The State of the Art of Microarray Analysis: A Profile of … · 2015-09-06 · Microarray Research Group 1999/2000 ABRF Microarray Research Group Study The State of the Art of Microarray

Microarray Research Group

1999/2000 ABRF 1999/2000 ABRF 1999/2000 ABRF 1999/2000 ABRF 1999/2000 ABRF 1999/2000 ABRF 1999/2000 ABRF 1999/2000 ABRF MicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarray Research Group StudyResearch Group StudyResearch Group StudyResearch Group StudyResearch Group StudyResearch Group StudyResearch Group StudyResearch Group Study

The State of the Art of The State of the Art of MicroarrayMicroarray Analysis: Analysis: A Profile of A Profile of MicroarrayMicroarray LaboratoriesLaboratories

George GrillsGeorge GrillsGeorge GrillsGeorge GrillsGeorge GrillsGeorge GrillsGeorge GrillsGeorge Grills11111111, , , , , , , , ChandiChandiChandiChandiChandiChandiChandiChandi GriffinGriffinGriffinGriffinGriffinGriffinGriffinGriffin22222222, Kathryn Lilley, Kathryn Lilley, Kathryn Lilley, Kathryn Lilley, Kathryn Lilley, Kathryn Lilley, Kathryn Lilley, Kathryn Lilley33333333, Aldo Massimi, Aldo Massimi, Aldo Massimi, Aldo Massimi, Aldo Massimi, Aldo Massimi, Aldo Massimi, Aldo Massimi44444444, , , , , , , , YongdeYongdeYongdeYongdeYongdeYongdeYongdeYongde BaoBaoBaoBaoBaoBaoBaoBao55555555, and James VanEe, and James VanEe, and James VanEe, and James VanEe, and James VanEe, and James VanEe, and James VanEe, and James VanEe66666666........

1,41,41,41,4Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY; 2222University of California, San Francisco, CA; University of California, San Francisco, CA; University of California, San Francisco, CA; University of California, San Francisco, CA;

3333University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; University of Leicester, Leicester, UK; 5555University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA; University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA; University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA; University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA;

and and and and 6666Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.

http://www.abrf.org


INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

• This survey of This survey of This survey of This survey of microarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarray laboratories was opened for submissions in laboratories was opened for submissions in laboratories was opened for submissions in laboratories was opened for submissions in December 1999 by the Association of December 1999 by the Association of December 1999 by the Association of December 1999 by the Association of Biomolecular Biomolecular Biomolecular Biomolecular Resource Facilities Resource Facilities Resource Facilities Resource Facilities (ABRF) (ABRF) (ABRF) (ABRF) Microarray Microarray Microarray Microarray Research Group.Research Group.Research Group.Research Group.

• The survey was geared to gather information from academic, The survey was geared to gather information from academic, The survey was geared to gather information from academic, The survey was geared to gather information from academic, pharmaceutical, and commercial laboratories that offer pharmaceutical, and commercial laboratories that offer pharmaceutical, and commercial laboratories that offer pharmaceutical, and commercial laboratories that offer microarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraytechnologies as a shared facility resource. Individual laboratotechnologies as a shared facility resource. Individual laboratotechnologies as a shared facility resource. Individual laboratotechnologies as a shared facility resource. Individual laboratories using ries using ries using ries using these technologies were also welcome to participate.these technologies were also welcome to participate.these technologies were also welcome to participate.these technologies were also welcome to participate.

• A preliminary analysis of data was presented at the ABRF2000 meeA preliminary analysis of data was presented at the ABRF2000 meeA preliminary analysis of data was presented at the ABRF2000 meeA preliminary analysis of data was presented at the ABRF2000 meeting.ting.ting.ting.

• This is a continuing study. The results presented here covers sThis is a continuing study. The results presented here covers sThis is a continuing study. The results presented here covers sThis is a continuing study. The results presented here covers survey data urvey data urvey data urvey data collected from Dec. 1999 to Feb. 2000. A revised survey will becollected from Dec. 1999 to Feb. 2000. A revised survey will becollected from Dec. 1999 to Feb. 2000. A revised survey will becollected from Dec. 1999 to Feb. 2000. A revised survey will be opened opened opened opened for submissions in September 2000. Results of analysis of data for submissions in September 2000. Results of analysis of data for submissions in September 2000. Results of analysis of data for submissions in September 2000. Results of analysis of data collected collected collected collected in the second half of 2000 will be presented early in 2001 both in the second half of 2000 will be presented early in 2001 both in the second half of 2000 will be presented early in 2001 both in the second half of 2000 will be presented early in 2001 both on the web on the web on the web on the web and at the next ABRF meeting.and at the next ABRF meeting.and at the next ABRF meeting.and at the next ABRF meeting.


METHODSMETHODSMETHODSMETHODSMETHODSMETHODSMETHODSMETHODS

Data was requested from laboratories using Data was requested from laboratories using Data was requested from laboratories using Data was requested from laboratories using GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip((((oligonucleotideoligonucleotideoligonucleotideoligonucleotide arrays from arrays from arrays from arrays from AffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrix) and ) and ) and ) and cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA array related array related array related array related technologies by posting instructions for participation on technologies by posting instructions for participation on technologies by posting instructions for participation on technologies by posting instructions for participation on microarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarrayrelated electronic discussion groups. related electronic discussion groups. related electronic discussion groups. related electronic discussion groups.

A web based survey form was used to collect information such as A web based survey form was used to collect information such as A web based survey form was used to collect information such as A web based survey form was used to collect information such as instrumentation, protocols, staffing, funding, and throughput. instrumentation, protocols, staffing, funding, and throughput. instrumentation, protocols, staffing, funding, and throughput. instrumentation, protocols, staffing, funding, and throughput. Data Data Data Data was collected on an was collected on an was collected on an was collected on an anonymousanonymousanonymousanonymous basis. basis. basis. basis. The survey form was The survey form was The survey form was The survey form was posted at http://posted at http://posted at http://posted at http://brcwebbrcwebbrcwebbrcweb.bio..bio..bio..bio.cornellcornellcornellcornell....eduedueduedu/surveys//surveys//surveys//surveys/microsurveymicrosurveymicrosurveymicrosurvey.html..html..html..html.

This survey data was analyzed to build a current profile of This survey data was analyzed to build a current profile of This survey data was analyzed to build a current profile of This survey data was analyzed to build a current profile of microarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarray analysis laboratories. analysis laboratories. analysis laboratories. analysis laboratories.


Survey ParticipationSurvey ParticipationSurvey ParticipationSurvey ParticipationSurvey ParticipationSurvey ParticipationSurvey ParticipationSurvey Participation

Commercial Commercial Commercial Commercial 9%9%9%9%

Pharmaceutical Pharmaceutical Pharmaceutical Pharmaceutical 6%6%6%6%

Manufacturer Manufacturer Manufacturer Manufacturer 9%9%9%9%

Academic Academic Academic Academic 76%76%76%76%

Total number of submissions = 47Total number of submissions = 47Total number of submissions = 47Total number of submissions = 47Total number of submissions = 47Total number of submissions = 47Total number of submissions = 47Total number of submissions = 47

Europe Europe Europe Europe 19%19%19%19%

USA/USA/USA/USA/Canada Canada Canada Canada

73%73%73%73%

South South South South America America America America

2%2%2%2%

Australia/ Australia/ Australia/ Australia/ New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand New Zealand

6%6%6%6%

Figure 1. Survey Participation. (a) The geographical location Figure 1. Survey Participation. (a) The geographical location Figure 1. Survey Participation. (a) The geographical location Figure 1. Survey Participation. (a) The geographical location Figure 1. Survey Participation. (a) The geographical location Figure 1. Survey Participation. (a) The geographical location Figure 1. Survey Participation. (a) The geographical location Figure 1. Survey Participation. (a) The geographical location of survey participants and (b) the of survey participants and (b) the of survey participants and (b) the of survey participants and (b) the of survey participants and (b) the of survey participants and (b) the of survey participants and (b) the of survey participants and (b) the type of institutions that participated are shown. type of institutions that participated are shown. type of institutions that participated are shown. type of institutions that participated are shown. type of institutions that participated are shown. type of institutions that participated are shown. type of institutions that participated are shown. type of institutions that participated are shown. Data from Data from Data from Data from Data from Data from Data from Data from microarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarray instrument and related instrument and related instrument and related instrument and related instrument and related instrument and related instrument and related instrument and related manufacturers was accepted but was not included in the results omanufacturers was accepted but was not included in the results omanufacturers was accepted but was not included in the results omanufacturers was accepted but was not included in the results omanufacturers was accepted but was not included in the results omanufacturers was accepted but was not included in the results omanufacturers was accepted but was not included in the results omanufacturers was accepted but was not included in the results of this survey. f this survey. f this survey. f this survey. f this survey. f this survey. f this survey. f this survey.

