WWI Notes

The students will be able to analyze the impact of the Great War on the American public by describing the reasons for U.S. entry into the War to End All Wars.

The students will be able to analyze the impact of the Great War on the American public by describing the outcomes for U.S. participation in the Great War

Objectives

January 22,1917-”peace without victory”January 31,1917-Germany announced

unrestricted submarine warfareMarch 1, 1917-Zimmerman note1st 2 weeks of March 1917-overt acts

4 unarmed U.S. merchant vesselsApril 2, 1917-Wilson asks for WarApril 6, 1917-America declares war

War By Act of Germany

“It is a fearful thing to lead this great peaceful people into war”

Woodrow Wilson, in his war message

How could the president arouse the American people to shoulder this unprecedented burden?

“ make the world safe for democracy”

Wilsonian Idealism Enthroned

Hoped to keep Russia in the warDemoralize the enemy1. Abolish secret treaties2. Freedom of the seas3. Free trade4. Reduce arms5. anti-imperialism

Wilson’s 14 Potent Points

8 million German-AmericansName changes

liberty cabbageliberty steak

Espionage Act of 1917Sedition Act of 1918

Eugene V. Debs jailed

Enforcing Loyalty and Stifling Dissent

Nation ill-equipped at the beginning of war100,000 man army-15th in the world at the

timeState control of the economy viewed with

suspicion War Industries Board

economic planningdisbanded after the warused as a model during the Great

Depression

The Nation’s Factories Go to War

“Work or Fight”powerful discouragement to go on

strikeNational War Labor Board

Taft in chargepressed employers to give raises/8hr

daydid not guarantee right to unionize

Workers in Wartime

Wartime inflation doubled prices between 1914-19206,000 strikes in the war years1919-steel strikes

250,000 men walked off the jobs30,000 African-Americans brought in to break the strike and keep the mills running

Race Riots eruptedEast St. Louis, MOChicago

15 whites died23 African-Americans

Cont’d

Economic mobilization began voluntarilyGovernment took greater control as war dragged onFood Administration-Herbert Hoover

wheatless Wednesdaysmeatless Tuesdayvictory gardens

Congress restricted foodstuffs for alcohol productionFuel Administration copied Hoover’s ideas4 liberty bond drives-2/3 of the costIncreased taxes for the rest$112 billion the final costWar Industries Board

production quotas, allocated raw materials, set prices on government purchases, railroads, time-daylight savings

Forging a War Economy

A large American force was neededConscription raised the American force

passed six weeks after declaring war18-45no subsonly people in key industries-shipbuilding337,000 escaped4,000 CO’sAfrican-Americans-”construction battalions”Women

Making Plowboys into Doughboys

Kaiser leaves GermanyArmistice-11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th

month in the year 19189 million soldiers died20 million suffered grievous wounds30 million people died from flu epidemic in

1918-1919Americans only fought 2 battles in last 2

months of warProspects of endless troops

14 points disarm Germany

Did we achieve the objectives?◦ The students will be able to analyze the impact of

the Great War on the American public by describing the reasons for U.S. entry into the War to End All Wars.

◦ The students will be able to analyze the impact of the Great War on the American public by describing the outcomes for U.S. participation in the Great War

Feelings Check

Keep reading the Treaty of Versailles Debate readings found on the class Poly Website. Due TOMORROW

Do one of the option on the passed out propaganda worksheet- Due Monday 3/16

Homework