The Quiet Revolution in Staple Food Value Chains: Enter the Dragon, the Elephant, and the Tiger

7/30/2019 The Quiet Revolution in Staple Food Value Chains: Enter the Dragon, the Elephant, and the Tiger

1/310

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[ecdnz Whnwkcm, Ihpom Jehm, Gnw{ Dom{hm

nmk Lcxwkhz Nkwonmc


2/310

[ecdnz Whnwkcm, Ihpom Jehm, Gnw{ Dom{hm,

nmk Lcxwkhz Nkwonmc

[eh ^xoh{ Whpclx{ocm omZ{nqlh @cck Pnlxh JenomzHm{hw {eh Kwnbcm, {eh Hlhqenm{, nmk {eh [obhw


3/310

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nmk {eh {obhw-Dnmknlxycmb Jo{y, Qeoloqqomhz6 Nzonm Khphlcqdhm{ Gnmi, 71>7-

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Qnw{ N6 @cck Pnlxh Jnoz >

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Qxwqczh nmk [ehdhz ;

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Whhwhmjhz >;

Jenq{hw 76 Zhj{cw Cphwpohr, Z{xky Nwhnz, nmk Zndqlomb @wndhrcwi >0

Wojh om Gnmblnkhze, {eh Qhcqlhz Whqxgloj c Jeomn, nmk Omkon >0

Qc{n{chz om Gnmblnkhze, {eh Qhcqlhz Whqxgloj c Jeomn, nmk Omkon 78

Z{xky Nwhnz, Zxwphy Dh{eckz, nmk Zndqlomb @wndhrcwi :>

Nqqhmkou6 Kh{nolz c {eh Zndqlomb @wndhrcwi ::

Whhwhmjhz ;>


5/310

op [eh ^xoh{ Whpclx{ocm om Z{nqlh @cck Pnlxh Jenomz

Qnw{ G6 Wojh Pnlxh Jno ;2

Jenq{hw :6 Xqz{whndWojh @nwd [wnmzcwdn{ocm ;5

Z{wxj{xwh c {eh Wojh @nwd Zhbdhm{ ;5

[hjemclcby, Omqx{z, Dnwih{omb, nmk Jwhko{ om Wojh @nwdomb 82

Qhwcwdnmjh c {eh Wojh @nwd Zhbdhm{ 2:

Jcmjlxzocmz Whbnwkomb {eh Wojh @nwd Zhbdhm{ 20

Whhwhmjhz 25

Jenq{hw ;6 Dokz{whnd[wnmzcwdn{ocm c {eh Wojh Doll nmk [wnkhw Zhbdhm{z 51

Z{wxj{xwh, Jcmkxj{, nmk Qhwcwdnmjh c Wojh Dollz 5>

Z{wxj{xwh, Jcmkxj{, nmk Qhwcwdnmjh c Wojh [wnkhwz ?;

Zxddnwy >>1

Whhwhmjhz >>>

Jenq{hw 86 Kcrmz{whndWojh Wh{nol [wnmzcwdn{ocm >>:

Z{wxj{xwh c Wojh Wh{nol >>;

Jcmkxj{ c Wojh Wh{nol >77

Qhwcwdnmjh c [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nol >75

Jcmjlxzocmz >;>Whhwhmjhz >;>

Jenq{hw 06 Qhwcwdnmjh c {eh Wojh Pnlxh JenomWhrnwkz, Jcz{z, nmk Dnwbomz >;:

Jcz{z, Whrnwkz, nmk Cphwnll Dnwbomz om {eh Wojh Pnlxh Jenom >;:

Jcz{ O{hdz om {eh Wojh Pnlxh Jenom >;2

Wojh Dnwih{z >8>

Jcmjlxzocmz >85

Whhwhmjhz >8?

Qnw{ J6 Qc{n{c Pnlxh Jno >0>

Jenq{hw 26 Xqz{whndQc{n{c @nwd [wnmzcwdn{ocm >07

Z{wxj{xwh c {eh Qc{n{c @nwd Zhbdhm{ >07

Jcmkxj{ c {eh Qc{n{c @nwd Zhbdhm{ >2>

Qhwcwdnmjh c {eh Qc{n{c @nwd Zhbdhm{ >55

Jcmjlxzocmz >?:

Whhwhmjhz >?8


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Jcm{hm{z p

Jenq{hw 56 Dokz{whnd[wnmzcwdn{ocm c {eh Qc{n{c Jclk Z{cwnbh nmk

[wnkomb Zhbdhm{z >?2

Z{wxj{xwh c {eh Jclk Z{cwnbh Zhbdhm{ >?5Jcmkxj{ c {eh Qc{n{c Jclk Z{cwnbh Zhbdhm{ 717

Qhwcwdnmjh c {eh Jclk Z{cwnbh Zhbdhm{ 7>7

Z{wxj{xwh c {eh Qc{n{c [wnkhw Zhbdhm{ 7>8

Jcmkxj{ c {eh Qc{n{c [wnkhw Zhbdhm{ 771

Qhwcwdnmjh c {eh Qc{n{c [wnkhw Zhbdhm{ 770

Jcmjlxzocmz 7::

Whhwhmjhz 7:;

Jenq{hw ?6 Kcrmz{whndQc{n{c Wh{nol [wnmzcwdn{ocm 7:0

Z{wxj{xwh c Qc{n{c Wh{nol 7:0

Jcmkxj{ c Qc{n{c Wh{nol 7;1

Qhwcwdnmjh c [wnko{ocmnl Qc{n{c Wh{nol 7;:

Jcmjlxzocmz 7;?

Whhwhmjhz 781

Jenq{hw >16 Qhwcwdnmjh c {eh Qc{n{c Pnlxh JenomWhrnwkz, Jcz{z,

nmk Dnwbomz 78>

Jcz{z, Whrnwkz, nmk Cphwnll Dnwbomz om {eh Qc{n{c Pnlxh Jenom 78>

Qc{n{c Dnwih{ Qwojhz 701

Jcmjlxzocmz 70;

Whhwhmjhz 700

Qnw{ K6 Jcjlxzoc 702

Jenq{hw >>6 Zxddnwy nmk Qclojy Odqlojn{ocmz 705

Z{wxj{xwnl Jenmbhz om {eh Wojh nmk Qc{n{c Pnlxh Jenomz6 Dnjwc Pohr 721

Dhzc Qhwzqhj{oph c {eh [wnmzcwdn{ocm om Hnje Zhbdhm{ c {eh Pnlxh Jenomz 722

Bcphwmdhm{ Wclhz om [wnmzcwdomb Pnlxh Jenomz 75>

Z{wn{hbohz cw [wnmzcwdomb {eh Nbwocck Hjcmcdy nmk cw @cck Zhjxwo{y 75;

Whhwhmjhz 758


7/310

Loz{ c @obxwhz nk [nglhz

@obxwhz

;-> Gnmblnkhze Wojh Doll Jnqnjo{y X{olovn{ocm 58

8-> Mxdghw c Zxqhwdnwih{ Z{cwhz om Kenin >>5

8-7 Z{nw{$xq _hnwz c Dckhwm Wh{nol om Khleo >>?

8-: Jxdxln{oph Khmzo{y @xmj{ocmz c {eh Qwojh c Wojh n{ [wnko{ocmnl Wh{nolhwz >:>

0-> Qwckxjhw nmk Wh{nol Qwojh Pnwon{ocm c Wojh om Gnmblnkhze >87

0-7 Qwojh Pnwon{ocm gy Zhbdhm{ kxwomb {eh Zxwphy om Gnmblnkhze >8:

0-: Wh{nol Qwojhz c Wojh kxwomb {eh Zxwphy om Gnmblnkhze >8:

0-; Reclhznlh nmk Wh{nol Wojh Qwojhz om Khleo >80

0-8 Wn{oc c Reclhznlh {c @omnl Wojh Wh{nol Qwojh om Khleo >80

0-0 Mcdomnl nmk Whnl Wojh Wh{nol Dnwbomz om Khleo >80

5-> Zenwh c Qc{n{chz wcd Jclk Z{cwnbh @njolo{ohz

om Keninz Qc{n{c Zxqqly, 711? 71:

5-7 Zenwh c Jclk$Z{cwhk Qc{n{chz om Khleoz [c{nl 71;

5-: Dcm{ely Qc{n{c Z{cwnbh qhw Jclk Z{cwnbh @njolo{y6 Gnmblnkhze 718

5-; Dcm{ely Qc{n{c Z{cwnbh qhw Jclk Z{cwnbh @njolo{y6 Nbwn 718

?-> Qc{n{c Qwojh Pnwon{ocm om Ghofomb, Khleo, nmk Kenin6 Jxdxln{oph Khmzo{y

@xmj{ocmz c {eh [wnko{ocmnl Wh{nol Qwojh c Qc{n{c 7;8

>1-> Qc{n{c Qwojhz om Kenin 70>

>1-7 Qwojh Pnwon{ocm om {eh Qc{n{c Pnlxh Jenom wcd Nbwn {c Khleo 70>

>1-: Qc{n{c Reclhznlh nmk Wh{nol Qwojhz om Khleo 707

>1-; Wn{oc c Reclhznlh {c Wh{nol Qc{n{c Qwojhz om Khleo 707

>1-8 Whnl nmk Mcdomnl Qc{n{c Wh{nol Dnwbomz om Khleo 70:

[nglhz

:-> Wojh @nwd Lnmk6 Koz{wogx{ocm nmk Whm{nl ;?

