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The reality behindExtreme Programming
– the client sideFrank Bergmann <[email protected]>
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>2
Content
Frank Bergmann is availableas a freelance consultant.
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>3
Content
� Problems with IT Projects� Where is the Problem?� The problem according to Alan Cooper� Measures� Extreme Programming� Links
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>4
Problems with IT Projects
Some Statistics� Only 20% in time and budget� 40% never become operative� Deviations up to 200% normal
=> Disastrous situation
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>5
Where is the Problem?
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
CEO Dept.
Stategy /Impl.
Goals/Budget
Service/Money
Analysis/Dev.
New/Old
Strategy Tactics Biz Needs Tech Needs User Needs
StakeHolders
Domains
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>6
The ProblemAccording to Alan Cooper*
� „It‘s my experience thatneither users nor customerscan articulate what it is theywant, nor can they evaluateit when they see it.“
* http://www.fawcette.com/interviews/beck_cooper/
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>7
The ProblemAccording to Alan Cooper*
� „We have a significantorganizational problem, butwe can‘t fix it.“
� „Essentially, the crap rollsdownhill and ends up rollingright into the programmerslap.“
* http://www.fawcette.com/interviews/beck_cooper/
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>8
The ProblemAccording to Alan Cooper*
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
CEO Dept.
StakeHolders
Spheres„Emotional“ „Em.“
How to use „logical tools“ toanalyze the „human issues“?
„How can we get ridof all this task crap?"
„Logicians“
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>9
Approach 1:Overlapping Profiles
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>10
Project Manager
The PM is the onlyconflict mediator
Separate Profiles:The normality
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
CEO Dept.
Strategy Tactics Biz Needs Tech Needs User Needs
StakeHolders
Domains
ProfilesFunc. Ana. Dev. UserBiz Ana./
Consultant
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>11
The team membersunderstand each otherslanguages and issues
OverlappingProfiles
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
CEO Dept.
Strategy Tactics Biz Needs Tech Needs User Needs
StakeHolders
Domains
Profiles
Dev.
User
Project Manager
Func AnaBiz Ana.
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>12
OverlappingProfiles
� But there are few such:–Analysts–PMs and–Developers
� And they are expensive...
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>13
Approach 2: Extreme Programming
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>14
Frequent Iterations
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
� Iterations serve totransmit informationacross the conflictboundaries
� The (powerful!) clientparticipates in theproject team.
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>15
The Client Learns
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
� About technecessities
� What is techniclypossible and whatnot
� Sees progress
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>16
The Team Learns
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
� About biz necessities
� Improve estimations
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>17
Best PracticesExtreme Programming
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>18
12 Core Practices*
Team Best Practices� Coding standards� Collective code
ownership� Open workspace� 40-hour week� Pair programming
Arch. Best Practices� Functional testing and
unit testing� Refactoring� Continuous integration
of changes� Simple code metaphors� Simple design
Client Handling� Planning with clients� Clients on site
* http://www.extremeprogramming.org
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>19
Client Handling
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
Analysis
Planning
Development
Test
Operating
Planning with Clients
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>20
Client Handling
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
Analysis
Planning
Development
Test
Operating
Client on Site
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>21
Team Best Practices
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
Analysis
Planning
Development
Test
Operating
Coding Stds.
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>22
Team Best Practices
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
Analysis
Planning
Development
Test
Operating
CodeOwnership
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>23
Team Best Practices
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
Analysis
Planning
Development
Test
Operating
PairProgramming
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>24
Architecture Best Practices
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
Analysis
Planning
Development
Test
Operating
Refactoring
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>25
Architecture Best Practices
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
Analysis
Planning
Development
Test
Operating
ContinuousIntegrations
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>26
Architecture Best Practices
Client Analyst PM Dev. User
System
Analysis
Planning
Development
Test
Operating
Functional &Unit Testing
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>27
Exteme Programming Flow
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>28
Links and References
� The Official Site:http://www.extremeprogramming.org/
� The Interview:http://www.fawcette.com/interviews/beck_cooper/
=> Check for „Software Engineering“ and read on.
mayo 4, 2002 Frank Bergmann <[email protected]>29
http://www.fraber.de/mailto:[email protected]: +34 609 953 751