONTENTS

RBD Scheldt

ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL

Natural Waterbody’s (WB)

RBD Scheldt

ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL

Artificial & strongly changed WB RBD Scheldt

CHEMICAL STATUS

Flemisch waterbody’s

No monitoring results

Conform

Not conform

2000/60/EC Water Framework Directive Objectives

Assist in establishing and implementing targeted reduction and phasing out measures regarding priority and priority hazardous substances

Assist in checking the compliance of the reduction and phasing out measures with the provisions of the WFD (art 4)

Estimate the efficiency of the RBMP Programme of Measures (PoM)

Allow the establishment of the emission trends over time and other indicators

Identify gaps in knowledge, thus the need to develop strategies/policies

Why an emission inventory?

Data for (mandatory) reporting:

Evaluation of the impact of human activity on the status of surface waters (WFD art. 5)

The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register regulation (E-PRTR)

Reporting by operators (art. 5)

Releases from diffuse sources (art. 9)

Inventory on discharges, emissions, losses (EQS Dir. art. 5)

State of Environment (SoE) assessment of Europe’s water environment (SoE emissions)

OECD-Eurostat Joint water questionnaire

Why an emission inventory?

2010 LIFE presentation 6

LIFE+ project, domain Environment Policy and Governance

Timing: 2010 – 2012

Partners: Flemisch Environment Agency

Flemisch Institute for Technological Research

Budget:

Total project budget: 980 k€

Contribution EC: 470 k€

Project description

Detailed geographical context

Project description

Local stakeholders

Policy makers, researchers, potential end-users active in: International River Basin District Scheldt International River Basin District Meuse

European stakeholders

Sister organisations of VMM in EU member states EU Directorate General Environment (DG Env) European Environmental Agency (EEA)

Stakeholders

Concept

Preliminary Requirements

Analysis

Design of Architecture

and System Core

Develop a Version

Deliver the Version

Elicit End-user Feedback

Incorporate End-user Feedback

Deliver Final

Version

Action 2 to 4

Action 5 Action 9-10

Action 6 to 8

Development of WEISS Evolutionary Delivery Model

Evaluating for the use in the own region

2012

Demonstration of the final model

End 2012

Feedback from potential users

User requirement document

Jun 2010– March 2011

Why an emission inventory system

Project description

The concept of WEISS

Using GIS

2 Case studies

WEISS briefly stated

CONTENTS

Functional scheme of WEISS

Gross

emissions

Net

emissions

No retention

calculations

Spatial distribution

of the source

Transport routes

Accounting

Functional scheme

Diffuse source: bottom-up approach Gross Emission Value

(GEV) = Emission Factor (EF)

X Emission Explanatory

Variable (EEV)

Spatial distribution

of the source

Transport routes

Accounting

Point source: known (x,y)

coordinates + measured emission

values

Sources

Water network and

groundwater

Paved and unpaved

surfaces Source

removal

Surface waters

Overflow

Treated

discharge

Rainwater

sewage

Sewer system

Not linked

to Urban

WWTP

Urban

WWTP

Untreated

discharge

Spatial distribution

of the source

Transport routes

Accounting

Private drain

Rainwater

sewage

Not linked

to Individual

WWTP

Individual

WWTP

air

soil

groundwater air

soil

groundwater

soil

groundwater

Material flow scheme

Private drain

Overflow

Treated

discharge

Rainwater

sewage

Sewer system

Source Paved and unpaved

surfaces

Not linked

to Urban

WWTP

Urban

WWTP

Untreated

discharge

Water network and

groundwater

Rainwater

sewage

Not linked

to Individual

WWTP

Individual

WWTP

air

removal

air

soil

groundwater

Surface waters

soil

groundwater

Spatial distribution

of the source

Transport routes

Accounting

2.010

509

513

613

1.014

1.146

1.648

1.733

7.952

12.774

37.226

119.695

0 20.000 40.000 60.000 80.000 100.000 120.000 140.000

overige bronnen

w assen en chemisch reinigen

gezondheidszorg en maatschappelijke dienstverlenin

chemische industrie

lekkage motorolie

textiel

vervaardiging van voedings- en genotmiddelen

hotels en restaurants

slijtage banden

huishoudens

corrosie zinken opp.

niet verklaarde vrachtnot explained

corrosion surface Zn

households

wear of tyres

hotels/restaurants

food production

textile

leakage oil

chemical industry

health care/social service

washing/chemical cleaning

other sources

soil

groundwater

9.918

2.272

3.013

3.608

4.901

6.832

8.538

8.814

13.169

17.811

38.377

29.941

0 5.000 10.000 15.000 20.000 25.000 30.000 35.000 40.000 45.000

overige bronnen

vervaardiging van voedings- en genotmiddelen

lekkage motorolie

dierlijke mest

chemische industrie

directe depositie opp.w ater

metallurgie

erosie bodem

huishoudens

slijtage banden

corrosie zinken opp.

niet verklaarde vrachtnot explained

corrosion Zn surface

wear of tyres

households

soil erosion

metallurgy

direct deposition

chemical industry

manure

leakage oil

food production

other sources < 250 250 - 500 500 - 750 750 - 1000 > 1000

Accounting

Why an emission inventory system

Project description

The concept of WEISS

Using GIS

2 Case studies

WEISS briefly stated

CONTENTS

Spatial distribution of the Source

Surface sources

Line & network sources

Point sources

Transport route from Source to Surface Water

Sewage network

Sewage treatment zones

Treatment facilities

Run-off at the earth surface

Discharge in the surface waters

Accounting for various Geographical entities

Administrative entities

Hydrologic entities

Any other spatial entity

Along water networks

Groundwater

GIS in WEISS

Spatial distribution

of the source

Transport routes

Accounting

Various GIS-modules, models and operators

Spatial distribution of the Source

Surface sources

Line & network sources

Point sources

Transport route from Source to Surface Water

Sewage network

Sewage treatment zones

Treatment facilities

Run-off at the earth surface

Discharge in the surface waters

Accounting for various Geographical entities

Administrative entities

Hydrologic entities

Any other spatial entity

Along water networks

Groundwater

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION SOURCE Point source Point source Line source Linear distribution Proportional to link characteristics Surface source Proportional distribution Dasymetric mapping Spatial interpolation Overlay analysis Spatial modelling

Spatial distribution

of the source

Transport routes

Accounting GIS in WEISS

Karlsruher Flussgebietstage May 26th -27th 2011

target group (sector) source

org

an

ic

po

llu

tan

ts

nu

trie

nts

meta

ls

oth

er

haz.

su

bst.