:-7 @nwd Zovh nmk Mcmlnmk Nzzh{z, 711? 87

:-: Wojh @nwdhwz nmk Mcmnwd Lngcw 88

:-; Jcdqczo{ocm c Wojh @nwdhwz Qwckxj{ocm Jcz{z 85

:-8 Wojh @nwdz Njjhzz {c Rn{hw 01:-0 @nwdhwz Nj~xozo{ocm c Wojh Zhhk 0>

:-2 Zeo{ {c Eobe$_ohlkomb nmk Eygwok Pnwoh{ohz 0:

:-5 Zenwh c @nwdz Gxyomb Jehdojnl @hw{olovhwz nmk Jwcq Jehdojnlz 08


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Loz{ c` @obxwhz nmk [nglhz poo

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:->1 Jcdqczo{ocm c Wojh @nwdhwz Jlohm{z 02

:->> Jcdqczo{ocm c Wojh @nwdhwz Znlhz {c {ehow Jlohm{z 0?:->7 Qnkky Znlhz6 [odh nmk Lcjn{ocm 21

:->: Wojh @nwdhwz Crmhwzeoq nmk Xzh c Jhllxlnw Qecmhz 2>

:->; Jwhko{ wcd nmk {c Gxyhwz 27

:->8 Wojh @nwd Qwckxj{opo{y, Dnom Wojh Zhnzcm 2:

:->0 Zeo{ {c Eobehw ^xnlo{y Wojh 2;

:->2 @nwdhwz Qwckxj{ocm Jcz{ 28

:->5 @nwd Zovh nmk Qnkky Qwojhz 20

;-> Z{wxj{xwh c {eh Wojh Doll Zhbdhm{ 5>

;-7 Jnqnjo{y X{olovn{ocm Wn{h c Wojh Dollz gy Zhnzcm 5;;-: Wojh Dollz Qwcjxwhdhm{ c Qnkky 50

;-; Wojh Dollz Znlhz gy Zcxwjh nmk Doll Zovh 52

;-8 Wojh Dollz6 [odomb nmk Zcxwjh c Qnydhm{z 5?

;-0 Wojh Dollz Qwcpozocm c Zhwpojhz C{ehw {enm Jwhko{ ?1

;-2 Wojh ^xnlo{y nmk Wojh Dollz ?>

;-5 Nphwnbh Nmmxnl Jcz{z qhw Doll ?:

;-? Wojh Doll Qwc`{ Wn{hz nmk Om{hwmnl Wn{hz c Wh{xwm ?;

;->1 Jenwnj{hwoz{ojz c Qnkky nmk Wojh [wnkhwz om Gnmblnkhze nmk Omkon ?8

;->> Jenwnj{hwoz{ojz c Wojh [wnkhwz nmk Reclhznlhwz om Ghofomb ?0;->7 Wojh [wnkhwz Zhnzcmnlo{y ?2

;->: Wojh nmk Qnkky [wnkhwz Zcxwjhz ?5

;->; Wojh nmk Qnkky [wnkhwz Znlhz Khz{omn{ocmz >11

;->8 Wojh nmk Qnkky [wnkhwz nmk Jwhko{ >17

;->0 Wojh nmk Qnkky [wnkhwz Qwcpozocm c C{ehw Zhwpojhz >1:

;->2 ^xnlo{y c Wojh [wnkhwz Zxqqly, 711? >10

;->5 [wnkhwz _hnwly Cqhwn{omb Jcz{z >12

;->? Pnwonglh Jcz{z c Wojh nmk Qnkky Reclhznlhwz om {eh Lnz{ [wnmznj{ocm >12

;-71 Wojh nmk Qnkky [wnkhwz Qwc`{z >1?8-> Jenwnj{hwoz{ojz c [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhwz >>;

8-7 [wnmznj{ocmz c [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhwz >>8

8-: Lngcw nmk Jnqo{nl qhw [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhw >>8

8-; Znlhz c Lhnkomb Dckhwm Wh{nol Jenomz {en{ Zhll @cck nmk Bwcr{e c

Bwczz Kcdhz{oj Qwckxj{ >>0

8-8 Jenwnj{hwoz{ojz c Ghofomb Zxqhwdnwih{ Jenomz {en{ Zhll Wojh >77

8-0 Qwcjxwhdhm{ gy [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhwz6 Zcxwjh >77

8-2 Qwcjxwhdhm{ gy [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhwz6 [odh nmk [wnmzqcw{ >7:

8-5 Jhllxlnw Qecmh Xzh gy [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhwz >7;8-? @wh~xhmjy {en{ [wnko{ocmnl Wh{nolhwz Gcxbe{ wcd n Zhllhw nmk Whnzcmz

cw {eh Jecojh >7;

8->1 [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhwz Omcwdn{ocm cm ^xnm{o{y c Wojh >78


9/310

pooo [eh ^xoh{ Whpclx{ocm om Z{nqlh @cck Pnlxh Jenomz

8->> [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhwz Omcwdn{ocm cm ^xnlo{y c Wojh >78

8->7 [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhwz Jwhko{ ro{e Zxqqlohwz nmk Jxz{cdhwz >70

8->: [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhwz Ecdh Khlophwy >70

8->; Jcz{z c [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhwz >7?

8->8 ^xnlo{y nmk Qnjinbomb om [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nol >:1

8->0 Dnwbomz nmk Qwc`{z c Wojh Wh{nolhwz >:7

8->2 Ghofomb Zxqhwdnwih{ Jenomz Wojh Znlhz >:;

8->5 Wojh ^xnlo{y om [wnko{ocmnl phwzxz Dckhwm Wh{nolhwz om Gnmblnkhze >:2

8->? Wojh Qwojh Jcdqnwozcmz gh{rhhm [wnko{ocmnl nmk Dckhwm Wh{nol

om Gnmblnkhze >:2

8-71 Wojh Qwojh Kohwhmjh gh{rhhm [wnko{ocmnl nmk Dckhwm Wh{nolhwz om Khleo >:5

8-7> Ehkcmoj Qwojh Whbwhzzocm Whzxl{z6 Wojh om Khleo >:?

8-77 Qwcqhmzo{y Zjcwh Dn{jeomb6 Whzxl{z Jcdqnwomb Qwojhz n{ [wnko{ocmnl

nmk Dckhwm Wh{nolhwz om Khleo >:?

8-7: [wnko{ocmnl Wojh Wh{nolhwz Qwc`{ Wn{hz >;1

0-> Zenwhz c Whrnwkz, Jcz{z, nmk [c{nl Dnwbomz om {eh Wojh Pnlxh Jenom

wcd Mcnbcnm Koz{woj{ {c Kenin >;;

0-7 Zenwhz c Whrnwkz, Jcz{z, nmk [c{nl Dnwbomz om {eh Wojh Pnlxh Jenom

wcd Eholcmbfonmb {c Ghofomb >;8

0-: Zenwhz c Whrnwkz, Jcz{z, nmk [c{nl Dnwbomz om {eh Wojh Pnlxh Jenom

wcd Zenefnenmqxw om X{{nw Qwnkhze {c Khleo >;0

0-; Zenwhz c Jcz{ O{hdz om {eh Wojh Pnlxh Jenom om Gnmblnkhze >;5

0-8 Zenwhz c Jcz{ O{hdz om {eh Wojh Pnlxh Jenom om {eh

Qhcqlhz Whqxgloj c Jeomn >;?

