The University of Texas at Austin Fall 2015CAEE Department, Architectural Engineering Program

Course: Energy Simulation in Building Design

Instructor: Dr. Atila NovoselacECJ, 5.430Office (512) 475-8175 e-mail: atila@mail.utexas.eduhttp://www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/Novoselac

Office Hours: Tuesday and Thursday 11:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m.

Lecture Objectives:

• Discuss syllabus

• Describe course scope

• Introduce course themes

• Address your concerns

• Heat transfer review

Introduce yourself

• Name

• Background • Academic program• Graduate/undergraduate or auditing

Motivation for learning about

Energy Simulation in Building Design

Buildings:• Responsible for ~40% of total energy consumption in U.S.

• Affect the CO2 emission

• Building energy systems with the building envelope affect:• Energy consumption – operation cost

• First cost – capital cost

• Thermal comfort and IAQ

Energy analysis for - Optimum balance between operational and capital cost

In the article an advertiser claim 30% saving on electric bill.

Motivation: Recognize inaccuracy in energy related technology statements

Energy consumption in Austin’s residential house

2000 (15,600 kWh)Including gas

CoolingMiscellaneous

Range

Dryer

Heating

Lighting

Hot water

Refrigerator

Washer

A well-insulated attic in Austin will only comprise 10% - 15% of the sensible Cooling and Heating load.

Energy target value for a new house in Austin

New single family 2262 sf, 2-story home

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

2000 2006 2010 target (2015)

Miscellaneous

Washers

Range

Refrigerator

Lighting

Dryer

Hot water

Heating

Cooling

15620 kWh

12862 kWh

11304 kWh

7086 kWh

Student interested in Sustainable Design

LEED - Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

1) LEED Certification require that building has analysis related to energy performance

2) All government buildings require energy analysis

- all new UT buildings require energy analysis

Samsung R&B Building

What is Energy Analysis ?UT Solar Decathlon House 2007

Example of energy modeling for building optimization

Design iterations to optimize shape and energy use

Solutions:

•passive shadings

•positions and area of windows

•insulation value

•tightly sealed envelope

•high-performance window

•position of solar collectors

Architectural models Energy-simulation models

Design iterations

Example of Solar Analysis for thePike Powers Commercialization Lab

Solar panels

Heat and mass transfer in buildings

Energy simulation software

Simulation SoftwareGarbage IN Garbage OUT

1. Identify basic building elements which affect building energy consumption and analyze the performance of these elements using energy conservation models.

2. Analyze the physics behind various numerical tools used for solving heat and moisture transfer problems in building elements.

3. Use basic numerical methods for solving systems of linear and nonlinear equations.

4. Conduct building energy analysis using comprehensive computer simulation tools.

5. Evaluate performance of building envelope and environmental systems considering energy consumption.

6. Perform parametric analysis to evaluate the effects of design choices and operational strategies of building systems on building energy use.

7. Use building simulations in life-cycle cost analyses for selection of energy-efficient building components.

Course Objectives

Short intro to PLUS by Leta Moser and Loren Muirhead• This course got PLUS accreditation

• Peer-Led Undergraduate Studying (PLUS) • assists students enrolled in historically difficult

courses by offering class-specific, weekly study groups.

• Students can attend any study group at any point in the semester to review for an exam, discuss confusing concepts, or work through practice problems.

• http://www.utexas.edu/ugs/slc/support/plus

Prerequisites

• ARE 346N Building Environmental Systems

• ME 320 Thermodynamics

or similar courses

Knowledge of the following is beneficial: - Heat transfer

- Numerical methods

- Programming

Textbook

Energy Simulation in Building Design

J A Clarke, 2002 (2nd Edn)

NOTE: Useful but not required !

References:

1) 2001 ASHRAE Handbook: Fundamentals.