Consumption Wastewater from households x x x x

Dentists x

Private and public use of pesticides x

Recreation shipping x x

Industry, trade& services E-PRTR facilities (Flanders : IMJV facilities) x x x x

SME's as sector x x x

Leaching from historical contaminated

landx x

Agriculture Agricultural use of pesticides x

Use of manure on cultivated land x

Infrastructure Corrosion of building materials x

Corrosion of road infratructure x

Chemical preserved wooden constructions x x

Trafic & transport Propeller lubricants of shipping x x

Antifouling sea-vessel x x

Abration tyre x x

Abration road surface x x

leakage oil x x

Abration overhead wire x

Abration pantograph x

Atmosfheric deposition x x x

Erosion of arable and natural land x x x

Groundwater (seepage) x x x

Underwater soil x x x

Natural source (may be

influenced by human

activity)

pollutants

point

source

line

source

SPATIAL ALLOCATION SOURCE PATHWAYS ACCOUNTING

M

O

D

E

L

B

L

O

C

K

S

surface

source

sewage

system water

networks

ground-

water

direct

discharge

hydrologi-

cal

entities administra-

tive

entities surface

source

sewage

system direct

discharge

other

pathways

hydrologi-

cal

entities administra-

tive

entities other

spatial

entities

point

source

hydrologi-

cal

entities

sewage

system direct

discharge runoff

other

pathways

Why an emission inventory system

Project description

The concept of WEISS

Using GIS

2 Case studies

WEISS briefly stated

CONTENTS

Case study 1:

Emissions of heavy metals generated by the corrosion of

building materials

Functional scheme

Distribution of buildings

(1 map per type)

Gross emissions

(1 map per metal: Cu, Zn, Pb)

GEV

Step 1B: Generating gross emission maps

Source Paved and unpaved

surfaces

Water network and

groundwater

Overflow

Treated

discharge

Rainwater

sewage

Sewer system

Not linked

to Urban

WWTP

Urban

WWTP

Untreated

discharge

Private drain

Rainwater

sewage

Not linked

to Individual

WWTP

Individual

WWTP

removal

air

air

soil

groundwater

Surface waters

soil

groundwater

Step 2: Transporting emissions from source to sink

Municipality map

Catchments of Flanders

Hydrological entities

Administrative entities

Net emissions

(1 map per metal: Cu, Zn, Pb)

Any area

Step 3: Accounting of the loads

Removed

Direct losses and discharges

After individual treatment

Zone B

Zone C

UWWTP Overflow

UWWTP UTD

UWWTP Discharge

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0 0Zinc Copper Lead

To

ns

per

yea

r

Quantification of the heavy metals in the nodes of the

material flow scheme

Reduction to obtain after optimalisation of the sewer system

Planning and Policy applications

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1998 2002 2005

ton

/year

Cu

removal

net

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1998 2002 2005

ton

/year

Pb

removal

net

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

1998 2002 2005

ton

/year

Zn

removal

net

Historical analysis 1998 - 2002 - 2005

Overflow frequency 4% -> 3%

Example Scenario Analysis

Lead emission from the corrosion of buildingmaterials

Case study 2:

Atmospheric deposition of PAHs

Functional scheme

Step 1: Gross emission map

Deposition of benzo(a)pyrene on soil

Source Paved and unpaved

surfaces

Water network and

groundwater

Overflow

Treated

discharge

Rainwater

sewage

Sewer system

Not linked

to Urban

WWTP

Urban

WWTP

Untreated

discharge

Private drain

Rainwater

sewage

Not linked

to Individual

WWTP

Individual

WWTP

removal

air

air

soil

groundwater

Surface waters

soil

groundwater

Step 2: Transporting emissions from source to sink

soil

groundwater

Runoff model: runoff coefficients/LDD

Step 2: Transporting emissions from source to sink

2008 LIFE presentation 36

Step 2: Transporting emissions from source to sink

Gross emission (g/year)

LDD

Runoff coeff.

Net emission (g/year)

Municipality map

Catchments of Flanders

Hydrological entities

Administrative entities

Maps in every node of the material flow scheme

Any area

Step 3: Accounting of the loads

WEISS calculates emissions from source to sink

Making an inventory of all water pollutant sources

Monitoring and reporting

Scenario, planning and policy assessment

The strengths of the system

The explicit geographical approach

The generic character of the framework and methodology

New sources

New pathways

New pollutants

New study areas

=> “The system grows along with the data”

WEISS briefly stated … (1)

WEISS does NOT:

Involve water quality modelling in the water bodies itself;

Model physical or chemical transformation of pollutants dissolved in water while transported;

Model seasonal variations in the emissions, their transport, and accounting.

WEISS briefly stated … (2)

2010 LIFE presentation 40

WEISS LIFE+ main outputs

Website: http://weiss.vmm.be

Requirements and product specification documents

3 prototypes -> final model

Technical Documentation

Training material

WEISS briefly stated … (3)