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The Second Brain &The Gut FeelingLeslie Goertzen, LSCSW, LMAC
Objectives
Learn how the brain and digestive system impacts one another and what this does to our everyday lives.
1Learn how the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems play a role in this.
2Be able to identify possible diagnoses when the “second brain” is activated.
3Learn therapy skills that can be utilized to regulate ourselves.
4
Norepinephrine• Found mainly in adrenal glands• Increased blood sugar levels• Increased heart rate• Blood vessels become narrower• Increase blood pressure
Epinephrine• Increased blood sugar levels• Increased heart rate• Relaxation of lung muscles improving breathing• “Adrenaline rush”
Dopamine• “feel good”• Helps digestion• Heart and kidney function• Regulates moods and emotions• Reward seeking behavior• Assists with sleep
Serotonin• The “mood stabilizer” of the body• Reduces depression• Assists with relaxation• Helps to heal wounds• Causes the feeling of nausea• Mainly found in GI tract
Neurotransmitters
The Grumpy Gut
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5772764/table/T1/?report=objectonly
The Gut Feeling• What does it feel like?• What emotions?• Intuition??• Inner voice• Sixth sense• More than likely, it’s good to listen
You didn’t know you were back in school!!
Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic Nervous System
What is trauma??? Oxford Dictionary
https://www.google.com/search?q=trauma&hl=en&sxsrf=ALeKk00Di3ZDHIU9gLBlUftfBnfP7eaQkg%3A1617722189425&ei=TXtsYICzGZqxtQb9rIj4Aw&oq=trauma&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAMyBwgAELEDEEMyBwgAELEDEEMyBwgAELEDEEMyCggAEIcCELEDEBQyBwgAELEDEEMyBAgAEEMyBQgAELEDMgUIABCxAzIECAAQQzIHCC4QsQMQQ1CvElivEmCkFGgAcAJ4AIABngKIAesCkgEFMS4wLjGYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6wAEB&sclient=gws-wiz&ved=0ahUKEwjAjcjj9OnvAhWaWM0KHX0WAj8Q4dUDCA0&uact=5
Factors contributing to intensity of trauma.
Person A• Previously
diagnosed with MDD
• Some financial stress
• Family history of depression and
anxiety.• Little to no
support.• Been told they are
a “worry-wort”• Previously in car
wreck 2 yrs ago
Person B• Previously
diagnosed with MDD
• Some financial stress
• Family history of depression and
anxiety• Has good, healthy
supports• More relaxed
• Never been in a car wreck
• What would it look like 1 week later?
• 1 month later?
• 6 months later?
• What would it look like 1 year later?
• 5 years??• 10 years???
Continued activation of stress/fear response…
On-going gut problems can lead to… Can’t trust the gut
Question *almost* everything-including self
Difficulty with trusting others
Impending doom frequently
GI issues: nausea, diarrhea, constipation, IBS, etc.
Difficulty concentrating
Startled easily
Diagnoses:• PTSD
• Acute Stress Disorder• Major Depression Disorder• Anxiety: Panic Disorder, GAD, etc.
• Eating Disorders• Personality Disorders• Somatic Disorders
• Dissociative Disorders
Somatic & Dissociative Disorders
https://step2.medbullets.com/psychiatry/120644/somatic-symptom-and-related-disorders
Let’s recap, so far…
Stress=trauma
Brain can interpret daily stress as life threatening
This causes continued fight/flight or freeze responses
Which could cause continued GI problems and other issues
• I’m kidding…don’t do this, please.
SKILLS!!!
