THE ROCK CYCLE

BY Lacey Tait

The Rock Cycle

CONTINUE QUIZ MOVIE ASSIGNMENT SOURCES

INTRODUCTION Today we are

going to be like geologist and learn to identify rocks by their different characteristics.

NEXT

THE ROCK CYCLE• The rock cycle begins with

igneous rock, created by magma, flowing to Earth's surface.

• Weathering alters the rock chemically and breaks it into particles. The particles accumulate and harden to form sedimentary rock.

• As the sedimentary rock becomes buried, heat and pressure transform it into metamorphic rock.

• With enough heating, metamorphic rocks melt into magma that can form igneous rock, completing the cycle.

NEXTBACK

Characteristics Igneous

With or without observable crystals Not in layers With or without air holes Could be glass-like

Sedimentary Rounded-appearing mineral and rock particles

that are cemented together Often in layers

Metamorphic Crystals/minerals lined up (aligned) Often in layers, sheet-like

BACK Music Video

Bill Nye: “Rocks Rock Harder”

BACK

IGNEOUSOnce were molten rock, their locations in Earth’s crust controlled the

rate at which they cooled.

2 Types Extrusive rock forms from magma that reaches Earth's surface. The

magma emerges as streams of hot lava or as fine cinders and ash. Volcanoes are piles of lava, cinder, and ash that have accumulated over tens, hundreds, or even millions of years.

Intrusive rocks form from magma that does not rise all the way to Earth's surface. Instead, it pushes into older rock formations and hardens into structures called intrusions.

SEDIMENTARYEroded materials, dissolved mineral, and the remains of living things

are moved by water and wind and deposited as sediments. Sedimentary rock is formed when these sediments become solid

material.

3 Types1. Clastic- sediments-are rock fragments that range in size from large boulders

and stones, through pebbles and gravel, to grains of sand and particles of silt (fine dirt) and clay. Air, water, and frost create these sediments by weathering rock, breaking it into fragments.

2. Chemical sediments- minerals that dissolve in water. When the water evaporates, the minerals crystallize, leaving deposits of such minerals as rock salt, phosphate rock, and gypsum.

3. Organic sediments- are the shells, skeletons, and other parts of once-living things.

METAMORPHICChanged by heat and pressure over time, but not enough to melt them. These rocks may have been buried under Earth’s surface or have been near a heat

source.

Metamorphic rock forms when a rock's appearance—and, in most cases, its mineral composition—changes. Geologists call this process of change metamorphism.

WHAT TYPE OF ROCK

AM I?NEX

T

WHAT TYPE OF ROCK AM I?

I have layers.

BACK NEX

T

WHAT TYPE OF ROCK AM I?

I have distinct

particles. BA CK NEXT

WHAT TYPE OF ROCK AM I?

I am light weight and

light colored. BAC

KNEX

T

I am a sedimentary rock.

NEXT

WHAT TYPE OF ROCK AM I?

I am formed from

magma.NEX

T

WHAT TYPE OF ROCK AM I?

When I cool I form

crystals.

BACK

NEXT

WHAT TYPE OF ROCK AM I?

I look glassy.

BACK

NEXT

I am an igneous rock.

NEXT

WHAT TYPE OF ROCK AM I?

I have thick layers.

NEXT

WHAT TYPE OF ROCK AM I?

I am tightly compacted.

BACK NEXT

WHAT TYPE OF ROCK AM I?

I am shiny.

BACK NEXT

I am a metamorphic rock.

Homework Assignment Take pictures of rocks around your home, look

at the different characteristics of each rock and decide what type of rocks they are. Record your observations in a journal. Report back to class ready to present your information.

EXTRA CREDIT

Watch the movie then answer the 5 true/false questions and turn them in tomorrow.

EXTRA CREDITAdditional

Info

BACK

Sources

• Cloos, Mark. "Rock." World Book Student. World Book, 2011. Web. 17 June 2011. http://www.worldbookonline.com/student/article?id=ar472260&st=rock+cycle

• “Minerals and Rocks.” http://www.unm.edu/~natsci/rxs_xls.htm

Lesson plans:-Classifying Rocks and Minerals by Teresa Hislop and Jennifer

Edwards-Rock Discovery by Utah Lesson Plans

Core Standards4th Grade Science

• Standard 3Students will understand the basic properties of rocks, the processes involved in the formation of soils, and the needs of plants provided by soil.

• Objective 1Identify basic properties of minerals and rocks.