THE STUDENT

THE STUDENT

PROTEST PROTEST

MOVEMENTMOVEMENT

& &

COUNTERCULTURE

COUNTERCULTURE

CH. 31.1CH. 31.1

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1960s youth movement

1960s youth movement

developed that challenged

developed that challenged

American politics, its social

American politics, its social

system, & values of the

system, & values of the

timetime Roots in 1950s “beat”

Roots in 1950s “beat”

movement & baby boom

movement & baby boom

generation (values gap)

generation (values gap)

Increased # college

Increased # college studentsstudents

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Students concerned about injustices in

Students concerned about injustices in

political & social issues formed the

political & social issues formed the

Students for a Democratic Society

Students for a Democratic Society

(SDS)(SDS). . Views expressed in the 1962

Views expressed in the 1962

declaration known as the

declaration known as the Port Huron

Port Huron

Statement

Statement written by written by Tom Hayden

Tom Hayden

Called for an end to apathy & urged

Called for an end to apathy & urged

citizens to stop accepting a country

citizens to stop accepting a country

run by corporations & big gov.

run by corporations & big gov.

The Students for a Democratic Society

The Students for a Democratic Society

protested the Vietnam War as well as

protested the Vietnam War as well as

issues of poverty, campus regulations,

issues of poverty, campus regulations,

nuclear power, & racism.

nuclear power, & racism.

FREE S

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A group of activists at the

A group of activists at the

University of California at

University of California at

Berkeley, led by

Berkeley, led by Mario Savio

Mario Savio, ,

began the Free Speech

began the Free Speech

Movement.Movement. Disgruntled by several

Disgruntled by several

practices at the university &

practices at the university &

staged a sit-in at the

staged a sit-in at the

administration building

administration building After some 700 protesters

After some 700 protesters

were arrested, a campus-

were arrested, a campus-

wide strike stopped classes

wide strike stopped classes

for 2 daysfor 2 days The Berkeley revolt became

The Berkeley revolt became

the model for college

the model for college

demonstrations around the

demonstrations around the

country.country.

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The counterculture was a

The counterculture was a

rebellion against the dominant

rebellion against the dominant

culture in the U.S. It was a

culture in the U.S. It was a

reaction to the 1950s

reaction to the 1950s

stereotype of the man in a grey

stereotype of the man in a grey

flannel suit who led a repressed

flannel suit who led a repressed

and colorless life (conformity).

and colorless life (conformity).

A number of young Americans

A number of young Americans

wanted to build their own

wanted to build their own

society different from their

society different from their

middle-and-upper-class

middle-and-upper-class

existence.existence.

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Some young Americans sought to

Some young Americans sought to

create their own society.

create their own society.

The The counterculture

counterculture, or hippies,

, or hippies,

were mostly white youths from

were mostly white youths from

middle-and upper-class

middle-and upper-class

backgrounds.

backgrounds. Lived a life that promoted

Lived a life that promoted

flamboyant dress, rock music, drug

flamboyant dress, rock music, drug

use, & free & independent living

use, & free & independent living

Rejected materialism & embraced

Rejected materialism & embraced

spiritualityspirituality A broad range of beliefs–including

A broad range of beliefs–including

astrology, magic, Eastern religions,

astrology, magic, Eastern religions,

and new forms of Christianity–were

and new forms of Christianity–were

popular. popular.

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Utopian ideal of living, or

Utopian ideal of living, or

the ideal of a society that

the ideal of a society that

was free, closer to nature,

was free, closer to nature,

& full of love, empathy,

& full of love, empathy,

tolerance, & cooperation

tolerance, & cooperation

Long hair, Native American

Long hair, Native American

headbands, shabby jeans,

headbands, shabby jeans,

& drugs were common

& drugs were common

Communes

Communes or group or group

living arrangements in

living arrangements in

which members shared

which members shared

everything & worked

everything & worked

together, were formed as

together, were formed as

hippies dropped out of

hippies dropped out of

societysociety One of the most popular

One of the most popular

hippie destinations was

hippie destinations was

the the Haight-Ashbury

Haight-Ashbury

districtdistrict in San Francisco

in San Francisco

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sF__TRVD3dQ

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The counterculture declined,

The counterculture declined,

as some hippie communities

as some hippie communities

became a place where

became a place where

criminal activity was

criminal activity was

common.common. Drug use declined as the

Drug use declined as the

excitement faded and as

excitement faded and as

more young people became

more young people became

addicted or died from

addicted or died from

overdoses.overdoses.

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The international fashion world looked

The international fashion world looked

to the counterculture to create new

to the counterculture to create new

fashions with more color and comfort.

fashions with more color and comfort.

During the 1960s, the distinction

During the 1960s, the distinction

between traditional art & popular art,

between traditional art & popular art,

or or pop artpop art, ended.

, ended. The new generation of music added

The new generation of music added

to the rift between parents and youth.

to the rift between parents and youth.

