THE ROLE OF OMBUDSMAN REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA AND …iibic.org/.../11/2.-Prof.-Adrianus-Meliala-Anggota-Ombudsman-RI.pdf · OMBUDSMAN REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA AND EFFORT TO IMPROVE THE

THE ROLE OF OMBUDSMAN REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

AND EFFORT TO IMPROVE THE EASE OF DOING BUSINESS

IN INDONESIA

2016

Speaker

Adrianus Meliala

• Drs (UI), MSi.(UI), MSc.(MMU), Ph.D(UQ)

• Commissioner/Member of Ombudsman RI, 2016-2021

• Former Commissioner of National Police Commission, 2012-2016

• Professor of Criminology, University of Indonesia, 2006-Now

International Business Integrity

Conference, November 2016 2

The Ease Of Doing Business and Public Service

• The Ease of Doing Business closely relates to public service

• The easier service is delivered, the more economic development can be geared toward increasing welfare of society

• State should guarantee good delivery of public service including the ease of doing business in this country to ascertain good investment climate



Position of Ombudsman RI

Ombudsman RI is the one and only law enforcer in the field of administrative law toward all public and public-related institutions in Indonesia

Through various mechanisms and using the perspective of maladministration, Ombudsman RI has a pivotal role in controlling and supporting all public service providers to enable them to deliver a quick, reliable , easy to access and no corruption public service



Ombudsman RI and Supporting Business Sector

• Supporting better rank of ease of doing business in Indonesia is rather a new, additional and indirect role of Ombudsman RI

• It seems more strategic and important to be paid attention to since President Joko Widodo has commented on it several times

• Despite our limitation, Ombudsman RI has dedicated itself to be hand-in-hand with other state institutions by, at least, to pursue anti corruption culture in doing business



Survey Ease Of Doing Business by the World Bank

• Indonesia stays at the rank of 109 from 189 countries

• Survey period is started from 2 Juni 2014 to 2015 at One-Door Service Center (PTSP) in Surabaya and Jakarta

• The EODB’s rank should be seen as qualitative image of a country, this deserves a continuing annual increase



Elements Surveyed

1. Starting A Business *

2. Dealing with Construction Permits *

3. Registering Property *

4. Paying Taxes

5. Getting Credit

6. Enforcing Contract *

7. Getting Electricity

8. Trading Across Borders

9. Resolving Insolvency

10.Protecting Minority Investors *



* Items seem relevant

to Ombudsman scope

of work

The Urgency of this Survey

To the Government, as indicator of reaction of private sector in responding investment-related policies

To Private Sector, this may increase positive investment climate

To Society, better investment climate will directly or indirectly improve public welfare through new investment and availability of job opportunity



Comparison of Index Score of Indonesia 2015 dan 2016



Aspect 2015 2016 Notes

Starting Business 173 163 Down 10 points

Dealing with Construction Permits

107 110

Registering Property 131 131

Getting Credit 70 71

Protecting Minority Investors 88 87

Paying Taxes 148 160 Up 12 points

Trading Across Borders 105 104

Enforcing Contracts 170 170

Resolving Insolvency 77 73

http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/indonesia/

http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/indonesia/

Comparison with Other Countries Countries Ranks

Laos 134

India 130

Indonesia 109

Filipina 103

Vietnam 90

Tiongkok 84

Thailand 49

Jepang 34

Malaysia 18

Korea 4

Singapura 1



Notes on 2016 Index

Starting A Business in Indonesia: suffers declining score since there are still 13 procedure and 47 days needed to start up a business. Ones which still take time more than 10 days are regulation on Surat Ijin Usaha Perdagangan (SIUP) and Tanda Daftar Perusahaan (TDP)

Taxation enjoys rank increase due to simplification of procedure, from 54 to 10 procedures only

Permission for Construction (using warehouse as sample) takes average cost of Rp. 86.367.000,-, around 110 working days and 17 procedures



Our Data

• Ombudsman RI spends resources to focus into several strategic public services that closely related to the ease of business such as: land management, permit and regulations, immigration, tax and custom

• Education, Land Management, Local Government-related Issues and Police Work are 4 (four) sectors most often complained about. Relatively Speaking, Ombudsman RI observes steady but sure improvement in those sectors.

• However, land management as managed by Badan Pertanahan Nasional (the National Land State Body) seems to be the worst .