(a) Geographical Location(a) Geographical Location(a) Geographical Location(a) Geographical Location(a) Geographical Location(a) Geographical Location(a) Geographical Location(a) Geographical Location

(b) Type of Institution(b) Type of Institution(b) Type of Institution(b) Type of Institution(b) Type of Institution(b) Type of Institution(b) Type of Institution(b) Type of Institution


00002222444466668888

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6666 12121212 24242424 24+24+24+24+

Number of MonthsNumber of MonthsNumber of MonthsNumber of Months

Length of Time Length of Time Length of Time Length of Time Length of Time Length of Time Length of Time Length of Time MicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarray Facility OperationalFacility OperationalFacility OperationalFacility OperationalFacility OperationalFacility OperationalFacility OperationalFacility Operational

< 2 < 2 < 2 < 2 yearsyearsyearsyears81%81%81%81%

> 2 > 2 > 2 > 2 yearsyearsyearsyears19%19%19%19%

Figure 2. Length of Time Microarray Facility Operational. (a) Figure 2. Length of Time Microarray Facility Operational. (a) Figure 2. Length of Time Microarray Facility Operational. (a) Figure 2. Length of Time Microarray Facility Operational. (a) Figure 2. Length of Time Microarray Facility Operational. (a) Figure 2. Length of Time Microarray Facility Operational. (a) Figure 2. Length of Time Microarray Facility Operational. (a) Figure 2. Length of Time Microarray Facility Operational. (a) The number of The number of The number of The number of The number of The number of The number of The number of months that participating microarray facility laboratories have months that participating microarray facility laboratories have months that participating microarray facility laboratories have months that participating microarray facility laboratories have months that participating microarray facility laboratories have months that participating microarray facility laboratories have months that participating microarray facility laboratories have months that participating microarray facility laboratories have been operational. been operational. been operational. been operational. been operational. been operational. been operational. been operational. (b) The percent that have been operational more or less than two(b) The percent that have been operational more or less than two(b) The percent that have been operational more or less than two(b) The percent that have been operational more or less than two(b) The percent that have been operational more or less than two(b) The percent that have been operational more or less than two(b) The percent that have been operational more or less than two(b) The percent that have been operational more or less than two years.years.years.years.years.years.years.years.

(a) (b)(a) (b)(a) (b)(a) (b)(a) (b)(a) (b)(a) (b)(a) (b)


Types of Types of Types of Types of Types of Types of Types of Types of MicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarray Technologies UsedTechnologies UsedTechnologies UsedTechnologies UsedTechnologies UsedTechnologies UsedTechnologies UsedTechnologies Used

cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA76%76%76%76%

cDNA + cDNA + cDNA + cDNA + GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip

13%13%13%13%

GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip11%11%11%11%

n = 47n = 47n = 47n = 47n = 47n = 47n = 47n = 47

Figure 3. Types of Microarray Technologies Used. The percent oFigure 3. Types of Microarray Technologies Used. The percent oFigure 3. Types of Microarray Technologies Used. The percent oFigure 3. Types of Microarray Technologies Used. The percent oFigure 3. Types of Microarray Technologies Used. The percent oFigure 3. Types of Microarray Technologies Used. The percent oFigure 3. Types of Microarray Technologies Used. The percent oFigure 3. Types of Microarray Technologies Used. The percent of microarray f microarray f microarray f microarray f microarray f microarray f microarray f microarray laboratories that use GeneChip and/or cDNA microarray technologilaboratories that use GeneChip and/or cDNA microarray technologilaboratories that use GeneChip and/or cDNA microarray technologilaboratories that use GeneChip and/or cDNA microarray technologilaboratories that use GeneChip and/or cDNA microarray technologilaboratories that use GeneChip and/or cDNA microarray technologilaboratories that use GeneChip and/or cDNA microarray technologilaboratories that use GeneChip and/or cDNA microarray technologies is shown.es is shown.es is shown.es is shown.es is shown.es is shown.es is shown.es is shown.


Factors Used in Selecting Factors Used in Selecting Factors Used in Selecting Factors Used in Selecting Factors Used in Selecting Factors Used in Selecting Factors Used in Selecting Factors Used in Selecting MicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarray TechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnologyTechnology

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Figure 4. Factors Used in Selecting Microarray Technology. ParFigure 4. Factors Used in Selecting Microarray Technology. ParFigure 4. Factors Used in Selecting Microarray Technology. ParFigure 4. Factors Used in Selecting Microarray Technology. ParFigure 4. Factors Used in Selecting Microarray Technology. ParFigure 4. Factors Used in Selecting Microarray Technology. ParFigure 4. Factors Used in Selecting Microarray Technology. ParFigure 4. Factors Used in Selecting Microarray Technology. Participants rated the ticipants rated the ticipants rated the ticipants rated the ticipants rated the ticipants rated the ticipants rated the ticipants rated the relative importance of factors that influenced their selection orelative importance of factors that influenced their selection orelative importance of factors that influenced their selection orelative importance of factors that influenced their selection orelative importance of factors that influenced their selection orelative importance of factors that influenced their selection orelative importance of factors that influenced their selection orelative importance of factors that influenced their selection of microarray technology f microarray technology f microarray technology f microarray technology f microarray technology f microarray technology f microarray technology f microarray technology (1= high importance, 5 = low importance in decision to adopt cur(1= high importance, 5 = low importance in decision to adopt cur(1= high importance, 5 = low importance in decision to adopt cur(1= high importance, 5 = low importance in decision to adopt cur(1= high importance, 5 = low importance in decision to adopt cur(1= high importance, 5 = low importance in decision to adopt cur(1= high importance, 5 = low importance in decision to adopt cur(1= high importance, 5 = low importance in decision to adopt current system).rent system).rent system).rent system).rent system).rent system).rent system).rent system).


Number of Staff in Number of Staff in Number of Staff in Number of Staff in Number of Staff in Number of Staff in Number of Staff in Number of Staff in MicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarray FacilitiesFacilitiesFacilitiesFacilitiesFacilitiesFacilitiesFacilitiesFacilities

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oneoneoneone twotwotwotwo threethreethreethree fourfourfourfour f ivef ivef ivef ive six+six+six+six+

Number of StaffNumber of StaffNumber of StaffNumber of Staff

Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean ±±±±±±±± SEM = 3.5 SEM = 3.5 SEM = 3.5 SEM = 3.5 SEM = 3.5 SEM = 3.5 SEM = 3.5 SEM = 3.5 ±±±±±±±± 0.50.50.50.50.50.50.50.5Min = 1Min = 1Min = 1Min = 1Min = 1Min = 1Min = 1Min = 1, , Max = 15Max = 15Max = 15Max = 15Max = 15Max = 15Max = 15Max = 15, , n = 44n = 44n = 44n = 44n = 44n = 44n = 44n = 44Expecting Staff to Increase = 34/44Expecting Staff to Increase = 34/44Expecting Staff to Increase = 34/44Expecting Staff to Increase = 34/44Expecting Staff to Increase = 34/44Expecting Staff to Increase = 34/44Expecting Staff to Increase = 34/44Expecting Staff to Increase = 34/44

Figure 5. Number of Staff in Microarray Facilities. The numberFigure 5. Number of Staff in Microarray Facilities. The numberFigure 5. Number of Staff in Microarray Facilities. The numberFigure 5. Number of Staff in Microarray Facilities. The numberFigure 5. Number of Staff in Microarray Facilities. The numberFigure 5. Number of Staff in Microarray Facilities. The numberFigure 5. Number of Staff in Microarray Facilities. The numberFigure 5. Number of Staff in Microarray Facilities. The number of microarray of microarray of microarray of microarray of microarray of microarray of microarray of microarray laboratories with specific numbers of staff are shown in the barlaboratories with specific numbers of staff are shown in the barlaboratories with specific numbers of staff are shown in the barlaboratories with specific numbers of staff are shown in the barlaboratories with specific numbers of staff are shown in the barlaboratories with specific numbers of staff are shown in the barlaboratories with specific numbers of staff are shown in the barlaboratories with specific numbers of staff are shown in the bar graph. graph. graph. graph. graph. graph. graph. graph. Statistics related to the number of staff per laboratory are lisStatistics related to the number of staff per laboratory are lisStatistics related to the number of staff per laboratory are lisStatistics related to the number of staff per laboratory are lisStatistics related to the number of staff per laboratory are lisStatistics related to the number of staff per laboratory are lisStatistics related to the number of staff per laboratory are lisStatistics related to the number of staff per laboratory are listed below the graph.ted below the graph.ted below the graph.ted below the graph.ted below the graph.ted below the graph.ted below the graph.ted below the graph.