0-0 Zenwhz c Jcz{ O{hdz om {eh Wojh Pnlxh Jenom om Omkon >81

0-2 Qwojhz Whjhophk gy Qlnyhwz om {eh Pnlxh Jenom om Omkon kxwomb

Zhq{hdghw@hgwxnwy >8;

0-5 Wojh Whbwhzzocmz6 Mcdomnl Reclhznlh nmk Wh{nol Qwojhz,

nmk Mcdomnl nmk Whnl Wh{nol Dnwbomz >82

2-> Qc{n{c @nwdlnmk Koz{wogx{ocm nmk Whm{nl >0:

2-7 Qc{n{c @nwdhwz nmk Mcmlnmk Nzzh{z, 711? >02

2-: Qc{n{c @nwdhwz nmk Mcmnwd Lngcw >2>

2-; Jcdqczo{ocm c Qc{n{c @nwdhwz Qwckxj{ocm Jcz{z >27

2-8 Qc{n{c @nwdhwz Njjhzz {c Owwobn{ocm Rn{hw >2;

2-0 Zhhk Qc{n{c Nj~xozo{ocm6 Zenwhz c Ecxzheclkz Khjlnwomb {ehow

Dnom Zcxwjhz >20

2-2 Zenwhz c Qc{n{c @nwdhwz Gxyomb Jehdojnl @hw{olovhwz

nmk Jwcq Jehdojnlz >22

2-5 Qc{n{c @nwdhwz Dnwih{hk Zxwqlxz Wn{hz, 711? >2?

2-? Qc{n{c @nwdhwz nmk Jclk Z{cwnbh >51

2->1 Jcdqczo{ocm c Qc{n{c @nwdhwz Jlohm{z >5;


10/310

2->> Jcdqczo{ocm c Qc{n{c @nwdhwz Znlhz {c {ehow Jlohm{z >58

2->7 Qc{n{c @nwdhwz nmk Jwhko{ >52

2->: Qc{n{c @nwd _ohlkz >5?

2->; Qc{n{c @nwdhwz nmk Pnwoh{nl Jenmbh >?1

2->8 Qc{n{c @nwdhwz nmk Rnz{nbh >?>

2->0 Qc{n{c Qwojh n{ {eh @nwd Bn{h >?7

5-> Jclk Z{cwnbh Jnqnjo{y nmk Koxzocm6 Gnmblnkhze nmk Omkon 711

5-7 Gnmblnkhze6 Jclk Z{cwnbh Jlohm{z 710

5-: Omkon6 Jclk Z{cwnbh Jlohm{z nmk Qwcjxwhdhm{ Zcxwjhz 710

5-; Omkon6 Jclk Z{cwnbh @njolo{ohz Znlhz wcd Crm Z{cjiz6

Khz{omn{ocmz 715

5-8 Jclk Z{cwnbh @njolo{ohz Qwcpozocm c Pnlxh$Jenom @omnmjh 71?

5-0 C{ehw Zhwpojhz c Jclk Z{cwnbh @njolo{ohz 7>>

5-2 [yqh c Qc{n{c Z{cwhk om Gnmblnkhze, >??? nmk 711? 7>7

5-5 Nphwnbh Nmmxnl Cqhwn{omb Jcz{z qhw Jclk Z{cwnbh 7>:

5-? Qwc`{ Wn{hz nmk Om{hwmnl Wn{hz c Wh{xwm cw Jclk Z{cwnbh @njolo{ohz 7>;

5->1 Jenwnj{hwoz{ojz c Qc{n{c [wnkhwz om Gnmblnkhze 7>8

5->> Jenwnj{hwoz{ojz c Qc{n{c [wnkhwz nmk Reclhznlhwz om Khleo nmk Nbwn 7>0

5->7 Jenwnj{hwoz{ojz c Qc{n{c [wnkhwz om {eh QWJ 7>0

5->: Jenwnj{hwoz{ojz c Qc{n{c Reclhznlhwz om Ghofomb 7>2

5->; Qc{n{c [wnkhwz Zhnzcmnlo{y om Gnmblnkhze6 ^xnm{o{ohz Qwcjxwhk

qhw Kny qhw Zhnzcm, 711? 7>?

5->8 Qc{n{c [wnkhwz Zhnzcmnlo{y om Omkon6 ^xnm{o{ohz Qwcjxwhk

qhw Kny qhw Zhnzcm 7>?

5->0 Qc{n{c [wnkhwz Dcm{ely Pclxdh om {eh Wxwnl QWJ 7>?

5->2 Zhnzcmnl nmk Bhcbwnqeoj Qwcjxwhdhm{ Qn{{hwmz c Qc{n{c Reclhznlhwz

om Ghofomb 771

5->5 Qc{n{c [wnkhwz Zxqqlohwz 77>

5->? Qc{n{c [wnkhwz Znlhz Khz{omn{ocmz, ro{e Zenwhz c Pclxdhz gy Gxyhw [yqh

nmk Khz{omn{ocm 777

5-71 Qc{n{c [wnkhwz nmk Jwhko{ 77:

5-7> Qc{n{c [wnkhwz nmk C{ehw Zhwpojhz6 Gnmblnkhze nmk Omkon 77;

5-77 Qc{n{c [wnkhwz nmk C{ehw Zhwpojhz6 [eh QWJ 778

5-7: Qc{n{c [wnkhwz6 Pnwoh{y nmk ^xnlo{y Kohwhm{on{ocm 770

5-7; Qc{n{c Rnz{nbh 77?

5-78 Pnwonglh Jcz{z c Qc{n{c Reclhznlhwz 7:1

5-70 Qc{n{c [wnkhwz Qwc`{ Wn{hz 7:7

?-> Jenwnj{hwoz{ojz c [wnko{ocmnl Qc{n{c Wh{nolhwz 7:2

?-7 [xwmcphw c [wnko{ocmnl Qc{n{c Wh{nolhwz 7:2

?-: Lngcw nmk Jnqo{nl Xzh qhw [wnko{ocmnl Qc{n{c Wh{nolhw 7:5

?-; Qwcjxwhdhm{ gy [wnko{ocmnl Qc{n{c Wh{nolhwz 7;1

Loz{ c` @obxwhz nmk [nglhz ou


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12/310

@cwhrcwk

@hhkomb momh gollocm qhcqlh gy 7181 oz n {cq qwocwo{y cm {eh blcgnl nbhmkn`cw zxz{nomnglh nmk omjlxzoph khphlcqdhm{- [eoz {nzi oz hzqhjonlly cwdoknglhom Nzon, rehwh dcwh {enm {rc${eowkz c` {eh rcwlkz qccw nmk dnlmcxwozehk

qhcqlh loph- @cck qwojhz om Nzon nwh qwcfhj{hk {c whdnom eobe nmk pcln{olh, nmk`cck qwckxj{ocm oz loihly {c gh jenllhmbhk gy {eh jcdgomhk h``hj{z c` whzcxwjhkhbwnkn{ocm nmk omjwhnzomb jlodn{h pnwongolo{y nmk jenmbh- Hmzxwomb `cck

zhjxwo{y om {eoz whbocm wh~xowhz xwbhm{ nj{ocmz {c odqwcph {eh qwckxj{opo{y nmkjlodn{h whzolohmjh c` nbwojxl{xwh nmk {c xqbwnkh {eh cck pnlxh jenomz {c hmzxwhnkh~xn{h nmk n``cwknglh `cck zxqqlohz-

N{ {eh ehobe{ c` {eh 7115 `cck qwojh zxwbh, {eh Nzonm Khphlcqdhm{ Gnmijcddozzocmhk {eh Om{hwmn{ocmnl @cck Qclojy Whzhnwje Omz{o{x{h %{ewcxbe {hjemojnlnzzoz{nmjh [N :05?$WHB6 [eow{hhm{e Nbwojxl{xwh nmk Mn{xwnl Whzcxwjhz Whzhnwjen{ Om{hwmn{ocmnl Nbwojxl{xwnl Whzhnwje Jhm{hwz/ {c jcmkxj{ n z{xky {c hpnlxn{hz{nqlh `cck pnlxh jenomz om Gnmblnkhze, {eh Qhcqlhz Whqxgloj c` Jeomn, nmk

Omkon- [eh gnzoj okhn rnz {c okhm{o`y qc{hm{onl nwhnz `cw wh`cwd {c dnih `cckpnlxh jenomz dcwh whzqcmzoph {c wozomb `cck khdnmk nmk zxqqly jcmz{wnom{z-

Z{nqlh `cck pnlxh jenomz om Nzon enph bhmhwnlly ghhm qhwjhophk nz cqhwn{ombom n {wnko{ocmnl dckh, reoje oz {yqojnlly {ecxbe{ {c gh nm hu{whdhly lcmb nmk`wnbdhm{hk qwcjhzz om kowh mhhk c` dckhwmovn{ocm- Zxwqwozombly, {eh z{xkywhphnlhk n {c{nlly ko``hwhm{ zo{xn{ocm- Z{nqlh `cck pnlxh jenomz nwh {wnmz`cwdombnjwczz {eh whbocm, ro{e `hrhw om{hwdhkon{h nj{cwz, gh{{hw om{hbwn{ocm, nmkeobehw whjhq{ophmhzz {c {hjemclcbojnl jenmbhz-

