The so called ;Oedematous skin disease

Etiology

- Corynebacterium ovis (pseudotuberculosis) was isolated from lesions of diseased animals and after experimental infection in susceptible animals (buffaloes) by S/C injection, the same clinical signs of the disease were obtained. The organism is Gram positive, pleomorphic rod, non spore former and non motile.

Etiology

- On the basis of epidemiological and histopathological studies of the disease by an Egyptian scientist, it was similar to lumpy skin disease of cattle (i.e; caused by virus)

Etiology

- Demonstration of microfilariae in peripheral circulation and successful treatment of affected animals by using antiparasitic drug [Neguvon] concluded that the disease caused by filarial worms.

Epidemiology

- The disease occurs mainly due to wound infection. Insects play a role in the transmission of the disease through their bites, so the disease is more common during summer months in Egypt. Bad hygienic conditions as overcrowd ness, muddy and dirty stables are predisposing to infection.

Epidemiology

- The disease is more common in age group of 5 months up to 3 years. Both sexes are affected, but females usually more susceptible.

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis: the organism inter the body through skin abrasions and wound, then invade the local lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes and abscesses developed as result of exotoxin production.

Clinical signs

1- Fever (39.5-40.5 C) accompanied with signs of fever

Clinical signs

2- Intracutaneous nodules scattered all over the animal body or restricted to neck, sides of abdomen or limbs. Nodules are rounded (0.5-5 cm in diameter) with flat top and tense in touch. Swellings are firm in consistency, hot and painful, puncture of swellings reveal thick creamy pus usually tinged with blood

Clinical signs

3- Edema of limbs

4- Nodules present at throat may lead to suffocation

5- Enlargement of regional lymph nodes (mainly prescapular ) draining affected area and may reach the size of water melon or child head

Clinical signs

6- Nodules may coalesce forming diffuse lesions or large lump which may be resorbed (spontinious recovery), burst leaving very painful eroded surface, infested by screw worm (myasis) or indurated and last for about 12 months

Laboratory diagnosis

1- Bacteria may be demonstrable in pus films

2- Blood agar plates of pus cultures incubated for 24-48 hours produce small, off-white, faintly hemolytic colonies. Biomechanical reaction as catalase positive and ferment glucose with acid production.

Differential diagnosis

Edematous skin disease should be differentiated from other diseases causes skin lesions in buffaloes as skin tuberculosis

Disease should be differentiated from Lumpy Skin Disease

Treatment

1- Surgical interference to remove large lumps

2- Systemic treatment with antibiotics (as penicillin or oxytetracycline daily for one week) + anti-inflammatory + anti histaminic

3- Neguvon [12ml./ 400kg b.wt. By S/C] were used in cases with filarial worms

Thank You

Good LuckGood LuckGood LuckGood Luck

Good LuckGood LuckGood LuckGood Luck

Good LuckGood Luck

Laboratory diagnosis

3- Inhibition of staphylococci beta toxin and synergistic hemolysis with Rhodacoccus equi confirm identification of C. pseudotuberculosis

4- Other tests as complement fixation, indirect hemagglutination, gel diffusion and toxin neutralization