The Roman EmpireThe Roman Empire

Romulus and RemusRomulus and Remus

The Seven Hills of RomeThe Seven Hills of Rome

Early Roman HistoryEarly Roman History

Rome began about 800 BCE and they Rome began about 800 BCE and they were ruled by a Monarchywere ruled by a Monarchy

Due to corruption of the king, the people Due to corruption of the king, the people overthrew their monarchy and set up aoverthrew their monarchy and set up a

REPUBLICREPUBLIC in 509 BCE in 509 BCE In a republic, people choose In a republic, people choose

representatives to vote in government for representatives to vote in government for themthem

Cincinnatus, 520-430 BCECincinnatus, 520-430 BCE

Public Service is a dutyPublic Service is a duty He became a Roman He became a Roman

ConsulConsul The legend of The legend of

Cincinnatus is that Cincinnatus is that he was a good and he was a good and trustworthy persontrustworthy person

His country needed His country needed him and he left his him and he left his chosen profession to chosen profession to serve his countryserve his country

There are two classes of people in RomeThere are two classes of people in Rome PatriciansPatricians who are wealthy land owning who are wealthy land owning

nobles or aristocratsnobles or aristocrats Patricians sit in the Senate and make all Patricians sit in the Senate and make all

the lawsthe laws There are three hundred SenatorsThere are three hundred Senators They hold their positions for life and the They hold their positions for life and the

position is usually inherited position is usually inherited The Senate also elects two The Senate also elects two ConsulsConsuls each each

yearyear

Friends, Romans, countrymen, Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your earslend me your ears (I lost (I lost mine) :}mine) :}

Consuls led the army in war, appointed Consuls led the army in war, appointed government officials and acted as government officials and acted as administrators administrators

In times of crisis, the Senate would elect a In times of crisis, the Senate would elect a dictatordictator for usually six months for usually six months

The The plebeiansplebeians were the rest of the population were the rest of the population They could be anyone from a slave to a They could be anyone from a slave to a

wealthy merchantwealthy merchant

Plebeians composed the Plebeians composed the assemblyassembly.. They could sit in the assembly and listen They could sit in the assembly and listen

to the Senate debate lawsto the Senate debate laws But they had no power over them. They But they had no power over them. They

could not votecould not vote But they could speak out at the debatesBut they could speak out at the debates As time evolved, Plebeians won more As time evolved, Plebeians won more

rightsrights

The Twelve Tables, 448 The Twelve Tables, 448 BCEBCE

The Twelve Tables is the first Roman The Twelve Tables is the first Roman Constitution, or laws codified Constitution, or laws codified

They were posted in the Roman Forum for They were posted in the Roman Forum for all to seeall to see

It established the concept that citizens had It established the concept that citizens had rights rights

Roman TribuneRoman Tribune: This is a new position in : This is a new position in government. government.

Tribunes advocated for the Plebeians and Tribunes advocated for the Plebeians and could could veto veto (forbid) laws to be passed(forbid) laws to be passed

The Punic WarsThe Punic Wars

This sea is not big enough for both of us!!This sea is not big enough for both of us!! First Punic War, 264-241 BCEFirst Punic War, 264-241 BCE This war began over trade and control of This war began over trade and control of

the Island of Sicily the Island of Sicily Rome won the war and seized Sicily, Rome won the war and seized Sicily,

Sardinia and Corsica Sardinia and Corsica

SECOND PUNIC WAR, 218 -SECOND PUNIC WAR, 218 -202 BCE202 BCE

Oh, please what was this Oh, please what was this guy thinking??guy thinking??

Hannibal vowed to avenge the loss of the Hannibal vowed to avenge the loss of the First Punic warFirst Punic war

He left from Spain with hundreds of He left from Spain with hundreds of elephants to attack Rome from the northelephants to attack Rome from the north

He needs therapy, lots of therapyHe needs therapy, lots of therapy Oh, he won every battle during the war Oh, he won every battle during the war

except the last battle and then lost the warexcept the last battle and then lost the war Hannibal is often considered one of the Hannibal is often considered one of the

greatest generals evergreatest generals ever

THIRD PUNIC WAR, 149 to THIRD PUNIC WAR, 149 to 146 BCE146 BCE

What the Roman Motto for this war??What the Roman Motto for this war?? Carthage must be destroyed!!!Carthage must be destroyed!!! And it was!! :]And it was!! :] With the Destruction of Carthage, Rome With the Destruction of Carthage, Rome

had no competitorhad no competitor Rome would now expand without Rome would now expand without

interruption for the next 400 yearsinterruption for the next 400 years

The end of Carthage The end of Carthage

The Gracchi BrothersThe Gracchi Brothers Tiberius Gracchus was a Roman Tribune and Tiberius Gracchus was a Roman Tribune and

wanted to help the poor of Romewanted to help the poor of Rome In 133 BCE, he introduced a law seeking land In 133 BCE, he introduced a law seeking land

reformreform Rome had expanded over the centuries, but the Rome had expanded over the centuries, but the

poor did not get the landpoor did not get the land His law would restrict land ownership at 300 His law would restrict land ownership at 300

acres of landacres of land People who owned more than 300 acres had to People who owned more than 300 acres had to

give up their land to the poorgive up their land to the poor

He also wanted to resettle many of the Roman He also wanted to resettle many of the Roman poor on land taken in warpoor on land taken in war

Tiberius was killed in a bloody riot in Rome Tiberius was killed in a bloody riot in Rome after he introduced his lawafter he introduced his law

His brother, Gaius Gracchus, went even further His brother, Gaius Gracchus, went even further with his reformswith his reforms

He introduced laws that would expand voting He introduced laws that would expand voting rights to all males on the Italian peninsularights to all males on the Italian peninsula

He wanted Rome to create new He wanted Rome to create new infrastructure jobs and give then to the infrastructure jobs and give then to the poorpoor

He wanted the government to sell grain to He wanted the government to sell grain to the poor at reduced pricesthe poor at reduced prices

He also wanted land taken in war to be He also wanted land taken in war to be shared with the poor and he wanted land shared with the poor and he wanted land reform in generalreform in general

What happened, you wonder?What happened, you wonder? They killed him too. :]They killed him too. :]