The Umbrella of Irony…

The Umbrella of IronyThere are a variety of tones & attitudes that fall

under the “umbrella” of irony…

Sarcasm Satire

Epithet

Paro

dy

Sardonic VoiceBurlesque

Irony

IronyDefinition: • Language that states the opposite of the intended

meaning• A contradiction or incongruity between appearance or

expectation and reality

SatireDefinition: • A literary genre that uses irony, wit and sometimes

sarcasm to expose humanity’s vices and foibles, giving impetus to change or reform through ridicule.

• Targets something the author wants to change/correct

Juvenalian Satire Vs.

Horatian SatireJuvenalian Satire

• Harsh & bitter form

• Speaker attacks a vice and error w/contempt…aims to produce anger

Horatian Satire• Voice is indulgent,

tolerant, amused and witty

• Speaker aims to produce a wry smile

ParodyDefinition: • A form of high burlesque popular since ancient times

that imitates a specific literary work or the style of an author for comic effect, usually to ridicule or criticize that work, author or style.

• Mockery by imitation

PARODY

Parody

SarcasmDefinition: • A cutting, often ironic remark

intended to wound• Intentional derision, generally

directed at another person and intended to hurt.

• The terms comes from a Greek word meaning “to tear flesh like dogs” and signifies a cutting remark

Sarcasm…

I like you. People say I’ve got no

taste, but I like you.

If you’re one in a million, there are

six thousand people exactly like you

He was happily married

– but his wife wasn’t

I find television very

educating. Every time

somebody turns on the

set, I go into the other

room and read a book

EpithetDefinition: • Name calling• An adjective or phrase applied to a noun to

accentuate a certain characteristic

Sardonic VoiceDefinition: • A scornful, cynical or derisive voice without hope

(venting)• Scornful, mocking, cynical from the Greek Sardonios,

a poisonous plant supposed to distort the face of the eater, appearing to die laughing

BurlesqueDefinition: • A form of comedy characterized by ridiculous

exaggeration & distortion• A serious subject my be treated frivolously or a

frivolous subject seriously

IRONOMETERIrony: Language which states the opposite of intended meaning

Satire

HarsherWeaker

When identify items in the Ironometer you must learn to identify:

A. The TRUE OPINION of the author

B. The satiric voice or circumstance which the author fashions to portray THE OPPOSITE OF TRUE OPINION (creating irony)

C. What the author wants to CHANGE OR CORRECT