TheWar

Betweenthe

States(Part Two)

The Strategic Balance - 1864

The Election of 1864

<= Abraham LincolnRepublican

“Stay the course”

George B. McClellan => Democrat (“Copperhead”) Immediate cease fire Peace conference

AMENDMENT XIII(Approved by Congress, Jan. 31, 1864Ratified by the states Dec. 6, 1865)

SECTION 1: Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.

Ulysses S. Grant =>(Union)

<= Robert E. Lee(Confederate)

Grant’s Strategy for 1864

1. Attack in both primary theaters simultaneously* Use North’s superiority in men & materiel to

overwhelm South * Don’t allow South time to regroup or redeploy

2. Eastern theater - drive on Richmond; force Lee to battle and annihilate his army

3. Western theater - Army sized raids to destroy logistical base and civilian morale

Major Battles, Eastern Theater 1864 - 65

1864*5 -6 May -The Wilderness

* 8 - 19 May -Spotsylvania

* 23 -26 May - North Anna

* 3 June -Cold Harbor

* Jun 64 - Apr 65Petersburg Siege

LEE

GRANT/MEADE

Western and Trans-Miss1864

Western Theater - 1865

AMERICAN DEATHS IN 9 WARS

Revolutionary War (1775-1783) 4,435

War of 1812 (1812-1815) 2,260

Mexican War (1846-1848) 13,283

Civil War (1861-1865)(estimated) 624,511

Spanish-American War (1898) 2,446

World War I (1917-1918) 110,516

World War II (1941-1945) 404,399

Korean War (1950-1953) 33,916

Vietnam War (1964-1973) 58,184

Civil War 624,511

Other 8 wars combined 629,439

Generally considered to be the first modern war

First use of railroads for strategic movementFirst use of telegraph for rapid communicationFirst mass employment of rifled firearmsFirst use of repeating riflesFirst use of machine gunFirst use of railway gunsFirst use of tinned rationsFirst combat between ironclad ships