Statistic on Public Complaint that relates to Investment Sector and Other Substance that Support Business Investment

(Regulation/PTSP, Tax, Foreign Investment, Banking, Electricity, Land, Custom)



6678 6859

7650

1125 1410

2476

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

2014 2015 2016*)

Total Laporan Tahunan Laporan Terkait Sektor Usaha



Total Complaint with Substance on Maladministration

Relating Business

Dugaan Maladministrasi

Substansi Laporan

Total Cukai dan Pajak Listrik

Penanaman Modal

Perbankan Perijinan (PTSP) Pertanahan

Jml % Jml % Jml % Jml % Jml % Jml % Jml %

Berpihak 0 0.0% 1 0.5% 0 0.0% 2 0.6% 0 0.0% 8 0.8% 11 0.4%

Diskriminasi 5 1.6% 2 1.1% 1 1.5% 3 0.8% 9 1.4% 6 0.6% 26 0.9%

Konflik Kepentingan 60 19.7% 3 1.6% 2 3.0% 4 1.1% 7 1.1% 12 1.3% 88 1.0%

Penundaan Berlarut 32 10.5% 20 10.9% 10 14.9% 85 23.5% 163 26.0% 353 37.9% 663 28.6%

Penyalahgunaan Wewenang

25 8.2% 22 12.0% 10 14.9% 43 11.9% 82 13.1% 124 13.3% 306 10.5%

Penyimpangan Prosedur 40 13.2% 20 10.9% 24 35.8% 100 27.6% 149 23.7% 156 16.7% 489 22.3%

Permintaan Imbalan Uang, Barang dan Jasa

58 19.1% 14 7.6% 3 4.5% 4 1.1% 56 8.9% 41 4.4% 176 5.5%

Tidak Kompeten 39 12.8% 10 5.4% 5 7.5% 49 13.5% 53 8.4% 58 6.2% 214 8.9%

Tidak Memberikan Pelayanan

35 11.5% 50 27.2% 4 6.0% 40 11.0% 83 13.2% 146 15.7% 358 17.4%

Tidak Patut 10 3.3% 42 22.8% 8 11.9% 32 8.8% 26 4.1% 29 3.1% 147 4.6%

TOTAL 304 100% 184 100% 67 100% 362 100% 628 100% 931 100% 2476 100%

SUBSTANCE OF COMPLAINT THAT RELATES TRADING, AND BUSINESS PERMISSION

2014 – 2016*)





By : TIM PTIPP – Pencegahan, Ombudsman RI

DISTRIBUTION ON PROVINCE WHERE COMPLAINANT MAY COME FROM 2014 – 2016*)





One-Stop Service Center

7.4%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.3%

0.3%

0.3%

0.5%

0.7%

0.7%

0.7%

0.7%

0.9%

0.9%

0.9%

0.9%

0.9%

1.0%

1.2%

1.4%

1.4%

1.5%

1.7%

2.4%

2.9%

3.3%

4.1%

9.1%

21.0%

31.3%

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% 35.0%

Lainnya

Izin Jasa Cargo

Izin Penyelenggaraan Kursus / Balai Pelatihan

Izin Perkapalan

Izin Usaha Pemotongan Unggas

Izin Usaha Perikanan

Izin Usaha Perkebunan

Permohonan Konvensi

TDUP

TNKB

Izin Usaha Café/Restoran

Izin Usaha Panti Pijat

SIPA

Izin Usaha Toko Modern

AMDAL

Izin Pendirian SPBU

Izin pengelolaan hutan

SITU

Izin Usaha Jasa Konstruksi (IUJK)

Izin Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah

Izin Usaha Perhotelan

Izin Usaha Rekreasi dan Hiburan Umum

SKDU

Izin Prinsip

Izin Galian

Izin Reklame

TDP

Izin Usaha Industri

Izin Operasional

Izin Lokasi

izin Gangguan (HO)

Izin Usaha Jasa Pertambangan (IUJP)

Izin Usaha Perdagangan (SIUP)

Izin Pendirian Tower Telekomunikasi

Izin Mendirikan Bangunan (IMB)

Pelayanan Kantor PTSP



Tax and Custom

7.0%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

1.2%

1.2%

1.6%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

2.1%

2.9%

3.3%

3.7%

3.7%

3.7%

3.7%

4.1%

4.5%

7.8%

12.0%

12.0%

17.4%

0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0% 14.0% 16.0% 18.0% 20.0%

Lainnya

Cukai Rokok

Denda Pajak

Jasa Konsultasi Pajak

Penggelapan Pajak

Premi Asuransi Kecelakaan

Pajak Reklame

Pengurangan Pajak

NJOP

Pelayanan Petugas Bea Cukai

SPPT

SPT Tahunan

Retribusi Tempat Pariwisata

BPHTB

Retribusi Daerah

Tarif Pas Pelabuhan / Bandara / terminal

Bea Ekspor dan Impor

NPWP

PPn (Pajak Penghasilan)