[eoz gcci, nz o{z {o{lh khmc{hz, kcjxdhm{z {eh ~xoh{ whpclx{ocm om z{nqlh `cckpnlxh jenomz mcr jenmbomb {eh njh c` Nzon- O{ qwcpokhz n zyz{hdn{oj nmk wobcwcxzwhpohr c` {eh z{wxj{xwnl {wnmz`cwdn{ocm qn{ernyz c` {ehzh `cck jenomz nmk {ehjn{nly{oj wclhz {en{ bcphwmdhm{z, {eh qwopn{h zhj{cw, jopol zcjoh{y, nmk om{hwmn{ocmnlkhphlcqdhm{ omz{o{x{ocmz jnm qlny om {eh qwcjhzz- Reolh mc{ om{hmkhk nz n qclojynmnlyzoz `cw `cck zhjxwo{y, {eh z{xky qwcpokhz jwo{ojnl bxokhqcz{z `cw nzzhzzombnmk nkkwhzzomb nll zhbdhm{z c` {eh `cck jenomz {en{ xmmhjhzznwoly jcm{wogx{h{c eobehw wh{nol `cck qwojhz- Dcz{ zobmo`ojnm{ly, {eh gcci qwcpokhz n jlhnwhwqoj{xwh c` ecr z{nqlh `cck pnlxh jenomz jnm ghmh`o{ omjlxzoph hjcmcdoj bwcr{e


13/310

uoo [eh ^xoh{ Whpclx{ocm om Z{nqlh @cck Pnlxh Jenomz

{wnfhj{cwohz- Dcwh nmk dcwh, zlhhqy wxwnl nwhnz nwh rniomb xq {c nm omjwhnzh omfcgz nmk omjcdhz `wcd mhr lomiz ro{e jcddhwjonl xwgnm jhm{hwz nmk pogwnm{om{hwdhkonwohz, {hjemclcbohz, om`wnz{wxj{xwh, nmk qclojohz-

Reolh {ehwh oz mc cmh zovh `o{z nll dckhl `cw dckhwmovomb {ehzh pnlxh jenomz,{eoz gcci khdcmz{wn{hz {en{ bwnzzwcc{z h``cw{z nwh xm`clkomb nmk bnqz omimcrlhkbh nwh jlczomb- Ro{e dcwh qwcnj{oph omo{on{ophz `wcd bcphwmdhm{z,{eh qwopn{h zhj{cw, jopol zcjoh{y, nmk om{hwmn{ocmnl khphlcqdhm{ omz{o{x{ocmz,nbwojxl{xwh om Nzon jnm gh h``hj{ophly {wnmz`cwdhk nmk `cck zhjxwo{y hmzxwhk-

Gomkx LcenmoPojh Qwhzokhm{ %Imcrlhkbh Dnmnbhdhm{nmk Zxz{nomnglh Khphlcqdhm{/Nzonm Khphlcqdhm{ Gnmi

Zehmbbhm @nmKowhj{cw BhmhwnlOm{hwmn{ocmnl @cck Qclojy Whzhnwje Omz{o{x{h


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15/310

Njicrlhkbdh{z

[eoz gcci oz gnzhk cm whzhnwje zxqqcw{hk xmkhw Nzonm Khphlcqdhm{ Gnmi%NKG/ {hjemojnl nzzoz{nmjh %[N :05?$WHB6 [eow{hhm{e Nbwojxl{xwh nmk Mn{xwnlWhzcxwjhz Whzhnwje n{ Om{hwmn{ocmnl Nbwojxl{xwnl Whzhnwje Jhm{hwz/- Rh khhqlynqqwhjon{h {en{ {eh Domoz{wohz c` @omnmjh om Gnmblnkhze, Qhcqlhz Whqxgloj c`Jeomn %QWJ/, nmk Omkon nqqwcphk {eoz odqcw{nm{ z{xky- Rh rcxlk loih {c {enmiKw- Uonmgom _nc, `cwdhw Kowhj{cw Bhmhwnl c` NKGz Whbocmnl nmk Zxz{nomnglhKhphlcqdhm{ Khqnw{dhm{ %WZKK/ nmk jxwwhm{ Kowhj{cw Bhmhwnl c` {eh QnjoòjKhqnw{dhm{, nmk Kw- Zehmbbhm @nm, Kowhj{cw Bhmhwnl c` {eh Om{hwmn{ocmnl @cckQclojy Whzhnwje Omz{o{x{h %O@QWO/, `cw {ehow bxoknmjh nmk zxqqcw{ {ewcxbecx{{eh reclh qhwock c` whzhnwje- Rh nwh qnw{ojxlnwly bwn{h`xl `cw {eh QWJzjcm{wogx{ocmz {c {eh Jcmzxl{n{oph Bwcxq cm Om{hwmn{ocmnl Nbwojxl{xwnl Whzhnwjenmk O@QWO, reoje ehlqhk òmnmjh Kw- Jehmz qnw{ojoqn{ocm om {eh jcmkxj{ c`{eh z{xky nmk qwcpokhk `xmkomb `cw {eh òhlk zxwphyz om {eh QWJ- Rh nwh nlzcbwn{h`xl {c Dojeobnm Z{n{h Xmophwzo{y nmk Whmdom Xmophwzo{y c` Jeomn, reojeehlqhk òmnmjh qnw{ c` Kw- Whnwkcmz {odh kxwomb {eh rwo{omb c` {eh gcci-

[eoz gcci rcxlk mc{ enph ghhm qczzoglh ro{ecx{ {eh jcm{wogx{ocmz c` {eczh recjcmkxj{hk cxw òhlk zxwphyz om Gnmblnkhze, QWJ, nmk Omkon- Rh roze {c huqwhzzcxw bwn{o{xkh {c I-N-Z- Dxwzeok nmk Kn{n L{k- om Gnmblnkhze9 Kombexnm Ex nmkeoz {hnd `wcd {eh Omz{o{x{h c` Nbwojxl{xwnl Hjcmcdojz nmk Khphlcqdhm{ n{ {ehJeomhzh Njnkhdy c` Nbwojxl{xwnl Zjohmjh9 nmk Zxmo{ Zombe nmk eoz {hnd wcd {ehB- G- Qnm{ Zcjonl Zjohmjh Omz{o{x{h nmk {eh Xmophwzo{y c` Nllnengnk, Omkon- Rh nlzcroze {c {enmi {eczh rec qwcpokhk pnlxnglh whzhnwje zxqqcw{, omjlxkomb ZxmoqnKnzbxq{n `wcd {eh Mhr Khleo C`òjh c` O@QWO nmk Inm Venmb, Uombrnm Rnmb,

Fonmbyomb Rnmb, nmk Jlnowh Ezx wcd {eh O@QWO Ghofomb C`òjh- Om nkko{ocm, Lomn Lox`wcd {eh O@QWO Ghofomb C`òjh nmk Fyc{znmn Kxn `wcd {eh O@QWO Mhr Khleo C`òjhqwcpokhk hujhq{ocmnl nkdomoz{wn{oph zxqqcw{ nmk jcm{wogx{hk {c {eh zxjjhzz`xljcmjlxzocm c` {eh qwcfhj{-

Rh rcxlk loih {c njimcrlhkbh {eh zxqqcw{ nmk bxoknmjh nz rhll nz {ehz{odxln{omb ~xhz{ocmz `wcd Nie{hw Nedhk nmk Nzeci Bxln{o c` {eh O@QWO MhrKhleo C`òjh cm hnwlohw phwzocmz c` {eh gcci- Rh nlzc whjhophk ro{e nqqwhjon{ocmomzobe{`xl jcddhm{z nmk zxbbhz{ocmz wcd {eh qnw{ojoqnm{z n{ jcm`hwhmjhz nmk

zhdomnwz ehlk om Gnmblnkhze, Jnmnkn, {eh QWJ, Omkon, Omkcmhzon, Qeoloqqomhz,Zombnqcwh, {eh Xmo{hk Z{n{hz, nmk Poh{ Mnd- Rh hu{hmk cxw zqhjonl {enmiz {cQwc`hzzcw Qh{hw [oddhw, rec `cxmk {odh {c whpohr hnwlohw kwn`{z c` {eh gccikxwomb eoz gxzy zjehkxlh- Eoz jwo{ojnl nmk jcmz{wxj{oph jcddhm{z rhwh phwyehlq`xl kxwomb {eh whpozocm qwcjhzz-