Stress
Prevention
Self-Care
Mindfulness
Cognitive Skills
Intervention
Movement/Bo
dy
Breath Work
Prevention = Self-Care
https://wordart.com/create
1. What you do.2. What you NEED to do.
Mindfulness
Mindful Practice:• Mindfulness Skills
• What and How Skills• Meditation
• Guided breathing, imagery, Open mind and Focused Mind
• Contemplative Prayer• Mindful Movement
• Yoga, tai chi, horseback riding, walking, dancing, etc.
https://youtu.be/aNCB1MZDgQA
Cognitive SkillsRestructuring Reframing
InterventioNMovement / Body• Stretching/Yoga—especially
sides• Running, jumping jacks, etc.• Cold Water• Progressive Muscle Relaxation• Grounding: 5, 4, 3, 2, 1; bare
feet on the floor/ground• Rocking
Breath Work• 4-7-8 breathing• Box Breathing/4 square method• Belly breathing/blowing balloon• Humming-activates vagus nerve
victory breath https://youtu.be/6sEittuZ3GA
• Alternate Nostril Breathing• Breath of Fire/Wim Hof method
Skills Breakdown
Point
TIPP• Temperature
• Mammalian dive reflex: https://youtu.be/00RKh6NRMqc
• Intense Exercise• Min. 20 minutes• https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-
living/fitness/fitness-basics/target-heart-rates• Paced Breathing
• 4 seconds in• Hold 2 seconds• 6 seconds out• Hold 2 seconds
• Paired Muscle Relaxation• Similar to muscle relaxation• Add breathing and saying “relax” while
releasing muscle groups
Objectives
Learn how the brain and digestive system impacts one another and what this does to our everyday lives.
Learn how the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems play a role in this.
Be able to identify possible diagnoses when the “second brain” is activated.
Learn therapy skills that can be utilized to regulate ourselves.
Questions, comments…Leslie A. Goertzen, LSCSW, LMACCompass Behavioral Health, Dodge [email protected]
references• (2015, April 06). Retrieved April 06, 2021, from https://youtu.be/71pCilo8k4M• (2015, February 02). Retrieved April 06, 2021, from https://youtu.be/aNCB1MZDgQA• (2017, October 05). Retrieved April 06, 2021, from https://youtu.be/VzPD009qTN4• (2018, June 01). Retrieved April 06, 2021, from https://youtu.be/6sEittuZ3GA• 22, M. J., & 24, N. J. (2020, November 13). How Stress And Cortisol Can Affect Your Period. Retrieved April 6, 2021, from
https://nicolejardim.com/the-cortisol-connection/• An Introduction To The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System - iMotions. (2021, February 10). Retrieved April 6, 2021, from
https://imotions.com/blog/nervous-system/• Cognitive Restructuring. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.advancewithava.com/ava-aid/Cognitive-Restructuring• Linehan, M. (2015). DBT skills training handouts and worksheets. New York: The Guilford Press.• Matthew Tull, P. (2019, August 08). How Traumatic Events Cause PTSD. Retrieved April 6, 2021, from
https://www.verywellmind.com/ptsd-causes-and-risk-factors-2797397• Missimer, A. (2020, March 22). How to Map Your Own Nervous Sytem: The Polyvagal Theory. Retrieved April 6, 2021, from
https://themovementparadigm.com/how-to-map-your-own-nervous-sytem-the-polyvagal-theory/• Mittal, R., Debs, L. H., Patel, A. P., Nguyen, D., Patel, K., O'Connor, G., . . . Liu, X. Z. (2017, September). Neurotransmitters: The Critical
Modulators Regulating Gut-Brain Axis. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5772764/table/T1/?report=objectonly
• Posted by Sana I. Powell, M. (2020, April 24). Cognitive Reframing: Quarantine. Retrieved from https://curlytherapist.com/2020/04/24/cognitive-reframing-quarantine/
• Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://step2.medbullets.com/psychiatry/120644/somatic-symptom-and-related-disordersWhat Is the 'Spectrum of Dissociation'? (2021, April 06). Retrieved April 6, 2021, from https://themighty.com/2021/01/spectrum-of-dissociation-daydreaming-disorders/
• Why do I procrastinate to the deadline and play, how can I prevent it? (n.d.). Retrieved April 6, 2021, from https://gigazine.net/gsc_news/en/20160422-how-to-overcome-procrastination/