• The Beatles, Bob Dylan, & Janis

The Beatles, Bob Dylan, & Janis

Joplin & Jimi Hendrix

Joplin & Jimi Hendrix

Mainstream America adopted some of the Mainstream America adopted some of the counterculture ideas. As the initial shock of counterculture ideas. As the initial shock of the counterculture waned, what was once the counterculture waned, what was once clothing of defiance became mainstreamclothing of defiance became mainstream

Pop art took its subject matter from popular Pop art took its subject matter from popular culture, using photographs, comics, culture, using photographs, comics, advertisements, and brand-name products.advertisements, and brand-name products.

Long hair caused many schools to debate Long hair caused many schools to debate over the acceptable length. Eventually, over the acceptable length. Eventually, longer hair became generally accepted. longer hair became generally accepted.

Rock musicians used lyrics to describe the Rock musicians used lyrics to describe the fears and hopes of the new generation. Rock fears and hopes of the new generation. Rock ‘‘nn ’’ roll music was eventually absorbed into roll music was eventually absorbed into the mainstream. A new style of dancing the mainstream. A new style of dancing emerged from rock emerged from rock ‘‘nn ’’ roll, in which people roll, in which people danced without partners to stress their danced without partners to stress their individuality.individuality.

REVIEW: Student Protest Against VietnamREVIEW: Student Protest Against Vietnam

Prosperity 1950s Prosperity 1950s increased # college students increased # college students

Students concerned about injustices in political & social issues Students concerned about injustices in political & social issues formed the formed the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) & expressed & expressed their views in the 1962 declaration known as the their views in the 1962 declaration known as the Port Huron Port Huron StatementStatement, where they called for an end to apathy & urged citizens , where they called for an end to apathy & urged citizens to stop accepting a country run by corporations & big government.to stop accepting a country run by corporations & big government. The Students for a Democratic Society protested the Vietnam The Students for a Democratic Society protested the Vietnam

War as well as issues of poverty, campus regulations, nuclear War as well as issues of poverty, campus regulations, nuclear power, & racism.power, & racism.

A group of activists at the University of California at Berkeley, led by A group of activists at the University of California at Berkeley, led by Mario SavioMario Savio, began the Free Speech Movement. Disgruntled by , began the Free Speech Movement. Disgruntled by several practices at the university, they staged a sit-in at the several practices at the university, they staged a sit-in at the administration building. After some 700 protesters were arrested, a administration building. After some 700 protesters were arrested, a campus-wide strike stopped classes for two days.campus-wide strike stopped classes for two days.

The Berkeley revolt became the model for college The Berkeley revolt became the model for college demonstrations around the country.demonstrations around the country.

REVIEW: Counter-Culture (Hippie) MovementREVIEW: Counter-Culture (Hippie) Movement The counterculture was a rebellion against the dominant culture in the U.S. It was a reaction The counterculture was a rebellion against the dominant culture in the U.S. It was a reaction

to the 1950s stereotype of the man in a grey flannel suit who led a repressed and colorless to the 1950s stereotype of the man in a grey flannel suit who led a repressed and colorless life. A number of young Americans, mostly white, wanted to build their own society different life. A number of young Americans, mostly white, wanted to build their own society different from their middle-and-upper-class existence.from their middle-and-upper-class existence.

Lived a life that promoted flamboyant dress, rock music, drug use, & free & independent Lived a life that promoted flamboyant dress, rock music, drug use, & free & independent living. Rejected materialism & embraced spirituality. Utopian ideal of living (in living. Rejected materialism & embraced spirituality. Utopian ideal of living (in communescommunes = = group living arrangements in which members shared everything) was free, closer to nature, group living arrangements in which members shared everything) was free, closer to nature, & full of love, empathy, tolerance, & cooperation. Long hair, Native American headbands, & full of love, empathy, tolerance, & cooperation. Long hair, Native American headbands, shabby jeans, & drugs were common. shabby jeans, & drugs were common.

One of the most popular hippie destinations was the One of the most popular hippie destinations was the Haight-Ashbury districtHaight-Ashbury district in San in San Francisco.Francisco.

Decline of the movement: some hippie communities became a place where criminal activity Decline of the movement: some hippie communities became a place where criminal activity was common & drug use declined as the excitement faded and as more young people was common & drug use declined as the excitement faded and as more young people became addicted or died from overdoses.became addicted or died from overdoses.

Impact of the movement: The international fashion world looked to the counterculture to Impact of the movement: The international fashion world looked to the counterculture to create new fashions with more color and comfort & long hair became generally accepted. create new fashions with more color and comfort & long hair became generally accepted. Pop art took its subject matter from popular culture, using photographs, comics, Pop art took its subject matter from popular culture, using photographs, comics, advertisements, and brand-name products. Rock ‘n’ roll became mainstream despite causing advertisements, and brand-name products. Rock ‘n’ roll became mainstream despite causing rift between parents & youth (Beatles, Bob Dylan, Janis Joplin, Jimi Hendrix). New style of rift between parents & youth (Beatles, Bob Dylan, Janis Joplin, Jimi Hendrix). New style of dancing where people danced without partners to stress their individuality.dancing where people danced without partners to stress their individuality.