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The subjunctivemood
desire
wish
obligation
feeling
possibility
doubt
uncertainty obligation
impossibility
necessity
How to form the subjunctive.
Take the 3rd person plural (ils/elles form)
Remove the –ent and add the endings-e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent.
jouent perdent finissent
je joue tu perdes il finissenous jouions vous perdiez elles finissent
That was the easy bit
Irregular forms worth learning:aller aille ailles aille allions alliez aillent
avoir aie aies ait ayons ayez aient
être sois sois soit soyons soyez soient
faire fasse fasses fasse fassions fassiez fassent
falloir il faille
pouvoir puisse puisses puisse puissions puissiez puissent
savoir sache saches sache sachions sachiez sachent
venir vienne viennes vienne venions veniez viennent
vouloir veuille veuilles veuille voulions vouliez veuillent
When to use the subjunctive.
The subjunctiveis almost always introduced by que or qu’.
que qu’
When to use the subjunctive.
We call the subjunctive a MOOD not a
tense… because it is used largely to convey
judgement or attitude rather
than fact.
When to use the subjunctive.
After expressions of necessity
il faut que it is necessary thatil est nécessaire queil est urgent que it is urgent that
il faudra que
il faudrait que
When to use the subjunctive.
After expressions of possibility
il est possible que it is possible thatil se peut que it may be thatil arrive que it happens thatil est impossible que it is impossible that
When to use the subjunctive.
After verbs of desire
aimer que to like (that)désirer que to wish thatpréférer que to prefer thatsouhaiter que to wish thatvouloir que to want that
When to use the subjunctive.After verbs of permission or request
consentir à ce que to agree (that)défendre que to forbid thatdemander que to ask thatempêcher que to preventexiger que to demand thatinsister que to insist thatinterdire que to forbid thatordonner que to order thatpermettre que to allow
When to use the subjunctive.After verbs of emotion
avoir honte que to be ashamed (that)avoir peur que* to be afraid that craindre que* to fear that être content que to be happy thatêtre surpris que to be surprised thats’étonner que to be surprised thatregretter que to regret thatêtre triste que to be sad that
(* + ne)
*J’ai peur qu’il ne soit trop tard.
When to use the subjunctive.After verbs of doubt or uncertainty
douter que to doubt thatil est douteux que it is doubtful that nier que to deny that sembler que* to seem thatil est peu probable que it is unlikely thatil n’est pas certain que it is not certain that
*Il me semble que cette femme est trop naïve.
Why are these verbs in the subjunctive?Je suis heureuse qu'il soit avec nous.
Je voudrais qu'il m'écrive.Il est triste qu'il dise tout ça.Il faut que j’y aille.Je demande que tu fasses attention.Je doute que ce soit possible.Il se peut qu’elle parte avant moi.Elle avait honte que tu sois venu.Il n’est pas sûr qu’elle puisse venir.J’ai peur qu’il ne soit trop tard.
emotiondesire
emotionnecessity
demanddoubt
possibilityemotion
certaintyemotion
What do they all mean?
We use the subjunctive in English too.
God save our gracious Queen,
Long live our noble Queen
We use the subjunctive in English too.
Churchfields School End of Year Report 1985
Mathematics 45% class average 56%Set 1 of 7
Maryjane constantly undermines my belief in her ability in this subject.
It is important that she try harder.
I insist that she come to the extra lessons after school on Wednesdays to revise the work she has missed.
Miss Garwell class teacher
As the subjunctive is a little outdated it is
often replaced by the indicative.
We also use the subjunctive...
after conjunctions of time
avant que beforejusqu’à ce que until
L’enquête continuera jusqu’à ce qu’on sache la vérité.
We also use the subjunctive...
after conjunctions indicating purpose
afin que so that/ in order thatpour que so that/ in order thatde façon à ce que in such a way thatde manière à ce que in such a way that
J’écoute de la musique afin que je puisse oublier le stress.
We also use the subjunctive...
after conjunctions of condition
à condition que on condition thatà moins que unlesspourvu que provided thatsupposé que assuming thatQue.. (at beginning of sentence) whether
Que tu viennes ou non, ça m’est égal.
We also use the subjunctive...
after negative conjunctions and expressions such as
sans que withoutnon que not thatce n’est pas que it is not thatcela ne veut pas dire que this does not mean
that
Il ne voulait pas l’acheter sans que tu sois d’accord.
We also use the subjunctive...after these conjunctions
bien que althoughquoique although
de peur que (+ ne) for fear thatde crainte que (+ ne) for fear that
after conjunctions indicating fear
Bien que je mette un pull, j’ai toujours froid.
Il n’a pas demandé de peur qu’elle dise non.
We also use the subjunctive...after a superlative
C’est le meilleur James Bond que j’aie jamais vu.
We also use the subjunctive...after premier, dernier, seul, unique
C’est le seul James Bond que
je connaisse vraiment.
We also use the subjunctive...when you are talking about someone or
something which may not exist
Je cherche quelqu’un qui puisse m’aider.I am looking for somebody who can help me.
When you are looking for someone who may not exist, that indicates doubt and therefore requires the subjunctive.
Trouve le français:
1. It is the worst film I have ever seen.2. She is the nicest girl I know.3. You are the only person who knows.4. I want something which is bigger.5. I would love to meet a man who had a good sense of
humour.1) _________________________________________________________
___________________________________2) _________________________________________________________
___________________________________3) _________________________________________________________
___________________________________4) _________________________________________________________
___________________________________5) _________________________________________________________
___________________________________
Et maintenant, c’est à vous!Underline the
verb in the subjunctive in each sentence
Trouve le français:
1. It is the worst film I have ever seen.2. She is the nicest girl I know.3. You are the only person who knows.4. I want something which is bigger.5. I would love to meet a man who had a good sense of
humour.
1. C’est le pire film que j’aie jamais vu.2. Elle est la fille la plus sympa que je connaisse.3. Tu es la seule personne qui sache.4. Je veux quelque chose qui soit plus grand.5. J’aimerais rencontrer un homme qui ait un bon
sens de l’humour.
Et maintenant, c’est à vous!Underline the
verb in the subjunctive in each sentence