16/310

Lnz{ gx{ mc{ lhnz{, rh rcxlk loih {c {enmi {eh NKG hko{cwz Foll Bnlh kh Polln nmkZ{hph Gnm{n `cw {ehow zxqhwg hko{omb rcwi nmk nlzc {ehow qwc`hzzocmnl bxoknmjhcm jcqy hko{omb9 Fczh` Olxdom nmk Hko{e Jwhxz cw {ehow rcwi cm {eh gcci khzobmnmk {yqhzh{{omb, whzqhj{ophly9 nmk Jcwnvcm Khzxnzokc `cw ehw qwcc`whnkomb-Rh nwh phwy bwn{h`xl {c Ghwmnkh{{h Nbxz{om nmk Wehn Fxlonmc `wcd WZKK, recqwcpokhk {odhly nkdomoz{wn{oph zxqqcw{ {c {eh qwcfhj{, nz rhll nz {c NdhlonHz{hgnm nmk Fcmn{enmohl Qwomjoqh, rec whpohrhk {eh {nglhz nmk `obxwhz-

Njimcrlhkbdhm{z up


17/310

Nggwhpon{ocz nk Njwcydz

NKG Nzonm Khphlcqdhm{ GnmiNQDJ Nbwojxl{xwnl Qwckxjh Dnwih{omb Jcddo{{hhN[[ nphwnbh {whn{dhm{ h``hj{ `cw {eh {whn{hkGNKJ Gnmblnkhze Nbwojxl{xwnl Khphlcqdhm{ Jcwqcwn{ocmJOQ Jhm{wh Om{hwmn{ocmnlh kh ln Qnqn %Om{hwmn{ocmnl Qc{n{c Jhm{hw/JM_ QWJ yxnmJQWO Jhm{wnl Qc{n{c Whzhnwje Omz{o{x{hJWWO Jeomn Wojh Whzhnwje Omz{o{x{hJZ@ jclk z{cwnbh `njolo{yJ_ jwcq yhnw@NC @cck nmk Nbwojxl{xwh Cwbnmovn{ocm@JO @cck Jcwqcwn{ocm c` Omkon@KO `cwhobm kowhj{ omphz{dhm{@QDX @cck Qlnmmomb nmk Dcmo{cwomb Xmo{E_P eobe$yohlkomb pnwoh{yO@QWO Om{hwmn{ocmnl @cck Qclojy Whzhnwje Omz{o{x{hMNWZ mn{ocmnl nbwojxl{xwnl whzhnwje zyz{hdMGNWK Mn{ocmnl Gnmi c` Nbwojxl{xwh nmk Wxwnl Khphlcqdhm{QNJZ qwodnwy nbwojxl{xwnl jwhko{ zcjoh{yQWJ Qhcqlhz Whqxgloj c` JeomnWz Omkonm wxqhhzZZG Z{n{h Z{n{oz{ojz Gxwhnx[i Gnmblnkhze {nin

Rhobe{z nmk dhnzxwhz

k knyen ehj{nwhib iolcbwndid iolcdh{hw{ {cm


18/310

HUHJX[OPH ZXDDNW_


19/310

Huhjx{oph Zxddnwy

[eoz gcci qwhzhm{z òmkombz `wcd n kh{nolhk z{xky c` ecr kcdhz{oj z{nqlhzpnlxh jenomz nwh z{wxj{xwhk nmk qhw`cwdomb om Nzon n`{hw {eh `cck qwojh eoihc` 71127115- [ewhh ~xhz{ocmz nwh nzihk om {eh z{xky6 %>/ Nwh z{nqlhz pnlxhjenomz {wnmz`cwdomb z{wxj{xwnlly3 %7/ Oz {eh jcmkxj{ c` z{nqlhz pnlxh jenomznj{cwz {wnmz`cwdomb3 %:/ Oz {eh qhw`cwdnmjh c` z{nqlhz pnlxh jenomz lhnkomb{c {eh omjlxzocm c` zdnll$zjnlh `nwdhwz, zdnll$zjnlh dokz{whnd nj{cwz, nmkrcwihwz, nmk %nll hlzh ghomb h~xnl/ {c lcrhw `cck jcz{z `cw jcmzxdhwz3 [cnkkwhzz {eh ~xhz{ocmz, ngcx{ :,811 `nwdhwz, {wnkhwz, dollhwz, jclk z{cwnbh`njolo{ohz, nmk dckhwm nmk {wnko{ocmnl wh{nolhwz c` wojh nmk qc{n{c pnlxh jenomzrhwh zxwphyhk om ihy wxwnl qwckxjomb jhm{hwz {en{ zhwph {eh lnwbh xwgnmjhm{hwz %Kenin, Ghofomb, nmk Khleo/ c` {ewhh hjcmcdohz %Gnmblnkhze, {ehQhcqlhz Whqxgloj c` Jeomn YQWJT, nmk Omkon/- Kcdhz{oj pnlxh jenomz rhwhjeczhm, nz {ehy njjcddckn{h ?5( c` {eh z{nqlhz om {eh whbocm- Wojh nmkqc{n{chz nwh {eh dnom bwnom nmk {eh dnom phbh{nglh z{nqlh om {ehzh jcxm{wohz-

[eh zxwphyz òmkombz omkojn{h {en{ n {wnmz`cwdn{ocmnl dckhwmovn{ocm oz xmkhwrny om {ehzh z{nqlh `cck jenomz, nlgho{ n{ ko``hwhm{ zqhhkz- Om {eh wojh pnlxhjenom {wnmz`cwdn{ocm, {eh lhnkhw oz {eh QWJ, reoje nqqhnwz {c gh jenmbomb`nz{hw cw enz {wnmz`cwdhk `xw{ehw, hzqhjonlly om {eh whdnwinglh khphlcqdhm{ cò{z wojh dollomb zhj{cw- Om {eh qc{n{c pnlxh jenom, Omkon oz {niomb {eh lhnk, ro{e{eh zqhj{njxlnw wozh c` qc{n{c jclk z{cwnbh `njolo{ohz %JZ@z/om Nbwn-

Wnqok gx{ Kohwh{on{hk [wnzcwdn{oc

[eoz {wnmz`cwdn{ocm oz n ~xoh{ whpclx{ocm, nz {ehzh jenmbhz nwh bwnzzwcc{zom mn{xwh- Odqcw{nm{ kwophwz c` {eh {wnmz`cwdn{ocm c` wojh nmk qc{n{c pnlxhjenomz enph ghhm {eh omjwhnzh om zjnlh nmk jenmbh om {hjemclcby c` wojhdollomb nmk qc{n{c z{cwnbh- Cm {eh khdnmk zokh, {ehwh rnz n zxwbh om{eh khdnmk `cw qc{n{chz nmk c{ehw phbh{nglhz ro{e omjwhnzhz om omjcdhznmk om dhbnjo{ohz qcqxln{ocmz- [eoz jwhn{hk, om {xwm, n khdnmk `cw c``$zhnzcm zxqqly c` qc{n{chz nmk `cw eobehw$~xnlo{y wojh- Cm {eh zxqqly zokh,{eh mxdghw c` dhkoxdlnwbh dollz ro{e dckhwmovhk {hjemclcbohz nmkc` dckhwm JZ@z enz omjwhnzhk wnqokly- Gc{e {eh ko``xzocm c` JZ@z nmk {ehdckhwmovn{ocm c` dollz enph ghhm `npcwhk gy kowhj{ bcphwmdhm{ zxgzokohz


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21/310

uu [eh ^xoh{ Whpclx{ocm om Z{nqlh @cck Pnlxh Jenomz

Kcrmz{whndzhbdhm{z6 Zxqhwdnwih{z enph qhmh{wn{hk xwgnm wojh wh{nol, dcz{khhqly nmk rokhly om Ghofomb, rehwh {ehy enph ngcx{ enl` {eh dnwih{- Khleozxqhwdnwih{z enph cmly z{nw{hk {c qhmh{wn{h {eh wojh dnwih{, ro{e ngcx{ 2(c` znlhz- [eoz qhmh{wn{ocm jnm gh huqhj{hk {c njjhlhwn{h, bophm {en{ `cwhobmkowhj{ omphz{dhm{ om wh{nol rnz loghwnlovhk om Zhq{hdghw 71>7- Om Gnmblnkhze,zxqhwdnwih{z enph gnwhly z{nw{hk {c hm{hw {eh dnwih{- Zxqhwdnwih{z enphghhm zlcrhw {c qhmh{wn{h {eh xwgnm dnwih{ cw qc{n{chz, nz rhll nz cw c{ehw`whze qwckxjh %n lnb {en{ `cllcrz om{hwmn{ocmnl qn{{hwmz/-

