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The role of farm animals in a
circular food system
Hannah van Zanten
Planet Earth
10 Billion in 2050
Feed-food competition
Feed-food competition
Role of animals in sustainable diet?
Production narrative
“Produce more with less”
Consumption narrative
“Eat less, no ASF”
Circular narrative
“Animals as recyclers”
Role of animals in a circular food system
Role of animals in a circular food system
Van Zanten et al. 2018aDefining a land boundary for sustainable livestock consumptionGlobal Change Biology
9-23g
Vegan
Daily protein requirement (60g)
Plant protein Animal protein
How much animal protein can we
consume?
2/3 of current consumption ASF without feed-food competition
60 g protein neededLivestock important role in global food supply
Van Zanten et al. 2018aDefining a land boundary for sustainable livestock consumptionGlobal Change Biology
Schader et al. 2015
Van Zanten et al. 2016
Roos et al. 2017
Eating food from recyclers results in lowest
land use
Global versus local
Van Zanten et al. 2018aDefining a land boundary for sustainable livestock consumptionGlobal Change Biology
Its not only about proteins
12
Van Zanten et al. 2018aDefining a land boundary for sustainable livestock consumptionGlobal Change BiologyRole of fish and insects?
Parodi et al. 2018Future foods: towards a sustainable and healthy diet for a growing populationUnder review, Nature Sustainability
Van Zanten et al. 2018bThe role of farm animals in a circular food systemInvited paper for Global Food Security, submitted
Animals in a circular food system show potential
Questions
• ‘No-regret’ solutions:
- no waste
- Precision feeding
- Optimal health and welfare
- Excreta humans and animals
- Consume less animal products
• What do we want?
• How to get there?
Animals are essential for food production
- circular narrative -
Unarticulated value: animals value “leftover” streamsResourc
e u
se
g protein from ASF in diet
7-27 g
Feeding maximum amount of people
resource use or emissions
Not increasing efficiency of the animal but increasing efficiency of food system
Slaughter Selling ConsumptionBroiler production
Reduce environmental impact per unit of ASF
Produce more with less
- production narrative -
METRIC
resource use or emissions in chain
unit of ASF
Consume less, better or no ASF
- consumption narrative -
0
50
100
150
200
250
Wheat Chicken Pork Beef Milk Egg
- Land footprint: m2 per kg edible protein -
De Vries & De Boer (2010) Livestock Science
Consume less, no or better ASF
- consumption narrative -
Annual consumption per person
kg milk
kg pork
kg cod
kg potatoes
kg beans
....
METRIC
Footprint per product
m2 per kg milk
m2 kg pork
m2 kg cod
m2 kg potatoes
m2 kg beans
....
Underlying metric is the same as for production narrative
Consume less, no or better ASF
- consumption narrative -
Recommended
intakeMeier & Christen (2013) Environmental Science and Technology
Footprint studies ignore ....
• “product-packages“
no milk without meat, no sugar without beet-pulp
• “feed-food” competition
Production narrative
“Produce more with less”
Consumption narrative
“Eat less, no ASF”
Circular narrative
“Animals as recyclers”
22
Parodi et al. 2018Future foods: towards a sustainable and healthy diet for a growing populationUnder review, Nature Sustainability