Experience of Staff in Experience of Staff in Experience of Staff in Experience of Staff in Experience of Staff in Experience of Staff in Experience of Staff in Experience of Staff in MicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarray FacilitiesFacilitiesFacilitiesFacilitiesFacilitiesFacilitiesFacilitiesFacilities

Average number of years of experience in Average number of years of experience in Average number of years of experience in Average number of years of experience in Average number of years of experience in Average number of years of experience in Average number of years of experience in Average number of years of experience in microarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarray fieldfieldfieldfieldfieldfieldfieldfield

StaffStaffStaffStaffStaffStaffStaffStaffMeanMeanMeanMean ±±±±±±±± SEM = 0.29 SEM = 0.29 SEM = 0.29 SEM = 0.29 ±±±±±±±± 0.12 years0.12 years0.12 years0.12 yearsMin = 0Min = 0Min = 0Min = 0Max = 4Max = 4Max = 4Max = 4n = 38n = 38n = 38n = 38

Facility DirectorFacility DirectorFacility DirectorFacility DirectorFacility DirectorFacility DirectorFacility DirectorFacility DirectorMean Mean Mean Mean ±±±±±±±± SEM = 1.28 SEM = 1.28 SEM = 1.28 SEM = 1.28 ±±±±±±±± 0.16 years0.16 years0.16 years0.16 yearsMin = 0Min = 0Min = 0Min = 0Max = 6Max = 6Max = 6Max = 6n = 44n = 44n = 44n = 44

Figure 6. Experience of Staff in Microarray Facilities. Figure 6. Experience of Staff in Microarray Facilities. Figure 6. Experience of Staff in Microarray Facilities. Figure 6. Experience of Staff in Microarray Facilities. Figure 6. Experience of Staff in Microarray Facilities. Figure 6. Experience of Staff in Microarray Facilities. Figure 6. Experience of Staff in Microarray Facilities. Figure 6. Experience of Staff in Microarray Facilities.


Sources of FundingSources of FundingSources of FundingSources of FundingSources of FundingSources of FundingSources of FundingSources of Funding

SubsidizedSubsidizedSubsidizedSubsidized59%59%59%59%

Not Not Not Not SubsidizedSubsidizedSubsidizedSubsidized

41%41%41%41%

Percent of total budget subsidized (if subsidized):Percent of total budget subsidized (if subsidized):Percent of total budget subsidized (if subsidized):Percent of total budget subsidized (if subsidized):Percent of total budget subsidized (if subsidized):Percent of total budget subsidized (if subsidized):Percent of total budget subsidized (if subsidized):Percent of total budget subsidized (if subsidized):

Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean ±±±±±±±± SEM = 82% SEM = 82% SEM = 82% SEM = 82% SEM = 82% SEM = 82% SEM = 82% SEM = 82% ±±±±±±±± 6%6%6%6%6%6%6%6%Min = 25%Min = 25%Min = 25%Min = 25%Min = 25%Min = 25%Min = 25%Min = 25%, , Max = 100%Max = 100%Max = 100%Max = 100%Max = 100%Max = 100%Max = 100%Max = 100%, , n = 23n = 23n = 23n = 23n = 23n = 23n = 23n = 23

n = 44n = 44n = 44n = 44n = 44n = 44n = 44n = 44

Figure 7. Sources of Funding. The percent of microarray faciliFigure 7. Sources of Funding. The percent of microarray faciliFigure 7. Sources of Funding. The percent of microarray faciliFigure 7. Sources of Funding. The percent of microarray faciliFigure 7. Sources of Funding. The percent of microarray faciliFigure 7. Sources of Funding. The percent of microarray faciliFigure 7. Sources of Funding. The percent of microarray faciliFigure 7. Sources of Funding. The percent of microarray facility ty ty ty ty ty ty ty laboratories that are subsidized is shown in the pie chart. Thelaboratories that are subsidized is shown in the pie chart. Thelaboratories that are subsidized is shown in the pie chart. Thelaboratories that are subsidized is shown in the pie chart. Thelaboratories that are subsidized is shown in the pie chart. Thelaboratories that are subsidized is shown in the pie chart. Thelaboratories that are subsidized is shown in the pie chart. Thelaboratories that are subsidized is shown in the pie chart. The average average average average average average average average percent of the total budget that is subsidized is listed below tpercent of the total budget that is subsidized is listed below tpercent of the total budget that is subsidized is listed below tpercent of the total budget that is subsidized is listed below tpercent of the total budget that is subsidized is listed below tpercent of the total budget that is subsidized is listed below tpercent of the total budget that is subsidized is listed below tpercent of the total budget that is subsidized is listed below the chart.he chart.he chart.he chart.he chart.he chart.he chart.he chart.


Future Expansion Plans: Types of TechnologyFuture Expansion Plans: Types of TechnologyFuture Expansion Plans: Types of TechnologyFuture Expansion Plans: Types of TechnologyFuture Expansion Plans: Types of TechnologyFuture Expansion Plans: Types of TechnologyFuture Expansion Plans: Types of TechnologyFuture Expansion Plans: Types of Technology

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AffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrix cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAArraysArraysArraysArrays

OtherOtherOtherOther

Type of Microarray Type of Microarray Type of Microarray Type of Microarray Technology Included in Technology Included in Technology Included in Technology Included in Future Exansion Plans Future Exansion Plans Future Exansion Plans Future Exansion Plans

Current cDNA UsersCurrent cDNA UsersCurrent cDNA UsersCurrent cDNA UsersCurrent GeneChip UsersCurrent GeneChip UsersCurrent GeneChip UsersCurrent GeneChip Users

Figure 8: Future Expansion Plans: Types of Technology. The typeFigure 8: Future Expansion Plans: Types of Technology. The typeFigure 8: Future Expansion Plans: Types of Technology. The typeFigure 8: Future Expansion Plans: Types of Technology. The typeFigure 8: Future Expansion Plans: Types of Technology. The typeFigure 8: Future Expansion Plans: Types of Technology. The typeFigure 8: Future Expansion Plans: Types of Technology. The typeFigure 8: Future Expansion Plans: Types of Technology. The types of microarray technologies that s of microarray technologies that s of microarray technologies that s of microarray technologies that s of microarray technologies that s of microarray technologies that s of microarray technologies that s of microarray technologies that current microarray laboratories reported are in their future expcurrent microarray laboratories reported are in their future expcurrent microarray laboratories reported are in their future expcurrent microarray laboratories reported are in their future expcurrent microarray laboratories reported are in their future expcurrent microarray laboratories reported are in their future expcurrent microarray laboratories reported are in their future expcurrent microarray laboratories reported are in their future expansion plans are noted below each bar. ansion plans are noted below each bar. ansion plans are noted below each bar. ansion plans are noted below each bar. ansion plans are noted below each bar. ansion plans are noted below each bar. ansion plans are noted below each bar. ansion plans are noted below each bar. The number of labs planning on expanding their use of each type The number of labs planning on expanding their use of each type The number of labs planning on expanding their use of each type The number of labs planning on expanding their use of each type The number of labs planning on expanding their use of each type The number of labs planning on expanding their use of each type The number of labs planning on expanding their use of each type The number of labs planning on expanding their use of each type of technology and the type of of technology and the type of of technology and the type of of technology and the type of of technology and the type of of technology and the type of of technology and the type of of technology and the type of technology that they are currently using are shown (red bars shotechnology that they are currently using are shown (red bars shotechnology that they are currently using are shown (red bars shotechnology that they are currently using are shown (red bars shotechnology that they are currently using are shown (red bars shotechnology that they are currently using are shown (red bars shotechnology that they are currently using are shown (red bars shotechnology that they are currently using are shown (red bars show the number that are currently cDNA w the number that are currently cDNA w the number that are currently cDNA w the number that are currently cDNA w the number that are currently cDNA w the number that are currently cDNA w the number that are currently cDNA w the number that are currently cDNA array users; blue bars show the number that are currently GeneCharray users; blue bars show the number that are currently GeneCharray users; blue bars show the number that are currently GeneCharray users; blue bars show the number that are currently GeneCharray users; blue bars show the number that are currently GeneCharray users; blue bars show the number that are currently GeneCharray users; blue bars show the number that are currently GeneCharray users; blue bars show the number that are currently GeneChip users).ip users).ip users).ip users).ip users).ip users).ip users).ip users).