Zxqhwdnwih{z nmk {wnko{ocmnl wojh zecqz nmk z{nllz enph ghhm zeo`{omb `wcdlcczh, xmgwnmkhk wojh {c qnjinbhk, gwnmkhk wojh- [eoz enz qwcbwhzzhk`xw{ehz{ nmk `nz{hz{ om {eh QWJ, kwophm gy {eh qwnj{ojhz c` dckhwmovomb wojhdollz- Gwnmkomb nllcrz {wnjhngolo{y om {eh zxqqly jenom `cw wojh om qnw{ojxlnw, nmodqcw{nm{ khphlcqdhm{- Qnjinbomb nlzc ehlqz zobmnl ~xnlo{y ko``hwhm{on{ocm-[wnko{ocmnl wh{nolhwz om Ghofomb {hmk {c gxy wojh wcd reclhznlh dnwih{z, rehwhnm odqcw{nm{ zenwh c` {wnkhwz nwh nbhm{z c` lnwbh dollz, nmk reclhznlhwz zhllwojh qnjinbhk ro{e doll gwnmkz- Zxqhwdnwih{ jenomz gxy zcdh wojh `wcd {ehreclhznlh dnwih{z, nmk zcdh kowhj{ly `wcd lnwbh dollz-

Bcphwmdhm{z om Gnmblnkhze nmk {eh QWJ mc lcmbhw kowhj{ly hmbnbh om wojhwh{nol, gx{ {eh bcphwmdhm{ z{oll kchz zc om Omkon- [eh zxwphy zecrhk {en{ {eh@now Qwojh Zecqz zenwh c` wh{nol znlhz rnz cmly ngcx{ >8( om Khleo-

Jn{nly{oj Wclhz c Bcphwdh{

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Qwnkhze z{xky vcmh om Omkon-

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Huhjx{oph Zxddnwy uuo

nmk Omkon, JZ@z om Omkon, nmk doll xqbwnkomb om nll {eh vcmhz nll nqqhnw {cenph hmjcxwnbhk xzh c` nmk omphz{dhm{z om nll {ehzh qwckxj{oph o{hdz, nmknll {eh o{hdz enph qlnyhk odqcw{nm{ wclhz om {wnmz`cwdomb {eh pnlxh jenomz-

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[eowk, {eh z{xky qcom{z {c {eh odqcw{nmjh c` `nwd omqx{ zxqqly jenomzxqz{whnd `wcd `nwdhwz nmk c` dokz{whnd nmk kcrmz{whnd qcz{enwphz{nj{opo{ohz zxje nz lcboz{ojz nmk reclhznlh, jclk z{cwnbh nmk dollomb, nmkwh{nolomb- Lo{{lh hdqowojnl whzhnwje rcwi enz ghhm kcmh cm {ehzh nwhnz, gx{ ozmhhkhk cw {eh qclojy khgn{h nmk {eh zyz{hdn{oj hpnlxn{ocm c` qclojy odqnj{zcm `cck zhjxwo{y-

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@cck Zhjxwo{y nk Bwcr{ Z{wn{hby cw Nzon

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Zhjcmk, {ehwh oz mc zolphw gxllh{ cw {eh jenllhmbhz njomb z{nqlhz pnlxh jenomz

om {eh whbocm- Wn{ehw, n pnwoh{y c` qclojy nmk qwcbwnd dhnzxwhz oz mhhkhkn{ pnwocxz lhphlz c` {eh zxqqly jenomz om cwkhw {c z{odxln{h {eh h``ojohmjy nmkjcdqh{o{ophmhzz c` huqnmkomb z{nqlhz dnwih{z- [eh dcz{ h``hj{oph omkowhj{bcphwmdhm{ om{hwphm{ocmz cjjxwwhk ro{e n jlxz{hw c` nj{opo{ohz {en{ zxqqcw{hkpnwocxz qnw{z c` {eh pnlxh jenomz om nm om{hbwn{hk rny-


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uuoo [eh ^xoh{ Whpclx{ocm om Z{nqlh @cck Pnlxh Jenomz

[eowk, {eh {wnmz`cwdn{ocm nmk zxjjhzzhz c` bcphwmdhm{z nmk {eh qwopn{hzhj{cw om kymndoj nwhnz `hhkomb dnfcw jo{ohz kcjxdhm{hk om {eoz z{xky dnyqwcpokh lhzzcmz {en{ jcxlk gh nqqlohk hlzhrehwh, om qnw{ojxlnw {c c{ehw mhnwgyvcmhz nmk, o` qczzoglh, {c {eh qccwhz{ nmk eom{hwlnmk nwhnz-

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[ehm jndh {eh `cck qwojh jwozoz c` 71127115- @cck qwojhz cm rcwlk dnwih{zzqoihk om {eh lnwbhz{ wozh zomjh {eh >?2:>?28 jwozoz, nmk {ehm khjlomhk om {ehzhjcmk enl` c` 7115, nl{ecxbe kcdhz{oj qwojhz whdnomhk eobehw {enm gh`cwh{eh jwozoz om zcdh jcxm{wohz- Wojh qwojhz om n mxdghw c` Nzonm jcxm{wohz wczhqwhjoqo{cxzly- [eh 71127115 jwozoz whpophk {eh `hnw c` {eh bwnom qwcglhd- [eh{o{lh c` nm Nzonm Khphlcqdhm{ Gnmi %NKG/ whqcw{ om 7115 huhdqloòhz {en{ rcwwy6


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Om{wckxj{ocm :

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Nkkwhzzomb cw hpnlxn{omb {eh jnxzhz c` {eh 71127115 jwozoz oz ghycmk {ehzjcqh c` {eoz rcwi, gx{ lhnkomb nmnlyzhz hdqenzovh {en{ wojh oz ko``hwhm{- Knrhnmk Zlny{cm %71>1/, Ehnkhy nmk @nm %71>1/, nmk [oddhw nmk Knrh %71>1/mc{h {en{ dnfcw Nzonm wojh qwckxjhwz enk bcck enwphz{z om 7115, nmk {en{z{cjiz rhwh mc{ lcr nmk hphm enk omjwhnzhk om 71127115- Wojh kok mc{ enph{eh zxqqly zecji {en{ rehn{ enk %kxh {c kwcxbe{/, {eh khdnmk zecji {en{jcwm huqhwohmjhk %jnxzhk gy qclojohz gccz{omb khdnmk `cw jcwm `cw goc`xhlqwcjhzzomb YMnylcw nmk @nljcm 7115T/, cw {eh zqhjxln{oph hwpcw om jcddcko{ydnwih{z {en{ odqnj{hk jcwm nmk rehn{ %[oddhw 711?/- Nmk wojh rnz mc{ ghombehnpoly {wnkhk om rcwlk dnwih{z- Wn{ehw, [oddhw nmk Knrh %71>16 2/ mc{h {en{reolh {eh zxqqly nmk khdnmk `xmkndhm{nlz `cw wojh rhwh zxqqcw{oph c` {ehbwnkxnl omjwhnzh om rcwlk qwojhz `wcd {ehow lcrz om 711>, qwckxj{ocm enkghhm omjwhnzomb z{hnkoly, z{cjiz whln{oph {c xzh enk ghhm omjwhnzomb zomjh 711:,nmk zxqqlohz npnolnglh `cw huqcw{ rhwh nkh~xn{h `cw mcwdnl khdnmk->

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; [eh ^xoh{ Whpclx{ocm om Z{nqlh @cck Pnlxh Jenomz

[eh boz{ c` {eh nmnlyzhz c` {eh 71127115 wojh jwozoz oz {en{ zecw{${hwd `nj{cwzrhwh {eh dnom jnxzhz c` {eh zenwq zqoih, om qnw{ojxlnw `nj{cwz whln{hk {c qclojy%omjlxkomb huqcw{ whz{woj{ocmz nmk lnwbh qwhjnx{ocmnwy odqcw{z/, jcxqlhkzhjcmknwoly ro{e om{hwmn{ocmnl {wnkhw zqhjxln{ocm- [ehzh zecw{${hwd `nj{cwz nwhzh{ nbnomz{ lcmbhw {hwd `nj{cwz zxje nz bwcr{e om khdnmk nmk khjlomh c` yohlkbwcr{e- Ecrhphw, {eh lcmbhw {hwd `nj{cwz kok mc{ qwcpcih {eh zqoih, nz {ehyenk ghhm om qlnjh rhll gh`cwh o{-

