The Richer, The Richer, the Poorer the Poorer

Lesson 10 text ALesson 10 text A

Mathew Effect--Biblical Mathew Effect--Biblical

• For unto every one that hath For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall shall be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him have abundance: but from him that hath not shall be taken that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath." (away even that which he hath." (MatthewMatthew XXVXXV:29, KJV).:29, KJV).

• This line is sometimes taken in This line is sometimes taken in isolation as claiming "the rich get isolation as claiming "the rich get richer and the poor get poorer"; richer and the poor get poorer"; taken in context, it asserts that taken in context, it asserts that ambition and risk-taking will be ambition and risk-taking will be rewarded, while those who fail to rewarded, while those who fail to utilize the talents loaned to them utilize the talents loaned to them will be punished. will be punished.

Happiness is ……Happiness is ……• Leading a full filled and rewarding lifeLeading a full filled and rewarding life• Loving and being lovedLoving and being loved• Give a happy and true grin everydayGive a happy and true grin everyday• You can do whatever you want to doYou can do whatever you want to do• Lead your life as you want it to beLead your life as you want it to be• Spiritual feeling beyond material Spiritual feeling beyond material satisfaction satisfaction

• Work your way out from sufferingWork your way out from suffering• Be clear about what you should and not to doBe clear about what you should and not to do• To be wholeTo be whole

• Satisfied with what you have, Satisfied with what you have, and ambitious about what you and ambitious about what you still wantstill want

• To discover and cherish what you To discover and cherish what you havehave

Warming-up discussionWarming-up discussion

• A wise man once said that A wise man once said that happiness is somewhere between too happiness is somewhere between too much and too littlemuch and too little. Do you agree?. Do you agree?

Understanding of the textUnderstanding of the text

• Main themeMain theme• Main charactersMain characters• Main plotMain plot• Can you compare the two main figures Can you compare the two main figures by drawing a diagram?by drawing a diagram?

• Can you describe the two contrasting Can you describe the two contrasting lifestyle and have you seen any story lifestyle and have you seen any story like that in real life? like that in real life?

Lesson 10:Lesson 10:

From comparison between two ways of life led From comparison between two ways of life led by the two sisters to reflect two different by the two sisters to reflect two different lifestyles and imply some understanding on lifestyles and imply some understanding on the notion ‘poor and rich’, the notion ‘poor and rich’,

Life stories---life styles---richer and Life stories---life styles---richer and poorerpoorer

Lottie and Bess from young to oldLottie and Bess from young to old

‘‘All work no play’ vs ‘all play no work’All work no play’ vs ‘all play no work’

Group workGroup work

• 1. Read through paragraph 1 to 9 by 1. Read through paragraph 1 to 9 by yourself;yourself;

• 2. Try to find out the problems or 2. Try to find out the problems or difficulties in understanding the difficulties in understanding the text in each paragraph; text in each paragraph;

• 3. Pick out the useful phrases and 3. Pick out the useful phrases and expressions together with your expressions together with your partners.partners.

Word studyWord study

• 1.1. lean lean• v.v. ---rest on sth for support ---rest on sth for support

~ against: a ladder leaning ~ against: a ladder leaning against the wallagainst the wall

• ~ on / upon: The old man leaned ~ on / upon: The old man leaned upon his stick.upon his stick.

•   lean upon others for guidancelean upon others for guidance

a.a. ---without much flesh / thin and healthy ---without much flesh / thin and healthy• a lean bodya lean body• ---containing no or little fat---containing no or little fat•   lean beef         lean meatlean beef         lean meat• ---small in amount or quantity / not ---small in amount or quantity / not productiveproductive

•   a lean diet   a lean harvesta lean diet   a lean harvest•     a lean year  a lean year  • a lean season for good filmsa lean season for good films

• worldly    worldly    a.a. •   ------material / not spiritualmaterial / not spiritual• ~ concerns ~ concerns 世俗的心思  　世俗的心思  　• ~ distractions~ distractions世俗的乐趣世俗的乐趣………………………………………………………………………………………………………….       .       • ------sophisticated / practicalsophisticated / practical

a ~ person a ~ person 老成持重的人                  老成持重的人                        

  a few words of ~ wisdom a few words of ~ wisdom 人生的经验之谈 人生的经验之谈             

• earthly     earthly     a.a.

------of this world / not spiritualof this world / not spiritual• ~ joys            ~ joys            • ~ possessions   ~ possessions  

• errand  errand  n.n.

------short journey to take a message, get or short journey to take a message, get or deliver goods, etc.deliver goods, etc.

I'll meet you at six, I've got some I'll meet you at six, I've got some ~ to do/run first.~ to do/run first.

run ~            be on ~ run ~            be on ~ • an ~ of mercy: an ~ of mercy: 雪中送炭雪中送炭 ------journey to bring help to sb who is in journey to bring help to sb who is in distressdistress

•   a fool’s ~ : a fool’s ~ : 徒劳无功的差事徒劳无功的差事---(be sent / go on) a senseless or ---(be sent / go on) a senseless or unprofitable missionunprofitable mission

• "errand boy” noun [C] "errand boy” noun [C] OLD-FASHIONEDOLD-FASHIONED

• a boy or young man employed by a a boy or young man employed by a shop or business to take shop or business to take messages, deliver goods, etc.messages, deliver goods, etc.

dimedime• A dime = 10 centsA dime = 10 cents• A quarter = 25 centsA quarter = 25 cents• A nickel= 5 centsA nickel= 5 cents• A penny= 1 centA penny= 1 cent• Half dollar=50 centsHalf dollar=50 cents• A dollar = 100 centsA dollar = 100 cents

• . . indulge    indulge    v.v. • ------allow oneself / sb have allow oneself / sb have whatever one likes or wantswhatever one likes or wants

•   ~ oneself / sb with sth~ oneself / sb with sth•   ~ in sth~ in sth•   I’m really going to indulge I’m really going to indulge myself tonight with a bottle of myself tonight with a bottle of champagne. champagne.

•    ~ in a long hot bath~ in a long hot bath

• ------satisfysatisfy• Will you indulge my curiosity Will you indulge my curiosity and tell me how much it is?and tell me how much it is?

• indulgent indulgent       a.a. • ~ parents   ~ teachers~ parents   ~ teachers

• indulgence indulgence     n.n.                        

            a life of a life of indulgenceindulgence                  

self- self- indulgenceindulgence          

            constant constant indulgenceindulgence in bad in bad habitshabits

            A cigar after dinner is my A cigar after dinner is my only only indulgenceindulgence. .

• A part-time jobA part-time job• I work part timeI work part time

Continue……Continue……

• Please read through para 10- 19Please read through para 10- 19• Find out your problems and Find out your problems and difficultiesdifficulties

• Point out the useful language Point out the useful language pointspoints

     轻轻的我走了， 轻轻的我走了， 正如我轻轻的来， 正如我轻轻的来， 我轻轻的招手， 我轻轻的招手， 作别西天的云彩。 作别西天的云彩。 

• Quietly, I departed from this Quietly, I departed from this piece of land,piece of land,

• Exactly, the same manner as I Exactly, the same manner as I arrived,arrived,

• Waving farewell to those clouds, Waving farewell to those clouds, • Clinging still to the rosy Clinging still to the rosy sunset .sunset .

Dump v. Dump v.

• 11 to put down or drop something to put down or drop something in a careless way:in a careless way:

• He came in with four shopping He came in with four shopping bags and dumped them on the bags and dumped them on the table.table.

• 22 to get rid of something to get rid of something unwanted, especially by leaving it unwanted, especially by leaving it in a place where it is not allowed in a place where it is not allowed to be:to be:

• The tax was so unpopular that the The tax was so unpopular that the government decided to dump it.government decided to dump it.

• Several old cars had been dumped Several old cars had been dumped near the beach.near the beach.

• Dump sth/sb (on sb): Dump sth/sb (on sb): • To get rid of sth/sb. or leave To get rid of sth/sb. or leave them for sb else to deal withthem for sb else to deal with

• 3. to sell unwanted goods very 3. to sell unwanted goods very cheaply, usually in other cheaply, usually in other countries:countries:

• They accused the West of dumping They accused the West of dumping out-of-date medicines on Third out-of-date medicines on Third World countries.World countries.

44 INFORMAL to suddenly end a INFORMAL to suddenly end a romantic relationship you have romantic relationship you have been having with someone:been having with someone:

• If he's so awful, why don't you If he's so awful, why don't you just dump him?just dump him?

55 SPECIALIZED to move information SPECIALIZED to move information from a computer's memory to a from a computer's memory to a storage devicestorage device

doorstepdoorstep• A part of an object is often used to A part of an object is often used to refer to the wholerefer to the whole

• Wheels (car)Wheels (car)• Engine (locomotive)Engine (locomotive)• Hand (a person who does labor work)Hand (a person who does labor work)• Big mouth (a person who talks a lot Big mouth (a person who talks a lot and loudly or a person who tells and loudly or a person who tells secrets)secrets)

• Loudmouth (a person who talks a lot Loudmouth (a person who talks a lot and loudly)and loudly)

Strand n.Strand n.

• a thin thread of something, a thin thread of something, often one of a few twisted often one of a few twisted around each other to make a cord around each other to make a cord or rope:or rope:

• a strand of cottona strand of cotton• She tucked a loose strand of She tucked a loose strand of hair behind her ears.hair behind her ears.

• a part which combines with other a part which combines with other parts to form a whole story, parts to form a whole story, subject or situation:subject or situation:

• There are so many different There are so many different strands to the plot that it's strands to the plot that it's quite hard to follow.quite hard to follow.

stranded adj.stranded adj.

• unable to leave somewhere because of unable to leave somewhere because of an inconvenience such as a lack of an inconvenience such as a lack of transport or money:transport or money:

• He left me stranded in town with no He left me stranded in town with no car and no money for a bus.car and no money for a bus.

• If the tide comes in, we'll be If the tide comes in, we'll be stranded on these rocks.stranded on these rocks.

• Please go through para 20 to the Please go through para 20 to the end of the story with your end of the story with your partners.partners.

Role playRole play

• Please play the part when Lottie Please play the part when Lottie welcomed Bess home.welcomed Bess home.

• preparation for Bess’ returnpreparation for Bess’ return• meeting with Bessmeeting with Bess• having dinner togetherhaving dinner together

conscienceconscience: : n.n.     • the part of you that judges the the part of you that judges the morality of your own actions and morality of your own actions and makes you feel guilty about bad makes you feel guilty about bad things that you have done or things that you have done or things you feel responsible for:things you feel responsible for:

• a guilty consciencea guilty conscience• a question/matter of consciencea question/matter of conscience            

• be/weigh on your consciencebe/weigh on your conscience• to make you feel guilty:to make you feel guilty:• I ignored an old woman who asked I ignored an old woman who asked me for money in the street me for money in the street yesterday, and it's been on my yesterday, and it's been on my conscience ever since.conscience ever since.

• in all consciencein all conscience • UK (US in good conscience) UK (US in good conscience) SLIGHTLY FORMALSLIGHTLY FORMAL

• without feeling guilty:without feeling guilty:• You couldn't, in all conscience, You couldn't, in all conscience, ask her to pay the whole bill!ask her to pay the whole bill!

• He has several murders on his He has several murders on his conscience    conscience    

• （受到良心的谴责）（受到良心的谴责） . . •   You cannot in all conscienceYou cannot in all conscience （的（的确，凭良心）确，凭良心） regard that as fair regard that as fair pay.pay.

•     conscientiousconscientious:      :      a.a.

------careful to do what one ought to careful to do what one ought to do and do it as well as one can; do and do it as well as one can; done with great care and attention done with great care and attention

• a ~ worker           a ~ attitudea ~ worker           a ~ attitude

This essay is a most ~ piece of This essay is a most ~ piece of work.   work.  

•     consciousconscious ：   ：    a.a. --- ---awakeawake• He was in a coma for days, but now He was in a coma for days, but now he’s conscious again. he’s conscious again.

• Are you conscious of how people Are you conscious of how people will regard such behavior. will regard such behavior.

•         consciousnessconsciousness:     :     n.n. •           class consciousness class consciousness 阶级觉悟阶级觉悟•           stream of consciousness stream of consciousness 意识流意识流

• onrushonrush: : n.n. --- ---a strong movement a strong movement forwardforward

•       an onrush of cold airan onrush of cold air

………………………………………………………………………………………………..•   oncomingoncoming:   :   a.a.  ---  ---comingcoming•       an oncoming event an oncoming event

Writing techniqueWriting technique• 1. point-to-point method of 1. point-to-point method of organizationorganization

• Please explain ‘point-to-point’ Please explain ‘point-to-point’ method with reference to the textmethod with reference to the text

• 2. style of language: formal and 2. style of language: formal and informal expressionsinformal expressions

• Please find out examples of each Please find out examples of each style and guess why does the author style and guess why does the author mixed the two language styles mixed the two language styles together?together?

Can you describe…Can you describe…

• The lifestyle of Lottie’sThe lifestyle of Lottie’s• The lifestyle of Bess’The lifestyle of Bess’• What do you learn from their What do you learn from their experiences?experiences?

Your opinions onYour opinions on Lottie’s life Lottie’s life

• Sad, mean, hardworking, never Sad, mean, hardworking, never enjoying life, boring, tiring, enjoying life, boring, tiring, single,single,

• Emotionless, ambitious but aimless,Emotionless, ambitious but aimless,• Never understand life, mature, Never understand life, mature, kind,kind,

• Gave up college for a good jobGave up college for a good job

Your opinions onYour opinions on Bess’ life Bess’ life

• Poor, lucky( true lover, kind Poor, lucky( true lover, kind sister),sister),

• Homeless, careless, idle away, Homeless, careless, idle away, naïve, naïve,

• Pay less attention to educationPay less attention to education• Rich in experience Rich in experience

Lottie & BessLottie & Bess

• All work and no playAll work and no play• Save money for peace Save money for peace of mind in old ageof mind in old age

• Gave up her dream of Gave up her dream of collegecollege

• Remain singleRemain single• Too late to realize Too late to realize what has been missed what has been missed in lifein life

• All play and no All play and no workwork

• Enjoy life Enjoy life blandlyblandly

• Never share the Never share the burden of making burden of making a livinga living

• Married Married

What do we learn from What do we learn from them……them……• Time to be naïve and matureTime to be naïve and mature• Children: directed by heart not Children: directed by heart not by mind by mind

• To know how to enjoy lifeTo know how to enjoy life• Planning Planning • To enjoy is to facilitate our workTo enjoy is to facilitate our work• Balance between work and playBalance between work and play

CatchCatch

It is not as simple as you thinkIt is not as simple as you think

• get caught up in sthget caught up in sth• to become involved in something, to become involved in something, often without wanting to:often without wanting to:

• They were having an argument and They were having an argument and somehow I got caught up in it.somehow I got caught up in it.

• catch the sun UKcatch the sun UK• If you have caught the sun, the If you have caught the sun, the sun has made your skin a sun has made your skin a slightly darker brown or red slightly darker brown or red colour:colour:

• You've caught the sun on the You've caught the sun on the back of your neck.back of your neck.

• catch your breathcatch your breath• to stop breathing for a moment, or to stop breathing for a moment, or to begin to breathe correctly again to begin to breathe correctly again after running or other exercise:after running or other exercise:

• I had to sit down and catch my I had to sit down and catch my breath.breath.

• catch a few rayscatch a few rays

(ALSO (ALSO catch some rayscatch some rays) INFORMAL) INFORMAL• to stay outside in the sun for a to stay outside in the sun for a period of time:period of time:

• I'm going out to catch a few I'm going out to catch a few rays before lunch.rays before lunch.

• catch the lightcatch the light• If something catches the light, If something catches the light, a light shines on it and makes a light shines on it and makes it look shiny.it look shiny.

catch your eyecatch your eye11 to get someone's attention:to get someone's attention:

• A sudden movement caught my eye.A sudden movement caught my eye.22 to get someone's attention, to get someone's attention, especially by looking at them:especially by looking at them:

• I tried to catch the waiter's eye, so I tried to catch the waiter's eye, so we could order.we could order.33 to be attractive or different to be attractive or different enough to be noticed by someone:enough to be noticed by someone:

• It was the unusual colour of his jacket It was the unusual colour of his jacket that caught my eye.that caught my eye.

• catch sb nappingcatch sb napping INFORMAL INFORMAL• If someone is caught napping, If someone is caught napping, something happens to them which something happens to them which they are not prepared for:they are not prepared for:

• The goalkeeper was caught The goalkeeper was caught napping and the ball went napping and the ball went straight in.straight in.

• catch sb red-handedcatch sb red-handed• to discover someone while they to discover someone while they are in the act of doing are in the act of doing something bad or illegal:something bad or illegal:

• He was caught red-handed taking He was caught red-handed taking money from the till.money from the till.

Catch onCatch on

• 1. to become fashionable or popular:1. to become fashionable or popular:• I wonder if the game will ever catch on I wonder if the game will ever catch on with young people?with young people?

• 2. (phrasal verb INFORMAL)2. (phrasal verb INFORMAL)• to understand, especially after a long to understand, especially after a long time:time:

• He doesn't take hints very easily, but He doesn't take hints very easily, but he'll catch on (to what you're saying) he'll catch on (to what you're saying) eventually.eventually.

Catch sb. outCatch sb. out

• 1. phrasal verb [M] INFORMAL1. phrasal verb [M] INFORMAL• to show that someone is doing to show that someone is doing wrong:wrong:

• I suspected he wasn't telling me I suspected he wasn't telling me the truth, and one day I caught the truth, and one day I caught him out when I found some him out when I found some letters he'd written.letters he'd written.

Catch sb. outCatch sb. out

• 2. phrasal verb [M] INFORMAL2. phrasal verb [M] INFORMAL• to trick someone into making a to trick someone into making a mistake:mistake:

• The examiner will try to catch The examiner will try to catch you out, so stay calm and think you out, so stay calm and think carefully before you speak.carefully before you speak.

Catch sb. outCatch sb. out

• 3. phrasal verb [M] INFORMAL3. phrasal verb [M] INFORMAL• to put someone in a difficult to put someone in a difficult situation:situation:

• A lot of people were caught out A lot of people were caught out by the sudden change in the by the sudden change in the weather.weather.

Catch (sb) upCatch (sb) up

• (REACH SOMEONE) phrasal verb(REACH SOMEONE) phrasal verb• to reach someone in front of you to reach someone in front of you by going faster than them:by going faster than them:

• I ran after her and managed to I ran after her and managed to catch up with her.catch up with her.

• UK Go on to the shops without UK Go on to the shops without me, I'll catch you up.me, I'll catch you up.

Catch upCatch up

• (REACH SAME STANDARD) phrasal verb(REACH SAME STANDARD) phrasal verb• to reach the same quality or to reach the same quality or standard as someone or something standard as someone or something else:else:

• Will Western industry ever catch Will Western industry ever catch up with Japanese innovations?up with Japanese innovations?

• He was off school for a while and He was off school for a while and is finding it hard to catch up.is finding it hard to catch up.

Catch upCatch up

• phrasal verbphrasal verb• to do something you did not have to do something you did not have time to do earlier:time to do earlier:

• She's staying late at the office She's staying late at the office to catch up with/on some to catch up with/on some reports.reports.

Catch upCatch up

• phrasal verbphrasal verb• to learn or discuss the latest to learn or discuss the latest news:news:

• Let's go for a coffee - I need Let's go for a coffee - I need to catch up on all the gossip.to catch up on all the gossip.

catch up with sbcatch up with sb

• (CAUSE PROBLEMS) phrasal verb(CAUSE PROBLEMS) phrasal verb• If something bad that you have If something bad that you have done or that has been happening done or that has been happening to you catches up with you, it to you catches up with you, it begins to cause problems for you:begins to cause problems for you:

• His lies will catch up with him His lies will catch up with him one day.one day.

catch up with sbcatch up with sb

• (PUNISH) phrasal verb(PUNISH) phrasal verb• If someone in authority catches up If someone in authority catches up with you, they discover that you with you, they discover that you have been doing something wrong and have been doing something wrong and often punish you for it:often punish you for it:

• They had been selling stolen cars They had been selling stolen cars for years before the police caught for years before the police caught up with them.up with them.

CatchphraseCatchphrase

• noun [C]noun [C]• a phrase which is often repeated a phrase which is often repeated by and therefore becomes by and therefore becomes connected with a particular connected with a particular organization or person, organization or person, especially someone famous such especially someone famous such as a television entertaineras a television entertainer

Catch-22Catch-22

• noun [S or U]noun [S or U]• an impossible situation where you an impossible situation where you are prevented from doing one thing are prevented from doing one thing until you have done another thing, until you have done another thing, but you cannot do the other thing but you cannot do the other thing until you have done the first until you have done the first thing:thing:

• a Catch-22 situationa Catch-22 situation