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The Role of Public Health in the Prevention of Infectious Diseases . Public health measures typically involves eliminating the pathogen from its reservoir or from it route of transmission. Safe Water. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Role of Public Health in the Prevention of
Infectious Diseases.
Public health measurestypically involves eliminating the pathogen from its reservoir or from it route of transmission
Safe WaterUS water used for
washing drinking, and preparing food is purified before it goes into homes to kill pathogens
Purified through settling, filtration, and chlorination
Sewage Treatment and Disposal
Sewage includes washwater, water from toilets, and storm run-off
These fluids carry pathogens for diseases such as hepatitis
US government mandatesThat sewage be treatedTo eliminate pathogens
Food SafetyUS has many
standards, inspection plans and regulations dealing with food preparation, handling, and distribution
Meat-packing facilities areinspected to detect diseasedanimals and ensure standards for meat cutting andrefrigeration are observedRestaurants and supermarkets are inspected
Milk is pasturized, dated forsale, and is analyzed for contamination
Animal Control Program
,
Animals carry many diseases that affect humans
Domestic herds are inspected for tuberculosis and brucellosis
Owners of pets must show proof of rabies vaccination.
Rabid animals must be destroyed
Animal Control ProgramsBubonic plague
is spread by rats so rat control in urban areas is a public health effort
Animal Control Program Insects carry many diseases suchas malariaNeed to eliminate insect breeding areas by 1. Draining areas where stagnant water collects 2. Using pesticides
Vaccination ProgramsVaccination
programs mandate that children be vaccinated prior to starting school
If a certain proportion of a population (treshold proportion) is immune to a disease, the pathogen that causes the disease will be unable to reproduce itself at a high enough level to maintain itself in the populationThis is called herd immunity and the pathogen could be eliminated from the population
Public Health Organizations
Enforce regulations
Provide public health services
Monitor and report incidence of Disases to state and federal agencies
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Is an agency of the US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)
Supports health-related research aimed at preventing, treating, and controlling infectious diseases
Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
In Atlanta, GeorgiaInvestigates disease
outbreaks, publishes reports,
sponsors education
programs/ research, and reference labs
Food and Drug Administration(FDA)
Monitors safety of food, medicines and other products
World Health Organization (WHO)Provides
international surveillance
and control of disease
Coordinates multinational vaccination campaigns
The End