Qxwqczh nk [hdhz

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Ecrhphw, {eh khgn{h enz mc{ yh{ {nihm cm nz n jhm{wnl {ehdh {eh odqwcphdhm{c` z{nqlhz pnlxh jenomz- Wojh, c{ehw bwnomz, nmk ihy mcmbwnomz zxje nz qc{n{chznwh z{nqlhz om Nzonm jcxm{wohz- [eoz gcci khpc{hz n{{hm{ocm {c {en{ bnq om {ehkhgn{h- Zxje n{{hm{ocm oz jcdqlhdhm{nwy {c, nmk `hk om hm{exzonzd gy, {ehbwhn{ rnph c` khgn{h cm {eh whjhm{ `cck jwozoz-

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Om{wckxj{ocm 8

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Om {eh whmhrhk khgn{h om {eh whbocm cm `cck zhjxwo{y z{wn{hby, whqcw{z zxje nzNlnpo h{ nl- nmk NKG %71>1/, nmk nw{ojlhz om {eh qcqxlnw qwhzz om Nzonm jcxm{wohz7enph ghhm zqxwwhk gy {eh `cck jwozoz nmk enph whpophk n khgn{h {en{ enk ghhmqx{ cm {eh gnji gxwmhw zomjh o{ enk wnbhk om {eh >?21z- [eh khgn{h jhm{hwzcm ecr {c zclph {eh qwcglhd c` {eh kwnb cm {eh `cck hjcmcdy {ecxbe{ {c ghjwhn{hk gy {wnko{ocmnl nmk qccwly qhw`cwdomb `cck zxqqly jenomz-

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7 Om Omkon, `cw hundqlh, mhrz nw{ojlhz `wh~xhm{ly nzzhw{ n lomi gh{rhhm eobe `cck jcz{z nmkomh`òjohm{ nmk rnz{h`xl, {wnko{ocmnl nmk huqlco{n{oph, `cck zxqqly jenomz- [eoz rnz hpokhm{whjhm{ly om {eh xqwcnw cphw cmocm qwojh zqoihz, reoje rhwh lomihk om {eh qwhzz {c reclhznlhwzqhjxln{ocm- [eh Mn{ocmnl @cck Zhjxwo{y Goll, qwcdozhk om {eh 711? bhmhwnl hlhj{ocmz nmkmcr ghomb ph{{hk gy n Qnwlondhm{nwy Z{nmkomb Jcddo{{hh %Hjcmcdoj [odhz 71>7/, rnz

hmbhmkhwhk gy {eh qxgloj khgn{h cphw {eh `cck jwozoz, nz rhll nz lcmb$z{nmkomb khgn{h cphw{eh `cck zhjxwo{y mhhkz c` {eh qccw-

: [eoz {hwd khzjwoghz n pnlxh jenom om {hwdz c` {eh mxdghw c` o{z om{hwdhkonwy lomiz- [eoz oz n{hwd xzhk om {eoz gcci {c nmnlyvh {wnmz`cwdn{ocm c` {eh pnlxh jenom-


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0 [eh ^xoh{ Whpclx{ocm om Z{nqlh @cck Pnlxh Jenomz

zxqqly jenomz, nmk whbxln{ocmz zxje nz {eh Nbwojxl{xwnl Qwckxjh Dnwih{Jcddo{{hhz Nbwojxl{xwnl Qwckxjh Dnwih{omb %Whbxln{ocm/ Nj{ %wh`hwwhk {c nz{eh NQDJ Nj{/ z{oll nqqly om Omkon {c jcm{wcl nmk lojhmzh {eh {wnkhwz nmk qclojh{eh qwnj{ojhz- [eh whnj{ocm cm {eh `nwd zxqqly zokh rnz {c qx{ om qlnjh {ehwhzhnwje, hu{hmzocm, nmk jwhko{ nmk omqx{ zxqqly `cw n Bwhhm Whpclx{ocm-

Ro{e zxjjhzz nmk z{wxj{xwnl nkfxz{dhm{, om {eh >?51z7111z dnmy jcxm{wohzkozdnm{lhk {eh qnwnz{n{nl zyz{hd nmk loghwnlovhk {eh kcdhz{oj dnwih{whbxln{ocmz- [eh whzxl{ rnz omjwhnzomb h`òjohmjy om bwnom dnwih{z, zxje nz omGnmblnkhze %Nedhk, Enbbglnkh, nmk Jecrkexwy 7111/ nmk {eh QWJ %Wcvhllhh{ nl- >??2/-

Ecrhphw, khzqo{h {eh huqhwohmjh c` dnwih{ loghwnlovn{ocm nmk {eh BwhhmWhpclx{ocm, rehm {eh 71127115 jwozoz eo{, {eh zqhj{hw c` {eh {wnko{ocmnl zxqqlyjenom gccz{omb jcz{z nmk qwojhz rnz oddhkon{hly nmk rokhly glndhk- [eh glndombhm{nolhk hdqlcyomb dxje lnmbxnbh nmk dnmy odnbhz whdomozjhm{ c` {eczh xzhkom {eh >?21znz o` {eh z{nqlhz pnlxh jenomz enk n`{hw nll mc{ {wnmz`cwdhk dxjenlcmb ro{e {eh ndnvombly jenmbhk cphwnll hjcmcdohz om reoje {ehy xmj{ocmhkhjcmcdohz om reoje {ehwh enph ghhm lnwbh omjcdh omjwhnzhz, wnqok xwgnmovn{ocm,koh{ kophwzoòjn{ocm, nmk exbh wxwnl om`wnz{wxj{xwh omphz{dhm{z-

Dcwhcphw, {eh hdqowojnl lo{hwn{xwh om Nzon cm cck dnwih{z, cck zxqqly jenomz,nmk `cck zhjxwo{y omkojn{hz n dnfcw bnq- Om dxje c` Nzon, {eh `cck zhjxwo{ykhgn{h {hmkz {c `cjxz cm {eh `nwd lhphlecr {c qwckxjh dcwh nmk ehlqz{nqlhz nwdhwz gh dcwh h`òjohm{- _h{ {eh hpokhmjh oz {en{ nz dxje nz enl` c` {ehjcz{z om wojh nmk qc{n{c zxqqly jenomz nwh `cwdhk n`{hw {eh `nwd bn{hdnomlyom {eh doll, jclk z{cwnbh, reclhznlh nmk lcboz{ojz, nmk wh{nol zhbdhm{z- Gx{ {ehqcz{ `nwd bn{h qnw{ c` {eh pnlxh jenom oz lnwbhly xmz{xkohk-

N whpohr c` {eh lo{hwn{xwh om hnje vcmh z{xkohk `cw {eoz gcci %cmh vcmh hnjeom Gnmblnkhze, {eh QWJ, nmk Omkon/ zecrhk {en{ dnmy dhkoxd$lnwbh zxwphy$gnzhk z{xkohz c` wojh nmk qc{n{c nwdomb jcm{nomhk nzzhw{ocmz ngcx{ {eh mn{xwhc` qc{n{c jclk z{cwnbh nmk zcdh clk z{xkohz c` wojh dollz- N `hr qwcpokhk jnzhz{xkohz c` reclhznlh dnwih{z, nmk {ehwh oz n go{ c` hdqowojnl lo{hwn{xwh cm z{nqlhzwh{nol- Phwy `hr z{xkohz c` {eh zhbdhm{z c` {eh pnlxh jenom n`{hw {eh `nwd bn{henph ghhm kcmh {en{ nwh gnzhk cm hpokhmjh `wcd zxwphyz- Dcwhcphw, {eh bwhn{dnfcwo{y c` z{xkohz `cjxzhk cm n zqhjoòj qcw{ocm c` {eh pnlxh jenom zxje nz {eh`nwd cw {eh reclhznlh dnwih{z- Phwy `hr qwcpokhk nm om{hbwn{hk zxwphy$gnzhkpozocm c` reclh wojh nmk qc{n{c pnlxh jenomz-

Om `nj{, dcz{ pnlxh jenom z{xkohz xzhk zdnll zndqlhz c` ihy om`cwdnm{z qhwzhbdhm{ {c dnq pnlxh jenomz, nmk dcz{ z{xkohz rhwh cm mcmz{nqlh o{hdz


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Om{wckxj{ocm 2

zxje nz ecw{ojxl{xwnl qwckxj{z- Jwczz$jcxm{wy jcdqnwozcmz {hmkhk {c gh còm{hwmn{ocmnl pnlxh jenomz, hdqenzovomb {eh {wnkh nzqhj{- @cw zqhjoòj ihyzhbdhm{z c` {eh z{nqlhz pnlxh jenomz, ndnvombly lo{{lh òhlk zxwphy whzhnwje enzghhm kcmh6 n{ dcz{, n enmk`xl c` zxwphy$gnzhk wojh doll z{xkohz enph ghhmjcmkxj{hk om Nzon, om {eh 7111z- [eh zndh nqqlohz {c qc{n{c jclk z{cwhz nmk {cwojh nmk qc{n{c {wnkhwz om reclhznlh dnwih{z nmk pollnbh nwhnz-