Penetapan Pajak

Retribusi Parkir

Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan

Pelayanan Petugas Pajak

Pelayanan Petugas Samsat

Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor (PKB)



Electricity

1.3%

0.6%

0.6%

0.9%

1.3%

1.5%

1.5%

1.7%

1.9%

1.9%

1.9%

2.3%

2.3%

2.6%

2.6%

3.2%

4.0%

13.0%

16.4%

18.1%

20.4%

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0%

Lainnya

Pembangunan Pembangkit listrik

Penurunan Daya Listrik

P2TL

Mutasi Listrik Prabayar

Pembangunan SUTET

Perbaikan Jaringan Listrik

Akses Pelayanan Listrik

Distribusi Listrik

Penerangan Jalan

Gangguan Listrik

Penambahan Daya Listrik

Pencabutan Meteran Listrik

Pembangunan Gardu/Tiang Listrik

Pemindahan Jaringan Listrik

Pencatatan Meteran Listrik

Pemutusan Aliran Listrik

Pelayanan Petugas PLN

Pemasangan Listrik

Tagihan Listrik

Pemadaman Listrik



Foreign and Domestic Investment

16.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

1.7%

3.3%

3.3%

3.4%

6.7%

8.3%

10.0%

20.0%

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0%

Lainnya

Anggaran Belanja Daerah

Bunga Pinjaman

Invetasi Modal Usaha

Lokasi Usaha

Pendirian Usaha Industri

Badan Usaha Jasa Pertambangan (IUJP)

Badan Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah

Jaminan Pinjaman

Kepemilikan Saham

Pajak Industri

Pembayaran Kredit

Penerbitan Usaha

Pengadaan Barang dan Jasa

Penghentian Operasionlisasi BUMD

Perjanjian Pinjaman / Pembiayaan

Rekening Perbankan

Rekomendasi Izin Badan Usaha

Pencairan Dana / Modal

Pengelolaan Objek Wisata

Pengalihan Aset

Penggelapan Investasi Usaha

Kerjasama Perdagangan

Bantuan Dana / Permodalan

Penyelenggaraan Koperasi



Banking

3.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

0.5%

0.5%

0.5%

0.5%

0.7%

0.9%

1.2%

1.4%

1.7%

1.9%

2.8%

5.2%

5.4%

6.4%

7.8%

11.3%

14.4%

32.3%

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% 35.0%

Lainnya

Deposito

Hipotik

Pelayanan Petugas OJK

Pembiayaan Kepemilikan Emas

Pengalihan Aset Jaminan Perbankan

PNPM

Asuransi Perbankan

Bantuan Pembiayaan

Penggunaan Dana

Permohonan Informasi

Kerjasama Perbankan

ATM

Dana Pensiun

Penyitaan Agunan Kredit

Kartu Kredit

Perjanjian Kerja

Kredit Perumahan

Proses Pelelangan

Account Bank

Transaksi Perbankan

Pembayaran Kredit

Pelayanan Perbankan

Jaminan Pinjaman

Perjanjian Pinjaman / Pembiayaan



Land Management

0.5%

0.1%

0.1%

0.3%

0.6%

0.8%

1.2%

1.3%

1.5%

1.5%

2.8%

3.3%

3.8%

4.9%

11.0%

14.0%

17.0%

35.3%

0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% 35.0% 40.0%

Lainnya

Informasi Status Tanah

Tagihan Denda UWTO

Informasi Kepemilikan Tanah/Lahan

SPPT

Sporadik Tanah

Izin Mendirikan Bangunan (IMB)

Peralihan Tanah

Tapal Batas

Sengketa Tanah adat/Ulayat

Penguasaan Tanah Sepihak

Pengukuran Tanah

Pembebasan Lahan

Ganti Rugi Lahan

Hak Guna Usaha (HGU)

Hak Guna Bangunan (HGB)

Sengketa Lahan/Tanah

Sertifikat Tanah

24

Subject

of

Complaint

1

2

3

4

• Fail to Deliver Services (17 %)

• Breach of Procedure (22 %)

• Others (31 %)

• Undue Delay (30 %)

25

What Happened Once Complaint is Submitted

Ombudsman RI pursues clarification on case complained

Series of Workshop on EODB, 2016



Palembang

Makassar Surabaya

Next Year

• To launch massive survey on Index of Public Satisfaction on Public Service

• To launch massive survey on Index of Maladministration conducted by Public Service Provider Institutions



Thank you



Documents

THE ROLE OF OMBUDSMAN REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA AND …iibic.org/.../11/2.-Prof.-Adrianus-Meliala-Anggota-Ombudsman-RI.pdf · OMBUDSMAN REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA AND EFFORT TO IMPROVE THE