• 1 Fluidics Station1 Fluidics Station1 Fluidics Station1 Fluidics Station• 1 Scanner1 Scanner1 Scanner1 Scanner• Use NonUse NonUse NonUse Non----AffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrix Software (4/11 labs).Software (4/11 labs).Software (4/11 labs).Software (4/11 labs).• Satisfactory Data in <6 Months (10/11 labs). Satisfactory Data in <6 Months (10/11 labs). Satisfactory Data in <6 Months (10/11 labs). Satisfactory Data in <6 Months (10/11 labs). • 1 Year from System Installation to Full Steam1 Year from System Installation to Full Steam1 Year from System Installation to Full Steam1 Year from System Installation to Full Steam

• <1 Year for 4 labs<1 Year for 4 labs<1 Year for 4 labs<1 Year for 4 labs• <2 Years for 6 labs<2 Years for 6 labs<2 Years for 6 labs<2 Years for 6 labs• >2 Years for 1 lab>2 Years for 1 lab>2 Years for 1 lab>2 Years for 1 lab

n = 11 respondentsn = 11 respondents

Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip FacilityFacilityFacilityFacilityFacilityFacilityFacilityFacility

Figure 9. Typical GeneChip Facility. Listed are the average tyFigure 9. Typical GeneChip Facility. Listed are the average tyFigure 9. Typical GeneChip Facility. Listed are the average tyFigure 9. Typical GeneChip Facility. Listed are the average tyFigure 9. Typical GeneChip Facility. Listed are the average tyFigure 9. Typical GeneChip Facility. Listed are the average tyFigure 9. Typical GeneChip Facility. Listed are the average tyFigure 9. Typical GeneChip Facility. Listed are the average type and number of instruments in the pe and number of instruments in the pe and number of instruments in the pe and number of instruments in the pe and number of instruments in the pe and number of instruments in the pe and number of instruments in the pe and number of instruments in the typical GeneChip facility laboratory that participated in the sutypical GeneChip facility laboratory that participated in the sutypical GeneChip facility laboratory that participated in the sutypical GeneChip facility laboratory that participated in the sutypical GeneChip facility laboratory that participated in the sutypical GeneChip facility laboratory that participated in the sutypical GeneChip facility laboratory that participated in the sutypical GeneChip facility laboratory that participated in the survey. Also listed is the typical length of rvey. Also listed is the typical length of rvey. Also listed is the typical length of rvey. Also listed is the typical length of rvey. Also listed is the typical length of rvey. Also listed is the typical length of rvey. Also listed is the typical length of rvey. Also listed is the typical length of time from installation to achieving satisfactory data and the titime from installation to achieving satisfactory data and the titime from installation to achieving satisfactory data and the titime from installation to achieving satisfactory data and the titime from installation to achieving satisfactory data and the titime from installation to achieving satisfactory data and the titime from installation to achieving satisfactory data and the titime from installation to achieving satisfactory data and the time required to ramp up to full use. me required to ramp up to full use. me required to ramp up to full use. me required to ramp up to full use. me required to ramp up to full use. me required to ramp up to full use. me required to ramp up to full use. me required to ramp up to full use.


GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip Core ServicesCore ServicesCore ServicesCore ServicesCore ServicesCore ServicesCore ServicesCore Services

n = 11n = 11n = 11n = 11n = 11n = 11n = 11n = 11

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RNA Isolation/RNA Isolation/RNA Isolation/RNA Isolation/Total & PolyA+Total & PolyA+Total & PolyA+Total & PolyA+

cDNA Synth/cDNA Synth/cDNA Synth/cDNA Synth/IVT RxnIVT RxnIVT RxnIVT Rxn

DNA LabelingDNA LabelingDNA LabelingDNA Labeling Hybridization/Hybridization/Hybridization/Hybridization/ScanningScanningScanningScanning

Data AnalysisData AnalysisData AnalysisData Analysis

Figure 10. Figure 10. Figure 10. Figure 10. Figure 10. Figure 10. Figure 10. Figure 10. GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip Core Services. Types of core services Core Services. Types of core services Core Services. Types of core services Core Services. Types of core services Core Services. Types of core services Core Services. Types of core services Core Services. Types of core services Core Services. Types of core services offered by offered by offered by offered by offered by offered by offered by offered by GeneChip microarrayGeneChip microarrayGeneChip microarrayGeneChip microarrayGeneChip microarrayGeneChip microarrayGeneChip microarrayGeneChip microarray facility laboratories.facility laboratories.facility laboratories.facility laboratories.facility laboratories.facility laboratories.facility laboratories.facility laboratories.


GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip ThroughputThroughputThroughputThroughputThroughputThroughputThroughputThroughput

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HumanHumanHumanHuman(8)(8)(8)(8)

MurineMurineMurineMurine(9)(9)(9)(9)

Yeast Yeast Yeast Yeast (4)(4)(4)(4)

Test1/2Test1/2Test1/2Test1/2(7)(7)(7)(7)

CYP450CYP450CYP450CYP450(1)(1)(1)(1)

p53 p53 p53 p53 (2)(2)(2)(2)

HIV HIV HIV HIV (1)(1)(1)(1)

HuSNPHuSNPHuSNPHuSNP(1)(1)(1)(1)

Array TypesArray TypesArray TypesArray Types

Gene ExpressionGene ExpressionGene ExpressionGene ExpressionArraysArraysArraysArrays

Sequence AnalysisSequence AnalysisSequence AnalysisSequence AnalysisArraysArraysArraysArrays

Figure 11. GeneChip Throughput. The average monthly use of vaFigure 11. GeneChip Throughput. The average monthly use of vaFigure 11. GeneChip Throughput. The average monthly use of vaFigure 11. GeneChip Throughput. The average monthly use of vaFigure 11. GeneChip Throughput. The average monthly use of vaFigure 11. GeneChip Throughput. The average monthly use of vaFigure 11. GeneChip Throughput. The average monthly use of vaFigure 11. GeneChip Throughput. The average monthly use of various GeneChip rious GeneChip rious GeneChip rious GeneChip rious GeneChip rious GeneChip rious GeneChip rious GeneChip arrays is shown. Array types are noted below each bar. The numarrays is shown. Array types are noted below each bar. The numarrays is shown. Array types are noted below each bar. The numarrays is shown. Array types are noted below each bar. The numarrays is shown. Array types are noted below each bar. The numarrays is shown. Array types are noted below each bar. The numarrays is shown. Array types are noted below each bar. The numarrays is shown. Array types are noted below each bar. The number of microarray ber of microarray ber of microarray ber of microarray ber of microarray ber of microarray ber of microarray ber of microarray laboratories that reported using each type of array is indicatedlaboratories that reported using each type of array is indicatedlaboratories that reported using each type of array is indicatedlaboratories that reported using each type of array is indicatedlaboratories that reported using each type of array is indicatedlaboratories that reported using each type of array is indicatedlaboratories that reported using each type of array is indicatedlaboratories that reported using each type of array is indicated in parenthesis.in parenthesis.in parenthesis.in parenthesis.in parenthesis.in parenthesis.in parenthesis.in parenthesis.


General Types of General Types of General Types of General Types of General Types of General Types of General Types of General Types of GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip Arrays UsedArrays UsedArrays UsedArrays UsedArrays UsedArrays UsedArrays UsedArrays Used

Percent Use Percent Use Percent Use Percent Use of Different Types of GeneChips of Different Types of GeneChips of Different Types of GeneChips of Different Types of GeneChips

HumanHumanHumanHuman31%31%31%31%

MurineMurineMurineMurine34%34%34%34%

YeastYeastYeastYeast15%15%15%15%

CYP450CYP450CYP450CYP4504%4%4%4%

HuSNPHuSNPHuSNPHuSNP4%4%4%4%

p53p53p53p538%8%8%8%

HIVHIVHIVHIV4%4%4%4%

Figure 12. General Types of GeneChip Arrays Used. Shown is thFigure 12. General Types of GeneChip Arrays Used. Shown is thFigure 12. General Types of GeneChip Arrays Used. Shown is thFigure 12. General Types of GeneChip Arrays Used. Shown is thFigure 12. General Types of GeneChip Arrays Used. Shown is thFigure 12. General Types of GeneChip Arrays Used. Shown is thFigure 12. General Types of GeneChip Arrays Used. Shown is thFigure 12. General Types of GeneChip Arrays Used. Shown is the percent e percent e percent e percent e percent e percent e percent e percent of use of different types of GeneChips classed according to geneof use of different types of GeneChips classed according to geneof use of different types of GeneChips classed according to geneof use of different types of GeneChips classed according to geneof use of different types of GeneChips classed according to geneof use of different types of GeneChips classed according to geneof use of different types of GeneChips classed according to geneof use of different types of GeneChips classed according to general type. ral type. ral type. ral type. ral type. ral type. ral type. ral type.


Current and Future Use of Specific Types of Current and Future Use of Specific Types of Current and Future Use of Specific Types of Current and Future Use of Specific Types of Current and Future Use of Specific Types of Current and Future Use of Specific Types of Current and Future Use of Specific Types of Current and Future Use of Specific Types of GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip Expression ArraysExpression ArraysExpression ArraysExpression ArraysExpression ArraysExpression ArraysExpression ArraysExpression Arrays

0000111122223333444455556666777788889999

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HumanHumanHumanHumanHu35KHu35KHu35KHu35K

HumanHumanHumanHumanHuGFLHuGFLHuGFLHuGFL

MouseMouseMouseMouseMu19KMu19KMu19KMu19K

MouseMouseMouseMouseMu11KMu11KMu11KMu11K

MouseMouseMouseMouseMu6500Mu6500Mu6500Mu6500

YeastYeastYeastYeastYe6100Ye6100Ye6100Ye6100

Test Test Test Test Rat ToxRat ToxRat ToxRat Tox Rat U34Rat U34Rat U34Rat U34

Anticipated Array UseAnticipated Array UseAnticipated Array UseAnticipated Array Use

Current Array UseCurrent Array UseCurrent Array UseCurrent Array Use

*anticipated = types of *anticipated = types of *anticipated = types of *anticipated = types of *anticipated = types of *anticipated = types of *anticipated = types of *anticipated = types of GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip arrays that are not currently being usedarrays that are not currently being usedarrays that are not currently being usedarrays that are not currently being usedarrays that are not currently being usedarrays that are not currently being usedarrays that are not currently being usedarrays that are not currently being usedFigure 13. Current and Future Use of Specific Types of GeneChipFigure 13. Current and Future Use of Specific Types of GeneChipFigure 13. Current and Future Use of Specific Types of GeneChipFigure 13. Current and Future Use of Specific Types of GeneChipFigure 13. Current and Future Use of Specific Types of GeneChipFigure 13. Current and Future Use of Specific Types of GeneChipFigure 13. Current and Future Use of Specific Types of GeneChipFigure 13. Current and Future Use of Specific Types of GeneChip Expression Arrays. The number of Expression Arrays. The number of Expression Arrays. The number of Expression Arrays. The number of Expression Arrays. The number of Expression Arrays. The number of Expression Arrays. The number of Expression Arrays. The number of laboratories currently using specific types of GeneChip expressilaboratories currently using specific types of GeneChip expressilaboratories currently using specific types of GeneChip expressilaboratories currently using specific types of GeneChip expressilaboratories currently using specific types of GeneChip expressilaboratories currently using specific types of GeneChip expressilaboratories currently using specific types of GeneChip expressilaboratories currently using specific types of GeneChip expression arrays are shown (blue bars). The on arrays are shown (blue bars). The on arrays are shown (blue bars). The on arrays are shown (blue bars). The on arrays are shown (blue bars). The on arrays are shown (blue bars). The on arrays are shown (blue bars). The on arrays are shown (blue bars). The number of laboratories that plan to use GeneChip expression arranumber of laboratories that plan to use GeneChip expression arranumber of laboratories that plan to use GeneChip expression arranumber of laboratories that plan to use GeneChip expression arranumber of laboratories that plan to use GeneChip expression arranumber of laboratories that plan to use GeneChip expression arranumber of laboratories that plan to use GeneChip expression arranumber of laboratories that plan to use GeneChip expression arrays that they are not currently using is ys that they are not currently using is ys that they are not currently using is ys that they are not currently using is ys that they are not currently using is ys that they are not currently using is ys that they are not currently using is ys that they are not currently using is also shown (red bars). Rat U34 and Rat Toxicology U34 arrays wealso shown (red bars). Rat U34 and Rat Toxicology U34 arrays wealso shown (red bars). Rat U34 and Rat Toxicology U34 arrays wealso shown (red bars). Rat U34 and Rat Toxicology U34 arrays wealso shown (red bars). Rat U34 and Rat Toxicology U34 arrays wealso shown (red bars). Rat U34 and Rat Toxicology U34 arrays wealso shown (red bars). Rat U34 and Rat Toxicology U34 arrays wealso shown (red bars). Rat U34 and Rat Toxicology U34 arrays were just released at the time of the survey.re just released at the time of the survey.re just released at the time of the survey.re just released at the time of the survey.re just released at the time of the survey.re just released at the time of the survey.re just released at the time of the survey.re just released at the time of the survey.

Current Array UseCurrent Array UseCurrent Array UseCurrent Array Use

Anticipated Array UseAnticipated Array UseAnticipated Array UseAnticipated Array Use


Evaluations of Evaluations of Evaluations of Evaluations of Evaluations of Evaluations of Evaluations of Evaluations of GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip Technology Technology Technology Technology Technology Technology Technology Technology

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Very Satisf iedVery Satisf iedVery Satisf iedVery Satisf ied ModeratelyModeratelyModeratelyModeratelySatisf iedSatisf iedSatisf iedSatisf ied

ModeratelyModeratelyModeratelyModeratelyDissatisf iedDissatisf iedDissatisf iedDissatisf ied

VeryVeryVeryVeryDissatisf iedDissatisf iedDissatisf iedDissatisf ied

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CustomerCustomerCustomerCustomerSupportSupportSupportSupport

DataDataDataDataQualityQualityQualityQuality

Ease ofEase ofEase ofEase ofUseUseUseUse

SensitivitySensitivitySensitivitySensitivity

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CustomerCustomerCustomerCustomerSupportSupportSupportSupport

Reliability ofReliability ofReliability ofReliability ofFluidicsFluidicsFluidicsFluidics

CostCostCostCost Sensit ivitySensit ivitySensit ivitySensit ivity

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Positive EvaluationsPositive EvaluationsPositive EvaluationsPositive EvaluationsPositive EvaluationsPositive EvaluationsPositive EvaluationsPositive Evaluations NegativeNegativeNegativeNegativeNegativeNegativeNegativeNegative EvaluationsEvaluationsEvaluationsEvaluationsEvaluationsEvaluationsEvaluationsEvaluations

Overall EvaluationsOverall EvaluationsOverall EvaluationsOverall EvaluationsOverall EvaluationsOverall EvaluationsOverall EvaluationsOverall Evaluations

Figure 14. Evaluations of GeneChip Technology. Summaries of tFigure 14. Evaluations of GeneChip Technology. Summaries of tFigure 14. Evaluations of GeneChip Technology. Summaries of tFigure 14. Evaluations of GeneChip Technology. Summaries of tFigure 14. Evaluations of GeneChip Technology. Summaries of tFigure 14. Evaluations of GeneChip Technology. Summaries of tFigure 14. Evaluations of GeneChip Technology. Summaries of tFigure 14. Evaluations of GeneChip Technology. Summaries of the positive and negative he positive and negative he positive and negative he positive and negative he positive and negative he positive and negative he positive and negative he positive and negative ratings of the GeneChip technology given by microarray facility ratings of the GeneChip technology given by microarray facility ratings of the GeneChip technology given by microarray facility ratings of the GeneChip technology given by microarray facility ratings of the GeneChip technology given by microarray facility ratings of the GeneChip technology given by microarray facility ratings of the GeneChip technology given by microarray facility ratings of the GeneChip technology given by microarray facility laboratories using the technology . laboratories using the technology . laboratories using the technology . laboratories using the technology . laboratories using the technology . laboratories using the technology . laboratories using the technology . laboratories using the technology .


Implementation of Implementation of Implementation of Implementation of Implementation of Implementation of Implementation of Implementation of GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip technology into facility technology into facility technology into facility technology into facility technology into facility technology into facility technology into facility technology into facility laboratories began laboratories began laboratories began laboratories began laboratories began laboratories began laboratories began laboratories began less than two years ago on averageless than two years ago on averageless than two years ago on averageless than two years ago on averageless than two years ago on averageless than two years ago on averageless than two years ago on averageless than two years ago on average........

Some laboratories report lengthy startups, Some laboratories report lengthy startups, Some laboratories report lengthy startups, Some laboratories report lengthy startups, Some laboratories report lengthy startups, Some laboratories report lengthy startups, Some laboratories report lengthy startups, Some laboratories report lengthy startups, but the majority but the majority but the majority but the majority but the majority but the majority but the majority but the majority are moderately satisfied with the overall performanceare moderately satisfied with the overall performanceare moderately satisfied with the overall performanceare moderately satisfied with the overall performanceare moderately satisfied with the overall performanceare moderately satisfied with the overall performanceare moderately satisfied with the overall performanceare moderately satisfied with the overall performance of of of of of of of of their their their their their their their their GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip systems. systems. systems. systems. systems. systems. systems. systems.

The The The The The The The The GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip system configuration currently used in system configuration currently used in system configuration currently used in system configuration currently used in system configuration currently used in system configuration currently used in system configuration currently used in system configuration currently used in most laboratories most laboratories most laboratories most laboratories most laboratories most laboratories most laboratories most laboratories consists of consists of consists of consists of consists of consists of consists of consists of one fluidics workstation and one fluidics workstation and one fluidics workstation and one fluidics workstation and one fluidics workstation and one fluidics workstation and one fluidics workstation and one fluidics workstation and one one one one one one one one confocalconfocalconfocalconfocalconfocalconfocalconfocalconfocal laser scannerlaser scannerlaser scannerlaser scannerlaser scannerlaser scannerlaser scannerlaser scanner........

Most Most Most Most Most Most Most Most AffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrixAffymetrix gene expression studies are currently gene expression studies are currently gene expression studies are currently gene expression studies are currently gene expression studies are currently gene expression studies are currently gene expression studies are currently gene expression studies are currently performed with performed with performed with performed with performed with performed with performed with performed with murinemurinemurinemurinemurinemurinemurinemurine and human and human and human and human and human and human and human and human GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip arrays.arrays.arrays.arrays.arrays.arrays.arrays.arrays.

