THE UNITED STATES AT WAR

24-2

HISTORY IS MADE

In 1940, FDR pushed for a third term.

FDR broke the example by George Washington.

He won the office by his slogan, “Your boys are not

going to be sent into any foreign wars.

He won reelection very easily

LEND-LEASE ACT

Roosevelt favored the Allies

Before campaign, Winston Churchill had asked

Roosevelt for military aid, but selling supplies to

Britain would break the Neutrality Acts.

Roosevelt came to an agreement with Congress-

would sell to Britain but they had to pay in cash for

the goods.

By end of 1940, Britain was out of money in the

treasury.

LEND-LEASE ACT CON.

FDR feared that Britain would fall to the Nazis, so he asked

Congress to pass the law that he named Lend-Lease.

It allowed the United States to lend supplies to any nation

fighting against the Nazis.

Isolationist opposed the plan, stating that it would draw U.S. into

the war.

Although, most Americans favored the plan.

Lend-Lease convoys started moving across the Atlantic soon.

Then, to China and Soviet Union.

Because of the Lend-Lease, the US became known as “The great

arsenal of democracy.”

BUILD OF MILITARY

US took other precautions to the possibility of war entry.

Congress approved of the spread of the army and navy.

September 1940- passed law that enabled the first peacetime

draft.

FDR ordered the Army Air Corps to establish a African American

unit under the leader of a black officer.

A flight training program was set up at Alabama Tuskegee Army

Air Field

Later, they would make an amazing combat record

THE ATLANTIC CHARTER

In August, 1941 Churchill and Roosevelt made the

Atlantic Charter.

It stated the major goals for the postwar world.

No territorial gain & wanted the people to choose the

government they want.

Also, they wanted to make a new international group that

would be better than the League of Nations, which failed.

THE U.S. IS IN THE WAR.

It was Asia that drew the United States into the war, not

Europe.

Japan invaded French Indochina, this included Vietnam, Laos,

and Cambodia.

Roosevelt restricted exports of iron and steel to them. And the

sell of oil.

Japan then didn’t have enough fuel for their navy, so their

leaders decided on war against the U.S.

They started plans to attack.

PEARL HARBOR

“Yesterday, December 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy, the

United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by

naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.”

1. Hawaiian island of Oahu.

2. Naval, air and ground forces at Pearl Harbor

3. Destroyed almost half of the 400 aircrafts. 4. Damaged 8 battleships 5. 2 of them were beyond repair.

Almost 2,400 Americans died.

A GLOBAL CONFLICT

WWII was a greater global conflict than WWI or

any other war. Axis PowersI. Germany

II. Italy III. Japan IV. 6 other countries.

Allied Powersa) Britainb) Francec) Soviet Uniond) United States e) China f) 45 other countries

EUROPE & THE NAZIS

Early 1942, faced situations on all fronts.

Germany controlled the majority of the Western Europe

front.

Britain hadn’t fallen but it was basically powerless against

the Nazis.

In the Eastern Europe front, Nazis were deep in the Soviet

territory. Which caused the Soviet to lose millions.

Even besides that, in 1942, the Allies’ were still ‘winning’

THE SOVIET RESIST

Hitler thought that the Soviet Union would fall

quickly to him and his army.

The Germans began to advance towards Moscow,

but with the help of the Russian’s harsh winter, the

Soviet troops halted the Germans.

STALINGRAD

The Germans started another offensive in mid-

1942.

Then a major battle took place in and around

Stalingrad

The troops fought for many months, but it ended in

a very clear Soviet victory.

After the victory, the Soviet troops began to make

the Germans retreat off the Russian land.

NORTH AFRICAN TIDE TURNS

In North Africa, Erwin Rommel one of Germany’s most respective

general won a series of fast victories in North Africa.

In October 1942, British forces beat the German at El Alamein, a

battle in Egypt.

During which, the British slowly drove Rommel’s Tank Corp westward

to Tunisia.

Meanwhile, the first American troops arrived in North Africa.

They were under control of Dwight Eisenhower.

American troops occupied Morocco and Algeria.

Stuck between them, Rommel surrendered in May 1943.

JAPAN GOES THROUGH

Japanese troops took control of many countries.

1) Hong Kong2) Malaya3) Thailand 4) Burma 5) Guam 6) Wake Island 7) Dutch East Indies

(Indonesia)8) Soloman Island 9) Australia (threatened)

THE PHILIPPINES FALL

It was only hours after Pearl Harbor, the Japanese bombed the

Philippines, and the group of islands that were controlled by the U.S.

Japan’s strategy was to make most of their airplanes beyond repair.

Luzon, the most valuable island, was invaded.

Douglas MacArthur was the general at the time, and he ordered a

Filipino-American force.

As Japan moved in toward Manila, Filipino-American forces moved onto

the Bataan peninsula.

FDR then told him to go to Australia and take charge of the U.S. troops

down there.

On Bataan and Corregidor, Americans and Filipinos

made a heroic defense.

Early in March, they were the only ones fighting

against the Japanese in the Pacific.

American and Filipino forces at Bataan

surrendered on April 9.

They surrendered at Corregidor in May.

BATAAN DEATH MARCH

Here, they captured about 70,000 soldiers.

American and Filipinos prisoners were weak from

hunger, but were also forced to walk 65 miles to a

prison camp.

10,000 prisoners died of starvation, disease, or

violence.

About 15% of the prisoners.

CORAL SEA

Only after 2 major battles did the tide begin to turn in the

Pacific.

May 1942, the battle of Coral Sea was done in a new kind

of warfare.

Planes took of from the aircraft carriers and then attacked

the others ships that were far away.

Both of the Americans and Japanese lost many, but the

U.S. halted the Japanese forces from invading New Guinea.

MIDWAY

Then, in April, wanted to take Midway.

Midway was a major American military base.

4 Japanese carriers

322 aircrafts

Reduced them of highly trained pilots

After this, Japan didn’t rule the Pacific anymore.

BIB PAGE

http://www.fanpop.com/clubs/great-britain/images/1351

1748/title/great-britain-flag-wallpaper

http://the.shadock.free.fr/russian.html

http://www.themodelshipwright.com/high-resolution-shi

p-plans/cargo-ships/victory-ship-u-s-s-gage/

http://japandailypress.com/japanese-collector-set-to-reb

uild-a-wwii-hayabusa-fighter-plane-3036799/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor