The Respiratory System

Asia Woodson Ashley IngramJordan Brandt

Kasi OfemCindy Kirkland

Respiratory Functions

• Supplies blood with oxygen

• Allows gas exchange

• Deliver air to the lungs

Major Organs• Lungs- Transport oxygen into

the bloodstream and release CO2 from the bloodstream.

• Larynx(Voice Box)- Helps with the production of sound and prevents choking.

• Pharynx(Throat)- Swallowing, Breathing, Speech, and Equilibrium of Pressure in the middle ear.

Major Organs (cont….)• Trachea(Windpipe)- Maintain and protect the

airway.

• Bronchi- "C" shaped rings of cartilage lined with ciliated mucus membrane that 'sweeps' out dust particles.

• Diaphragm- Enables inhalation and exhalation; separates thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

• Nose

Structure of the Lungs

• Large• Coned-Shape• Left Lung• Right Lung• Includes: Larynx, Trachea and Bronchial tree

Respiscular System!!• Respiratory System provides oxygen

needed for muscle activity; disposes of CO2.

• Diaphragm and intercostal muscles produces volume changes necessary for breathing.

• Exercising of the muscles increase respiratory efficiency.

Asthma

• Inflammation of the bronchi and bronchioles.

• Episodes of airway obstruction.• During attack, airway narrows and

swells and bronchi muscles contract.• Most don’t cause permanent damage

but need immediate attention.• Affects over 6 million children and about

15 million adults in the US.• Long-term disease with no cure but it is

controllable.

Cystic Fibrosis

• Inherited• Body produces thick, sticky mucous in the

epithelium, blocking passageways to organs.

• Most affected organs are lungs and pancreas.

• Approx. 1 in 20 Americans has the disease.• Most children are diagnosed by 3.• Adults with CF are at a higher risk to

develop diabetes and osteoporosis.• Has no cure but can be treated by

exercising and taking medication!

Bronchitis

• Inflammation or infection of the bronchi making it difficult for the lungs to get oxygen.

• Causes mucous in the airways.• Two types: Chronic and Acute• Treated with antibiotics and

bronchodilators.

Tuberculosis• Infectious disease caused by

infection.• TB most commonly affects the lungs

but also can involve almost any organ of the body.

•  A person can become infected with tuberculosis when s/he inhales minute particles of infected sputum from the air.

• Most cases can be treated with medicine unless it is a case of “Drug-resistant TB.”

Lung Cancer

• Uncontrolled growth of malignant cells.

• Lung cancer is leading cause of cancer deaths,

• Smoking is leading cause of lung cancer.

• There are 6 stages of lung cancer.• Treated with chemotherapy and

radiation therapy.

Healthy or Not?!?!

• Don’t Smoke or QUIT smoking.• Avoid second-hand smoke.• Fight germs and bacteria by washing

and keeping clean areas.• Wear protective mask when around

strong chemicals.• Exercise

Reference

• Elaine E. Marieb(2006). Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology: Eighth Edition.

• American Association for Clinical Chemistry(11/11/07).Lung Diseases.www.labtestsonline.org/understanding/conditions/lung_diseases-2.html

• Medical News Today(06/27/04).Asthma. www.medicalnewtoday.com/news

• Article Alley(02/06/07). Diseases that affect the respiratory system: bronchitis. www.articlealley.com/article_126677_23.html

• Raj Padman,M.D(Sept. 2007). Cystic Fibrosis. www.kidshealth.org• www.medicinenet.com• Nick C. and Kelsey E. Respiratory System.

http://www.mansfieldct.org/schools/mms/staff/gnesdilowd/Websites/RespiratorySystembyKelseyF.htm

• Kevin Johnson. Human Body Systems.http://www.ehs.net/HBS/menu.htm