GeneChip MicroarrayGeneChip MicroarrayGeneChip MicroarrayGeneChip MicroarrayGeneChip MicroarrayGeneChip MicroarrayGeneChip MicroarrayGeneChip Microarray ConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusions


• Utilizes an Utilizes an Utilizes an Utilizes an arrayerarrayerarrayerarrayer, scanner and dedicated computing equipment., scanner and dedicated computing equipment., scanner and dedicated computing equipment., scanner and dedicated computing equipment.• Charges per array.Charges per array.Charges per array.Charges per array.• Cost an average of $300,000 to set up facility.Cost an average of $300,000 to set up facility.Cost an average of $300,000 to set up facility.Cost an average of $300,000 to set up facility.• Costs an average of $7,500 to produce a unique array.Costs an average of $7,500 to produce a unique array.Costs an average of $7,500 to produce a unique array.Costs an average of $7,500 to produce a unique array.• Produces an average of 194Produces an average of 194Produces an average of 194Produces an average of 194 arrays per month:arrays per month:arrays per month:arrays per month:

(median = 100, range = 4 (median = 100, range = 4 (median = 100, range = 4 (median = 100, range = 4 ---- 2,000)2,000)2,000)2,000)

• Provides arrays for an average of 8Provides arrays for an average of 8Provides arrays for an average of 8Provides arrays for an average of 8 research groups:research groups:research groups:research groups:(median = 5.5, range = 1 (median = 5.5, range = 1 (median = 5.5, range = 1 (median = 5.5, range = 1 ---- 54)54)54)54)

• Use cy3 and cy5 labeled target DNA.Use cy3 and cy5 labeled target DNA.Use cy3 and cy5 labeled target DNA.Use cy3 and cy5 labeled target DNA.• Use poly LUse poly LUse poly LUse poly L----lysine coated slides.lysine coated slides.lysine coated slides.lysine coated slides.• Use protocols other than manufacturers recommendations. Use protocols other than manufacturers recommendations. Use protocols other than manufacturers recommendations. Use protocols other than manufacturers recommendations.

Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical cDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA Microarray FacilityFacilityFacilityFacilityFacilityFacilityFacilityFacility

Figure 16. The Typical Figure 16. The Typical Figure 16. The Typical Figure 16. The Typical Figure 16. The Typical Figure 16. The Typical Figure 16. The Typical Figure 16. The Typical cDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA Microarray Facility. Facility. Facility. Facility. Facility. Facility. Facility. Facility. Listed is a profile of the typical cDNA Listed is a profile of the typical cDNA Listed is a profile of the typical cDNA Listed is a profile of the typical cDNA Listed is a profile of the typical cDNA Listed is a profile of the typical cDNA Listed is a profile of the typical cDNA Listed is a profile of the typical cDNA facility based on responses to survey questions on equipment utifacility based on responses to survey questions on equipment utifacility based on responses to survey questions on equipment utifacility based on responses to survey questions on equipment utifacility based on responses to survey questions on equipment utifacility based on responses to survey questions on equipment utifacility based on responses to survey questions on equipment utifacility based on responses to survey questions on equipment utilized, physical properties of lized, physical properties of lized, physical properties of lized, physical properties of lized, physical properties of lized, physical properties of lized, physical properties of lized, physical properties of the arrays produced and startthe arrays produced and startthe arrays produced and startthe arrays produced and startthe arrays produced and startthe arrays produced and startthe arrays produced and startthe arrays produced and start--------up costs of the facility.up costs of the facility.up costs of the facility.up costs of the facility.up costs of the facility.up costs of the facility.up costs of the facility.up costs of the facility.


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cDN

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cDN

AcD

NA

libra

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libra

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libra

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libra

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prob

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NA

prob

e D

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prob

e D

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prob

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arra

ying

arra

ying

arra

ying

arra

ying

mR

NA

mR

NA

mR

NA

mR

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isol

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olat

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isol

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labe

led

targ

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scan

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cDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA Microarray Core ServicesCore ServicesCore ServicesCore ServicesCore ServicesCore ServicesCore ServicesCore Services

n = 40n = 40n = 40n = 40Figure 17. Figure 17. Figure 17. Figure 17. Figure 17. Figure 17. Figure 17. Figure 17. cDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA Microarray Core Services. Types of core services offered by Core Services. Types of core services offered by Core Services. Types of core services offered by Core Services. Types of core services offered by Core Services. Types of core services offered by Core Services. Types of core services offered by Core Services. Types of core services offered by Core Services. Types of core services offered by cDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarray facilities.facilities.facilities.facilities.facilities.facilities.facilities.facilities.


5555

Genemachines OmingridGenemachines OmingridGenemachines OmingridGenemachines Omingrid6666

CartesianCartesianCartesianCartesian

Molecular DynamicsMolecular DynamicsMolecular DynamicsMolecular Dynamics4444BioroboticsBioroboticsBioroboticsBiorobotics

1111InInInIn----HouseHouseHouseHouse

ESIESIESIESI4444

GMSGMSGMSGMS9999

Rob. Rob. Rob. Rob. LabwareLabwareLabwareLabware1111

3333

Instruments in Instruments in Instruments in Instruments in Instruments in Instruments in Instruments in Instruments in UUUUUUUUse in se in se in se in se in se in se in se in cDNA cDNA cDNA cDNA cDNA cDNA cDNA cDNA AAAAAAAArrayingrrayingrrayingrrayingrrayingrrayingrrayingrraying LLLLLLLLabsabsabsabsabsabsabsabs

n = 33n = 33n = 33n = 33n = 33n = 33n = 33n = 33(a) (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA ArrayersArrayersArrayersArrayersArrayersArrayersArrayersArrayers

Axon Axon Axon Axon 9999

GSI GSI GSI GSI LumonicsLumonicsLumonicsLumonics22222222

MicrogeneticsMicrogeneticsMicrogeneticsMicrogenetics 11111111

InInInIn----HouseHouseHouseHouse 1111FujiFujiFujiFuji 1111

AsperAsperAsperAsper LtdLtdLtdLtd 1111HPHPHPHP 1111

GMSGMSGMSGMS44441111

Molecular DynamicsMolecular DynamicsMolecular DynamicsMolecular Dynamics3333UnspecifiedUnspecifiedUnspecifiedUnspecified

(b) Scanners(b) Scanners(b) Scanners(b) Scanners(b) Scanners(b) Scanners(b) Scanners(b) Scanners

QiagenQiagenQiagenQiagen 960X960X960X960X4444

Beckman Beckman Beckman Beckman BiomekBiomekBiomekBiomek5555

TecanTecanTecanTecan1111

Hamilton 2200Hamilton 2200Hamilton 2200Hamilton 22001111

GMSGMSGMSGMS 1111Robbins HydraRobbins HydraRobbins HydraRobbins Hydra

1111

UnspecifiedUnspecifiedUnspecifiedUnspecified1111

n = 45n = 45n = 45n = 45n = 45n = 45n = 45n = 45

n = 14n = 14n = 14n = 14n = 14n = 14n = 14n = 14

(c) DNA Handling Robots(c) DNA Handling Robots(c) DNA Handling Robots(c) DNA Handling Robots(c) DNA Handling Robots(c) DNA Handling Robots(c) DNA Handling Robots(c) DNA Handling Robotsn = number of respondents with each make of instrumentn = number of respondents with each make of instrumentn = number of respondents with each make of instrumentn = number of respondents with each make of instrument

Figure 18. Instruments in Use in cDNA Arraying Labs.Figure 18. Instruments in Use in cDNA Arraying Labs.Figure 18. Instruments in Use in cDNA Arraying Labs.Figure 18. Instruments in Use in cDNA Arraying Labs.Figure 18. Instruments in Use in cDNA Arraying Labs.Figure 18. Instruments in Use in cDNA Arraying Labs.Figure 18. Instruments in Use in cDNA Arraying Labs.Figure 18. Instruments in Use in cDNA Arraying Labs.


antibodyantibodyantibodyantibody4%4%4%4%

PCR productPCR productPCR productPCR product47%47%47%47%

Whole Whole Whole Whole plasmidsplasmidsplasmidsplasmids

12%12%12%12%

cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA20%20%20%20%

DNA oligoDNA oligoDNA oligoDNA oligo13%13%13%13%

proteinproteinproteinprotein4%4%4%4%

n = n = n = n = n = n = n = n = 3939393939393939

(a) Probe Material (a) Probe Material (a) Probe Material (a) Probe Material (a) Probe Material (a) Probe Material (a) Probe Material (a) Probe Material ArrayedArrayedArrayedArrayedArrayedArrayedArrayedArrayed

Figure 19. Probes. (a) Types of biological material arrayed in Figure 19. Probes. (a) Types of biological material arrayed in Figure 19. Probes. (a) Types of biological material arrayed in Figure 19. Probes. (a) Types of biological material arrayed in Figure 19. Probes. (a) Types of biological material arrayed in Figure 19. Probes. (a) Types of biological material arrayed in Figure 19. Probes. (a) Types of biological material arrayed in Figure 19. Probes. (a) Types of biological material arrayed in cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA facilitiesfacilitiesfacilitiesfacilitiesfacilitiesfacilitiesfacilitiesfacilities. . . . . . . . (b) (b) (b) (b) (b) (b) (b) (b) Methods commonly used to produce DNA probe materialMethods commonly used to produce DNA probe materialMethods commonly used to produce DNA probe materialMethods commonly used to produce DNA probe materialMethods commonly used to produce DNA probe materialMethods commonly used to produce DNA probe materialMethods commonly used to produce DNA probe materialMethods commonly used to produce DNA probe material........

