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10/21/2015
1
The Rise and
Impact of Islam
Origins of Islam�Muhammad (founder), Allah sent
him an angel, Gabriel – Muhammad
was told he is a messenger.
�Islam: “submission to
the will of Allah” in Arabic
�Muslim: “one who has submitted”
10/21/2015
2
Beliefs�5 Pillars: Faith, Prayer, Alms,
Fasting, & Pilgrimage
�Qur’an or Koran: Muslim
holy book
�People follow the Sunna
(Muhammad’s example) &
Shar’ia (law)
Religion Divides�Muhammad died in 632 A.D. & didn’t tell
how to choose a successor (caliph)
�Muslims split over the next caliph: Sunni
and Shi’a
�“Rightly Guided Caliphs” 4 were chosen
after Muhammad’s death: loyal friends of
Muhammad
10/21/2015
3
Sunni & Shi’aSunni
�Believed Muslim rulers
should follow the Sunna,
Muhammad’s example
Shi’a
�Believed Ali,
Muhammad’s son-in-
law, should have
succeed Muhammad
�Believed Muslim rulers
should descend from
Muhammad
Muslim
Contributions
To The World
Unit 2, SSWH 5 b & d
10/21/2015
4
Trade & Economy�Major trading network connected
China, Europe, & India
�Muslims only needed to speak Arabic
& used one currency, Abbasid dinar
�Muslims created banks for trade &
“sakk” (checks) (prevented travelers
from being robbed)
Impact on Society� Education:
Encouraged within Muslim Culture
House of Wisdom—preserves knowledge
Schools of philosophy, medicine, language and large libraries
�Medicine: knowledge of Greece, Syria, Arabic, Indian sources
Al-Razi: greatest physicians – wrote books on medicine, Discovered that clean air can help heal you faster
10/21/2015
5
Impact on Society�Medicine:
Ibn-Sina: Discovered tuberculosis is contagious, can spread through water & soil, person’s emotional health is influenced by the physical health, 1st to describe: Meningitis, parts of the eye, &valves of the heart
�Geography:
Ibn-Battuta: Muslim Explorer who traveled over 75, 000 miles and to every Muslim land, detailed map information and worked for foreign leaders
Impact on Society� Math:
Al-Jabr: wrote a book on a math technique today we call Algebra
� Science:
Ibn-Alhazen: wrote a book called Optics
� Art:
Calligraphy
The Thousand and One Nights
10/21/2015
1
The Rise and
Impact of Islam
Origins of Islam�Muhammad (founder), Allah sent
him an angel, Gabriel – Muhammad
was told he is a messenger.
�Islam: “submission to
the will of Allah” in Arabic
�Muslim: “one who has submitted”
10/21/2015
2
Beliefs�5 Pillars: Faith, Prayer, Alms,
Fasting, & Pilgrimage
�Qur’an or Koran: Muslim
holy book
�People follow the Sunna
(Muhammad’s example) &
Shar’ia (law)
Religion Divides�Muhammad died in 632 A.D. & didn’t tell
how to choose a successor (caliph)
�Muslims split over the next caliph: Sunni
and Shi’a
�“Rightly Guided Caliphs” 4 were chosen
after Muhammad’s death: loyal friends of
Muhammad
10/21/2015
3
Sunni & Shi’aSunni
�Believed Muslim rulers
should follow the Sunna,
Muhammad’s example
Shi’a
�Believed Ali,
Muhammad’s son-in-
law, should have
succeed Muhammad
�Believed Muslim rulers
should descend from
Muhammad
Muslim
Contributions
To The World
Unit 2, SSWH 5 b & d
10/21/2015
4
Trade & Economy�Major trading network connected
China, Europe, & India
�Muslims only needed to speak Arabic
& used one currency, Abbasid dinar
�Muslims created banks for trade &
“sakk” (checks) (prevented travelers
from being robbed)
Impact on Society� Education:
Encouraged within Muslim Culture
House of Wisdom—preserves knowledge
Schools of philosophy, medicine, language and large libraries
�Medicine: knowledge of Greece, Syria, Arabic, Indian sources
Al-Razi: greatest physicians – wrote books on medicine, Discovered that clean air can help heal you faster
10/21/2015
5
Impact on Society�Medicine:
Ibn-Sina: Discovered tuberculosis is contagious, can spread through water & soil, person’s emotional health is influenced by the physical health, 1st to describe: Meningitis, parts of the eye, &valves of the heart
�Geography:
Ibn-Battuta: Muslim Explorer who traveled over 75, 000 miles and to every Muslim land, detailed map information and worked for foreign leaders
Impact on Society� Math:
Al-Jabr: wrote a book on a math technique today we call Algebra
� Science:
Ibn-Alhazen: wrote a book called Optics
� Art:
Calligraphy
The Thousand and One Nights
10/21/2015
1
The Rise and
Impact of Islam
Origins of Islam�Muhammad (founder), Allah sent
him an angel, Gabriel – Muhammad
was told he is a messenger.
�Islam: “submission to
the will of Allah” in Arabic
�Muslim: “one who has submitted”
10/21/2015
2
Beliefs�5 Pillars: Faith, Prayer, Alms,
Fasting, & Pilgrimage
�Qur’an or Koran: Muslim
holy book
�People follow the Sunna
(Muhammad’s example) &
Shar’ia (law)
Religion Divides�Muhammad died in 632 A.D. & didn’t tell
how to choose a successor (caliph)
�Muslims split over the next caliph: Sunni
and Shi’a
�“Rightly Guided Caliphs” 4 were chosen
after Muhammad’s death: loyal friends of
Muhammad
10/21/2015
3
Sunni & Shi’aSunni
�Believed Muslim rulers
should follow the Sunna,
Muhammad’s example
Shi’a
�Believed Ali,
Muhammad’s son-in-
law, should have
succeed Muhammad
�Believed Muslim rulers
should descend from
Muhammad
Muslim
Contributions
To The World
Unit 2, SSWH 5 b & d
10/21/2015
4
Trade & Economy�Major trading network connected
China, Europe, & India
�Muslims only needed to speak Arabic
& used one currency, Abbasid dinar
�Muslims created banks for trade &
“sakk” (checks) (prevented travelers
from being robbed)
Impact on Society� Education:
Encouraged within Muslim Culture
House of Wisdom—preserves knowledge
Schools of philosophy, medicine, language and large libraries
�Medicine: knowledge of Greece, Syria, Arabic, Indian sources
Al-Razi: greatest physicians – wrote books on medicine, Discovered that clean air can help heal you faster
10/21/2015
5
Impact on Society�Medicine:
Ibn-Sina: Discovered tuberculosis is contagious, can spread through water & soil, person’s emotional health is influenced by the physical health, 1st to describe: Meningitis, parts of the eye, &valves of the heart
�Geography:
Ibn-Battuta: Muslim Explorer who traveled over 75, 000 miles and to every Muslim land, detailed map information and worked for foreign leaders
Impact on Society� Math:
Al-Jabr: wrote a book on a math technique today we call Algebra
� Science:
Ibn-Alhazen: wrote a book called Optics
� Art:
Calligraphy
The Thousand and One Nights
