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THE ROLE OF THE STATE IN THE 21st CENTURY: CHALLENGES FOR PUBLIC
MANAGEMENT
Keynote Session 5
Progress and challenges for social development in Brazil
Tiago FalcãoSeptember, 2015
Fundamental objective of the Republic
“To eradicate poverty and substandard living conditions and to reduce social and regional inequalities "
Social Rights
Health, education, work, housing, leisure, security, social security, protection of motherhood and childhood, and assistance to the destitute
Main Guidelines
• universality of coverage and service• uniformity and equivalence of benefits and services for rural and
urban populations• equitable participation in funding• diversity of the financing basis • management decentralization• social participation
Constituição Federal de 1988
SOCIAL POLICIES
Solidarity and social security to people andgroups, in response to
risks, contingencies andsocial needs
Generation and use ofindividual and social
capacities
Social security
Health
Social Assistance
Infrastructure, housing , urbanplanning, sanitation
Employment and income
Education
Agricultural development
Culture
SECTOR POLICIES
Social promotion(opportunities
and results)
Social Protection(social security)
Social Benefits (coverage)
✓ Old-age pension and disability
✓ Aid for occupational accidents and diseases
Social AssistanceBenefits (age, physical disability)
UnemploymentInsurance
Bolsa Família Program
(Conditional cash transference)
Types of Benefits
Contributory
Non-Contributory
INACTIVES* ACTIVES*
(*) Inactive or active in the job m)arket
Real GDP per capita* and Gini Index**
* Values adjusted by GDP deflator ( 2012) .** Monthly income per householdSource: PNAD/IBGE and NSCN/IBGE.
R$
Evolution rate (%) of monetary poverty
8,2
7,16,5
5,3 4,94,2 4,0 3,7
2,9 3,1
23,7
21,5
20,3
16,3
15,1
13,312,2
10,2
8,0 7,8
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014
Extremamente pobres Pobres
Source: PNAD/IBGE. Elaboração: MDS.
8.3% 8.1%7.8%
7.0%
5.4%
4.4%
3.4%
2.9%
1.8%1.5%
1.1%
0,0%
1,0%
2,0%
3,0%
4,0%
5,0%
6,0%
7,0%
8,0%
9,0%
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 2013
Pobreza crônica, SAGI/MDS
Source: PNAD-IBGE. Prepared by: MDS e Banco Mundial
Evolution of multidimensional poverty
28,70 29,5031,40
33,2035,20
37,6039,40
41,2044,10
46,30 47,4048,90 49,49
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 (j-jun)
Source: RAIS/MTE
Evolution of formal jobs (millions)
BRAZIL - population malnutrition (%)
Source: FAO, 2014 . Prepared by SAGI/MDS.
82% deredução
1,7%
-1,0
1,0
3,0
5,0
7,0
9,0
11,0
13,0
15,0
% Population
Triennium
Malnutrition
29,02
27,48
26,04
24,68
23,39
22,18
21,0419,98
18,9918,07
17,2216,43
15,6915,02
14,413,82
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
MDG goal
Infant Mortality
Source: IBGE.
Rate per 1,000 live births
Life Expectancy at birth
66,967,3
67,768,1
68,568,9
69,369,7
70,170,4
70,871,1
71,471,7
72,172,4 72,5
73
73,3
62
64
66
68
70
72
74
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Source: IBGE.
Illiteracy (15 to24 years old)
Source: IBGE.
9,73
1,26
0,00
5,00
10,00
15,00
20,00
25,00
Região Centro-oeste Região Norte Região Nordeste Região Sul Região Sudeste Brasil
Average years of schooling
Source: IBGE.
4,8
7,7
0,0
1,0
2,0
3,0
4,0
5,0
6,0
7,0
8,0
9,0
Região Centro-oeste Região Norte Região Nordeste Região Sul Região Sudeste Brasil
✓ Social Policies financing : highly regressive taxstructure ; per capita spending
✓ Equity Promotion
✓ Quality assurance: gigantic systems andheterogeneities
✓ Demographic transition : bonus ?
✓ "New " agenda : socio-environmental , youth, infancy, violence ...
Challenges
Thank [email protected] www.wwp.org.br