Direct PCR of Direct PCR of Direct PCR of Direct PCR of plasmid insertsplasmid insertsplasmid insertsplasmid inserts

41%41%41%41%

PlasmidsPlasmidsPlasmidsPlasmids15%15%15%15%

PCR genomePCR genomePCR genomePCR genome4%4%4%4%

Direct PCR Direct PCR Direct PCR Direct PCR from bacteriafrom bacteriafrom bacteriafrom bacteria

25%25%25%25%

CombinationCombinationCombinationCombination11%11%11%11%

Purchase ready Purchase ready Purchase ready Purchase ready to arrayto arrayto arrayto array

4%4%4%4%

(b) Method of (b) Method of (b) Method of (b) Method of (b) Method of (b) Method of (b) Method of (b) Method of ProbeProbeProbeProbeProbeProbeProbeProbe ProductionProductionProductionProductionProductionProductionProductionProduction

ProbesProbesProbesProbesProbesProbesProbesProbes


HumanHumanHumanHuman34%34%34%34%

MouseMouseMouseMouse27%27%27%27%

RatRatRatRat11%11%11%11%

PlantPlantPlantPlant6%6%6%6%

YeastYeastYeastYeast9%9%9%9%

BacteriaBacteriaBacteriaBacteria5%5%5%5%

ViralViralViralViral1%1%1%1%

Other animalOther animalOther animalOther animal7%7%7%7%

Source of Source of Source of Source of Source of Source of Source of Source of cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA TargetTargetTargetTargetTargetTargetTargetTarget

n = 39n = 39n = 39n = 39n = 39n = 39n = 39n = 39

Figure 20. Source of Figure 20. Source of Figure 20. Source of Figure 20. Source of Figure 20. Source of Figure 20. Source of Figure 20. Source of Figure 20. Source of cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA Target. Sources of Target. Sources of Target. Sources of Target. Sources of Target. Sources of Target. Sources of Target. Sources of Target. Sources of cDNA cDNA cDNA cDNA cDNA cDNA cDNA cDNA target used in target used in target used in target used in target used in target used in target used in target used in cDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarray facility laboratories. facility laboratories. facility laboratories. facility laboratories. facility laboratories. facility laboratories. facility laboratories. facility laboratories.


• No. of features = 6263No. of features = 6263No. of features = 6263No. of features = 6263(median = 6000, range 300(median = 6000, range 300(median = 6000, range 300(median = 6000, range 300----16000)16000)16000)16000)

• Size of features = 155 Size of features = 155 Size of features = 155 Size of features = 155 µµµµm m m m (median = 150 (median = 150 (median = 150 (median = 150 µµµµm, range 100m, range 100m, range 100m, range 100----300 300 300 300 µµµµm)m)m)m)

• Distance between features = 248 Distance between features = 248 Distance between features = 248 Distance between features = 248 µµµµm m m m (median = 248 (median = 248 (median = 248 (median = 248 µµµµm, range 25m, range 25m, range 25m, range 25----500 500 500 500 µµµµm)m)m)m)

Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA ArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray

Figure 21. The Typical Figure 21. The Typical Figure 21. The Typical Figure 21. The Typical Figure 21. The Typical Figure 21. The Typical Figure 21. The Typical Figure 21. The Typical cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA Array. Array. Array. Array. Array. Array. Array. Array. Listed are the number, size, and spacing of the features of theListed are the number, size, and spacing of the features of theListed are the number, size, and spacing of the features of theListed are the number, size, and spacing of the features of theListed are the number, size, and spacing of the features of theListed are the number, size, and spacing of the features of theListed are the number, size, and spacing of the features of theListed are the number, size, and spacing of the features of thetypical typical typical typical typical typical typical typical cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA array array array array array array array array used in the cDNA used in the cDNA used in the cDNA used in the cDNA used in the cDNA used in the cDNA used in the cDNA used in the cDNA microarray microarray microarray microarray microarray microarray microarray microarray facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey.


Average facility set up = $323,500Average facility set up = $323,500Average facility set up = $323,500Average facility set up = $323,500Average facility set up = $323,500Average facility set up = $323,500Average facility set up = $323,500Average facility set up = $323,500(range = $70,000 (range = $70,000 (range = $70,000 (range = $70,000 ---- $1,000,000)$1,000,000)$1,000,000)$1,000,000)

Average cost per feature = $1.26Average cost per feature = $1.26Average cost per feature = $1.26Average cost per feature = $1.26Average cost per feature = $1.26Average cost per feature = $1.26Average cost per feature = $1.26Average cost per feature = $1.26(range = $0.005 (range = $0.005 (range = $0.005 (range = $0.005 ---- $10.00)$10.00)$10.00)$10.00)

Average cost per labeled target Average cost per labeled target Average cost per labeled target Average cost per labeled target Average cost per labeled target Average cost per labeled target Average cost per labeled target Average cost per labeled target cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA = $123= $123= $123= $123= $123= $123= $123= $123(range = $20 (range = $20 (range = $20 (range = $20 ---- $500)$500)$500)$500)

Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical Typical cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA Array CostsArray CostsArray CostsArray CostsArray CostsArray CostsArray CostsArray Costs

Figure 22. Typical Figure 22. Typical Figure 22. Typical Figure 22. Typical Figure 22. Typical Figure 22. Typical Figure 22. Typical Figure 22. Typical cDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNAcDNA Array Costs. Array Costs. Array Costs. Array Costs. Array Costs. Array Costs. Array Costs. Array Costs. Listed are the average cost of setting up a cDNA Listed are the average cost of setting up a cDNA Listed are the average cost of setting up a cDNA Listed are the average cost of setting up a cDNA Listed are the average cost of setting up a cDNA Listed are the average cost of setting up a cDNA Listed are the average cost of setting up a cDNA Listed are the average cost of setting up a cDNA microarray facility and the average cost of the array features amicroarray facility and the average cost of the array features amicroarray facility and the average cost of the array features amicroarray facility and the average cost of the array features amicroarray facility and the average cost of the array features amicroarray facility and the average cost of the array features amicroarray facility and the average cost of the array features amicroarray facility and the average cost of the array features and labeled target cDNA as nd labeled target cDNA as nd labeled target cDNA as nd labeled target cDNA as nd labeled target cDNA as nd labeled target cDNA as nd labeled target cDNA as nd labeled target cDNA as reported by the cDNA reported by the cDNA reported by the cDNA reported by the cDNA reported by the cDNA reported by the cDNA reported by the cDNA reported by the cDNA microarray microarray microarray microarray microarray microarray microarray microarray facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey. facility laboratories that participated in the survey.


The The The The The The The The cDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayers use a wide range of instrumentation use a wide range of instrumentation use a wide range of instrumentation use a wide range of instrumentation use a wide range of instrumentation use a wide range of instrumentation use a wide range of instrumentation use a wide range of instrumentation from different manufacturers, but all have a similar slide from different manufacturers, but all have a similar slide from different manufacturers, but all have a similar slide from different manufacturers, but all have a similar slide from different manufacturers, but all have a similar slide from different manufacturers, but all have a similar slide from different manufacturers, but all have a similar slide from different manufacturers, but all have a similar slide format derived from Pat Brownformat derived from Pat Brownformat derived from Pat Brownformat derived from Pat Brownformat derived from Pat Brownformat derived from Pat Brownformat derived from Pat Brownformat derived from Pat Brown’’’’’’’’s concept.s concept.s concept.s concept.s concept.s concept.s concept.s concept.

The predominance of some The predominance of some The predominance of some The predominance of some The predominance of some The predominance of some The predominance of some The predominance of some cDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarraycDNA microarray related related related related related related related related companies may be correlated to the length of time they companies may be correlated to the length of time they companies may be correlated to the length of time they companies may be correlated to the length of time they companies may be correlated to the length of time they companies may be correlated to the length of time they companies may be correlated to the length of time they companies may be correlated to the length of time they have been in the market. Examples of this are have been in the market. Examples of this are have been in the market. Examples of this are have been in the market. Examples of this are have been in the market. Examples of this are have been in the market. Examples of this are have been in the market. Examples of this are have been in the market. Examples of this are QiagenQiagenQiagenQiagenQiagenQiagenQiagenQiagenand Beckman in robotics, and GSI and Beckman in robotics, and GSI and Beckman in robotics, and GSI and Beckman in robotics, and GSI and Beckman in robotics, and GSI and Beckman in robotics, and GSI and Beckman in robotics, and GSI and Beckman in robotics, and GSI LuminomicsLuminomicsLuminomicsLuminomicsLuminomicsLuminomicsLuminomicsLuminomics in the in the in the in the in the in the in the in the scanner arena. scanner arena. scanner arena. scanner arena. scanner arena. scanner arena. scanner arena. scanner arena.

cDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA MicroarraycDNA Microarray ConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusions


Most Most Most Most Most Most Most Most microarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarray facility laboratories were facility laboratories were facility laboratories were facility laboratories were facility laboratories were facility laboratories were facility laboratories were facility laboratories were established established established established established established established established less than two years agoless than two years agoless than two years agoless than two years agoless than two years agoless than two years agoless than two years agoless than two years ago. . . . . . . .