IP or SI edition, hard copy or CD

2) Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow

S V Patankar, 1980

3) Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes

John A. Duffie, William A. Beckman, 1991

4) Design of Thermal Systems

W. F. Stoecker, 1998

Handouts

• Copies of appropriate book sections

• Book from the reference list• I will mark important sections• Disadvantage - different nomenclature and terminology

• I will point-out terms nomenclature and terminology differences

• Journal papers• Related to application of energy simulation programs

Other books for reading

• ASHRAE Fundamentals• Great and very complete reference about HVAC and heat transfer

• Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Mcqusiton, Spittler, Parker (2000) • Basic knowledge about HVAC systems

• Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer Incropera, Witt, (2001)• Excellent reference and textbook about fundamental of Heat transfer

Energy simulation (ES) software

• We are going to learn to evaluate:• importance of input data • effects of simplification and assumptions• accuracy of results

for each ES program

• We are going to talk about several most commonly used ES programs

• Concentrate on eQUEST and EnergyPlus – for projects and homework's

http://www.doe2.com/equest/ , http://apps1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/energyplus/

Why eQUEST software

• It is free - you can take it to your future company

• It has user-friendly interface

• It has built in functions for economic analyses

• It is based on well tested DOE2 ES program

There are certain limitationslimited number of HVAC system

Energy Plus

Open Studio

BEopt

Moisture related problems

Moisture transfer software

• WUFI

• http://web.ornl.gov/sci/ees/etsd/btric/wufi/software.shtml

Topics

1. Course Introduction and Background 0.5 wk2. Fundamentals of energy mass transfer 1.5 wks3. Thermal analysis of building components 2 wk4. Numerical methods 1 wk5. Fundamentals of moisture transfer 1 wk6. Energy and moisture simulation tools 1 wk7. Introduction to modeling software 1 wk8. Building envelope analyses 2 wks9. HVAC System analyses 2 wks10. Parametric Analyses 2 wks

Schedule

Test 30%

Homework Assignments 25%

Midterm Project 10%

Final Project & Presentation 30%

Classroom Participation 5%

100%

Grading

Grading

Undergraduate Graduate

> 90 A > 93 A

80-90 B 90-93 A-

70-80 C 86-90 B+

60-70 D 83-86 B

< 60 F 80-83 B-

< 80 C-, C, C+

Participation 5%

• How to get participation points• Come to class• Participate in class • Come see me in my office

Midterm Exam 30%

• October 30 (will be confirmed)

• Problems based on topics cover in the first part of the course

Homework 25%

Total 4 HW1: two parts Solar radiation problem

• HW2 & HW3: Problems related to building heat transfer modeling

• HW4: Moisture transfer

Midterm Project 10%

• Individual project

1) Use of eQUEST (or EnergyPlus) simulation tool for building envelope analysis

- Primary goal is to get familiar with the software

Final Project 30%

1) Use of simulation tool (commercially available) or your model for detail energy analysis

- Energy analysis of building envelope and HVAC systems - Problems related to your future career- Problems related to your internship

2) Problem related your future job or research - You propose

• Project seminar

Project Topic Examples • UT Solar Decathlon 2015

• Envelope

• HVAC systems

• Solar collectors

• http://www.utexas.edu/news/2014/02/17/students-compete-solar-decathlon/

• Facade Thermal Lab at UT SOA• Design and optimization of

thermal storage systems

Project Topic Example

• AEI Student Design Competition

• http://content.asce.org/studentcompetition/competition.html

Course Website

All course information:http://www.ce.utexas.edu/prof/Novoselac/classes/ARE383/

• Your grades and progress on Canvas

• Look at assignments and handout sections• Class notes posted in the morning before the class

• PLEASE LET ME KNOW ABOUT ERRORS

Units System

We will use both SI and IP unit system

• Research: SI

• HVAC industry including architectural and consulting companies IP

First part of the course more SI

Second part of the course IP and SI

My Issues• Please try to use office hours for questions

problems and other reasons for visit

• Please don’t use e-mail to ask me questions which require long explanations• Call me or come to see me

• I accept suggestions• The more specific the better

Questions ?

Assignment 0

• Your motivation and expectation

• Due on Tuesday

Review - Heat transfer

• Convection

• Conduction

• Radiation

Example Problem –radiant barrier in attic