Most Most Most Most Most Most Most Most microarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarray laboratories plan to expand both laboratories plan to expand both laboratories plan to expand both laboratories plan to expand both laboratories plan to expand both laboratories plan to expand both laboratories plan to expand both laboratories plan to expand both staff and instrumentation.staff and instrumentation.staff and instrumentation.staff and instrumentation.staff and instrumentation.staff and instrumentation.staff and instrumentation.staff and instrumentation.

Expansion plans by both Expansion plans by both Expansion plans by both Expansion plans by both Expansion plans by both Expansion plans by both Expansion plans by both Expansion plans by both cDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayerscDNA arrayers and and and and and and and and GeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChipGeneChip users indicate a trend to create shared users indicate a trend to create shared users indicate a trend to create shared users indicate a trend to create shared users indicate a trend to create shared users indicate a trend to create shared users indicate a trend to create shared users indicate a trend to create shared resource laboratories in which these technologies resource laboratories in which these technologies resource laboratories in which these technologies resource laboratories in which these technologies resource laboratories in which these technologies resource laboratories in which these technologies resource laboratories in which these technologies resource laboratories in which these technologies coexist and complement each other.coexist and complement each other.coexist and complement each other.coexist and complement each other.coexist and complement each other.coexist and complement each other.coexist and complement each other.coexist and complement each other.

General ConclusionsGeneral ConclusionsGeneral ConclusionsGeneral ConclusionsGeneral ConclusionsGeneral ConclusionsGeneral ConclusionsGeneral Conclusions


Continue survey:Continue survey:Continue survey:Continue survey:Continue survey:Continue survey:Continue survey:Continue survey:–– To have a larger representation of users.To have a larger representation of users.To have a larger representation of users.To have a larger representation of users.To have a larger representation of users.To have a larger representation of users.To have a larger representation of users.To have a larger representation of users.–– To allow representation of labs currently starting up.To allow representation of labs currently starting up.To allow representation of labs currently starting up.To allow representation of labs currently starting up.To allow representation of labs currently starting up.To allow representation of labs currently starting up.To allow representation of labs currently starting up.To allow representation of labs currently starting up.–– To allow updates that reflect changes in the field.To allow updates that reflect changes in the field.To allow updates that reflect changes in the field.To allow updates that reflect changes in the field.To allow updates that reflect changes in the field.To allow updates that reflect changes in the field.To allow updates that reflect changes in the field.To allow updates that reflect changes in the field.

Implement studies that will help determine:Implement studies that will help determine:Implement studies that will help determine:Implement studies that will help determine:Implement studies that will help determine:Implement studies that will help determine:Implement studies that will help determine:Implement studies that will help determine:–– Sensitivity (minimal detection levels).Sensitivity (minimal detection levels).Sensitivity (minimal detection levels).Sensitivity (minimal detection levels).Sensitivity (minimal detection levels).Sensitivity (minimal detection levels).Sensitivity (minimal detection levels).Sensitivity (minimal detection levels).–– Specificity (quantitative changes in gene expression).Specificity (quantitative changes in gene expression).Specificity (quantitative changes in gene expression).Specificity (quantitative changes in gene expression).Specificity (quantitative changes in gene expression).Specificity (quantitative changes in gene expression).Specificity (quantitative changes in gene expression).Specificity (quantitative changes in gene expression).–– Reproducibility of Reproducibility of Reproducibility of Reproducibility of Reproducibility of Reproducibility of Reproducibility of Reproducibility of microarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarraymicroarray experimental data.experimental data.experimental data.experimental data.experimental data.experimental data.experimental data.experimental data.–– Protocols and reagents that give optimal results.Protocols and reagents that give optimal results.Protocols and reagents that give optimal results.Protocols and reagents that give optimal results.Protocols and reagents that give optimal results.Protocols and reagents that give optimal results.Protocols and reagents that give optimal results.Protocols and reagents that give optimal results.

Future DirectionsFuture DirectionsFuture DirectionsFuture DirectionsFuture DirectionsFuture DirectionsFuture DirectionsFuture Directions


ReferencesReferencesReferencesReferencesReferencesReferencesReferencesReferencesBackground References on Background References on Background References on Background References on Background References on Background References on Background References on Background References on MicroarraysMicroarraysMicroarraysMicroarraysMicroarraysMicroarraysMicroarraysMicroarrays

ABRF ABRF ABRF ABRF ABRF ABRF ABRF ABRF Microarray Research Microarray Research Microarray Research Microarray Research Microarray Research Microarray Research Microarray Research Microarray Research GroupGroupGroupGroupGroupGroupGroupGrouphttp://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.abrfabrfabrfabrfabrfabrfabrfabrf.org/ABRF/.org/ABRF/.org/ABRF/.org/ABRF/.org/ABRF/.org/ABRF/.org/ABRF/.org/ABRF/ResearchCommitteesResearchCommitteesResearchCommitteesResearchCommitteesResearchCommitteesResearchCommitteesResearchCommitteesResearchCommittees/MARG//MARG//MARG//MARG//MARG//MARG//MARG//MARG/margmargmargmargmargmargmargmarg.html.html.html.html.html.html.html.html

Association of Association of Association of Association of Association of Association of Association of Association of BiomolecularBiomolecularBiomolecularBiomolecularBiomolecularBiomolecularBiomolecularBiomolecular Resource Facilities (ABRF)Resource Facilities (ABRF)Resource Facilities (ABRF)Resource Facilities (ABRF)Resource Facilities (ABRF)Resource Facilities (ABRF)Resource Facilities (ABRF)Resource Facilities (ABRF)http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.abrfabrfabrfabrfabrfabrfabrfabrf.org/.org/.org/.org/.org/.org/.org/.org/

DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA Microarrays Microarrays Microarrays Microarrays Microarrays Microarrays Microarrays Microarrays httphttphttphttphttphttphttphttp://://://://://://://://barinthbarinthbarinthbarinthbarinthbarinthbarinthbarinth........tripodtripodtripodtripodtripodtripodtripodtripod........comcomcomcomcomcomcomcom/chips./chips./chips./chips./chips./chips./chips./chips.htmlhtmlhtmlhtmlhtmlhtmlhtmlhtml

EPA EPA EPA EPA EPA EPA EPA EPA MicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarrayMicroarray ConsortiumConsortiumConsortiumConsortiumConsortiumConsortiumConsortiumConsortiumhttp://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.epaepaepaepaepaepaepaepa........govgovgovgovgovgovgovgov////////nheerlnheerlnheerlnheerlnheerlnheerlnheerlnheerl////////epamacepamacepamacepamacepamacepamacepamacepamac////////

Gene Chips Gene Chips Gene Chips Gene Chips Gene Chips Gene Chips Gene Chips Gene Chips http://www.genehttp://www.genehttp://www.genehttp://www.genehttp://www.genehttp://www.genehttp://www.genehttp://www.gene--------chips.com/chips.com/chips.com/chips.com/chips.com/chips.com/chips.com/chips.com/

Grid It Grid It Grid It Grid It Grid It Grid It Grid It Grid It

http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.http://www.bsibsibsibsibsibsibsibsi........vtvtvtvtvtvtvtvt........eduedueduedueduedueduedu////////ralscherralscherralscherralscherralscherralscherralscherralscher////////griditgriditgriditgriditgriditgriditgriditgridit////////

http://www.abrf.org/ABRF/ResearchCommittees/MARG/marg.html

http://www.abrf.org

http://barinth.tripod.com/chips.html

http://www.epa.gov/nheerl/epamac

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Web page construction and maintenanceWeb page construction and maintenanceWeb page construction and maintenanceWeb page construction and maintenanceWeb page construction and maintenanceWeb page construction and maintenanceWeb page construction and maintenanceWeb page construction and maintenanceFarhad DhabharFarhad DhabharFarhad DhabharFarhad Dhabhar, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell University

AdviceAdviceAdviceAdviceAdviceAdviceAdviceAdviceAlex Ward, Frost & SullivanAlex Ward, Frost & SullivanAlex Ward, Frost & SullivanAlex Ward, Frost & SullivanTheodore Theodore Theodore Theodore ThannhauserThannhauserThannhauserThannhauser, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell University, Cornell UniversityLaurey SteinkeLaurey SteinkeLaurey SteinkeLaurey Steinke, University of Nebraska Medical CenterUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center

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The State of the Art of Microarray Analysis: A Profile of … · 2015-09-06 · Microarray Research Group 1999/2000 ABRF Microarray Research Group Study The State of the Art of Microarray