[eh qnxjo{y c` enwk hpokhmjh gnzhk cm zndqlh zxwphyz ngcx{ kcdhz{ojz{nqlhz pnlxh jenomz om {eh 7111z om Nzon oz ghjnxzh whzhnwje enk {xwmhk {ckcjxdhm{omb {eh h``hj{z c` {eh Bwhhm Whpclx{ocm cm {eh ko``xzocm c` `nwd{hjemclcby %nmk imcji$cm ozzxhz c` zxz{nomomb {en{ whpclx{ocm/- Whzhnwje enknlzc {xwmhk {c ho{ehw `cjxz cm qclojy wh`cwdz kozdnm{lomb {eh qnwnz{n{nl nmkqwojh jcm{wcl zyz{hd, cw %om jnzhz zxje nz Omkon, rehwh {eh bcphwmdhm{ z{ollom{hwphmhk kowhj{ly {c gxy nmk zhll bwnom/ cm bcphwmdhm{ nj{ocmz nmk qclojohz omlohx c` qx{{omb zobmoòjnm{ whzhnwje om{c zxwphyz c` {eh xmj{ocmomb c` {eh qwopn{h%{wnko{ocmnl nmk dckhwm/ nj{cwz om {eh z{nqlhz pnlxh jenomz-

Ecrhphw, bcphwmdhm{ nmk dxl{oln{hwnl omz{o{x{ocmz, zqxwwhk gy {eh `cck jwozoz,jnllhk `cw xqbwnkomb {eh `cck pnlxh jenomz om {eh whbocm9 nm hundqlh oz {ehCqhwn{ocmnlQlnm`cwZxz{nomnglh@cckZhjxwo{y%NKG 71>1/- N{ {eh zndh {odh,`hr enwk kn{n huoz{ cm ecr kcdhz{oj z{nqlhz pnlxh jenomz nwh z{wxj{xwhk nmkqhw`cwdomb- [c ehlq òll {eh odqcw{nm{ imcrlhkbh bnq, NKG jcddozzocmhk{eh Om{hwmn{ocmnl @cck Qclojy Whzhnwje Omz{o{x{h {c jcllngcwn{h ro{e whzhnwjeomz{o{x{ocmz om {eh whbocm cm n kh{nolhk z{xky c` wojh nmk qc{n{c pnlxh jenomzom Gnmblnkhze, {eh QWJ, Omkon, nmk Poh{ Mnd %{eh ln{{hw oz mc{ whqcw{hk om{eoz pclxdh/-;

[eoz gcci qwhzhm{z {eh òmkombz c` {en{ z{xky, nmk kwnrz odqlojn{ocmz- [eh`cjxz oz cm %>/ kcdhz{oj pnlxh jenomz c` wojh nmk qc{n{chz9 %7/ qwopn{h zhj{cwnj{ocm om omqx{ zxqqly, `nwdomb, qwcjhzzomb, z{cwomb, {wnkomb, nmk wh{nolomb9%:/ {eh omjokhmjh c` qclojohz nmk bcphwmdhm{ dnwih{ nj{ocmz cm qwopn{h qnw{ohz9nmk %;/ {eh odqlojn{ocmz om {hwdz c` kcdhz{oj dnwih{ khphlcqdhm{ qclojohz-

[eh z{xky nmk gcci jcdqlhdhm{ {eh rcwiz whpohrhk ngcph- [eh z{xky nmk {ehgcci kc mc{ %>/ nod {c om`cwd {wnkh cw z{cwnbh qclojohz cw c{ehw {cqojz om {eh{wnkh nmk gx``hw z{cji khgn{h9 %7/ hundomh om{hwmn{ocmnl cw om{wnwhbocmnl {wnkh omz{nqlhz om nmy rny9 %:/ hundomh bcphwmdhm{ nj{ocmz om {eh dnwih{ hujhq{ nz {ehynwh qnw{ c` {eh ghenpocw c` {eh qwopn{h nj{cwz z{xkohk, zxje nz {eh dollz zenwh c`wojh zclk {c bcphwmdhm{9 %;/ khlph om{c {eh zecw{${hwd jnxzhz cw jcmzh~xhmjhz c`{eh whjhm{ jwozoz9 cw %8/ n{{hdq{ {c huqlnom jxwwhm{ `cck qwojh om`ln{ocm-

; Poh{ Mndz whzxl{z roll gh whqcw{hk zhqnwn{hly cromb {c dh{eckclcbojnl ko``hwhmjhz-


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Zhj{cw nk Nwhn @cjxz nk Whzhnwj ^xhz{ocz

[eh z{xky `cjxzhz cm wojh nmk qc{n{chz, ghjnxzh wojh oz n z{nqlh {ewcxbecx{Nzon nmk qc{n{c oz n z{nqlh om Zcx{e Nzon- Gnmblnkhze, {eh QWJ, nmk Omkon %{eh{ewhh hjcmcdohz/ nwh {eh `cjxz c` {eh gcci om cwkhw {c jcdqnwh Hnz{ nmkZcx{e Nzon- [eh QWJ nmk Omkon {cbh{ehw qwckxjh nmk jcmzxdh enl` c` {ehrcwlkz wojh nmk n {eowk c` o{z qc{n{chz, nmk {ehy nwh {eh rcwlkz `owz{ nmk {eowklnwbhz{ qc{n{c qwckxjhwz nmk jcmzxdhwz- [eh z{xky rnz jcmkxj{hk om zou vcmhz%{rc om hnje hjcmcdy, cmh ghomb {eh nwhn z{xkohk `cw qc{n{c nmk {eh c{ehw,{eh nwhn z{xkohk `cw wojh/-

[eh z{xky `cjxzhz cm kcdhz{oj zxqqly jenomz ghjnxzh {ehy ompclph mhnwly ?5(c` {eh wojh nmk qc{n{chz jcmzxdhk om Gnmblnkhze, {eh QWJ, nmk Omkon, nmkwhln{ophly lo{{lh zxwphy hpokhmjh oz npnolnglh om {eh 7111z cm {eh `xmj{ocmomb c`{ehzh pnlxh jenomz, nl{ecxbe {ehy nwh c`{hm kozjxzzhk om {eh kcdhz{oj qclojykhgn{hz- [eh nx{ecwz nlzc kok mc{ rnm{ {c cphwlnq ro{e {eh {wnkh nmk mn{ocmnlnmk whbocmnl z{cjiz khgn{h, reoje oz nmc{ehw zxgfhj{-

[eh `cjxz oz cm {eh `cwhdcz{ zxqqly jenomz c` z{nqlhz {c {eh jnqo{nl jo{ohz6Kenin, Gnmblnkhze9 Ghofomb, {eh QWJ9 nmk Khleo, Omkon- Zxqqlohz {c {eh jnqo{nlz

nwh dcwh jcddhwjonl {enm zxqqlohz om {eh nphwnbh vcmh om hnje mn{ocmzhjcmcdy, kxh {c qwcuodo{y {c bwhn{ jo{ohz-

Ecrhphw, reolh {eh wojh nmk qc{n{c vcmhz z{xkohk nwh mc{ whqwhzhm{n{oph c` nll{eh wojh nmk qc{n{c qwckxj{ocm vcmhz om Gnmblnkhze, {eh QWJ, nmk Omkon, {ehynwh whqwhzhm{n{oph c` {eh dnom vcmhz zxqqlyomb {eh lnwbh jo{ohz- [ehzh {hmk {cgh ro{eom ngcx{ 05 ecxwz gy {wxji `wcd {eh gob jo{ohz- Jowjlhz ro{e n wnkoxz c`5 ecxwz gy {wxji cw {wnom nwcxmk {eh >11 jo{ohz ro{e dcwh {enm > dollocm qhcqlhom {eh QWJ cw {eh 02 jo{ohz om Omkon ro{e dcwh {enm 811,111 qhcqlh jcphw n

zxgz{nm{onl qnw{ c` {eh wxwnl QWJ nmk Omkonm qcqxln{ocmz- Om Omkon, {en{ dobe{gh enl` {eh wxwnl qcqxln{ocm{eh enl` {en{, qhw om`cwdn{ocm `wcd reclhznlhdnwih{z, hhkz {eh jo{ohz- Jo{ohz roll eclk 01( c` {eh Nzonm qcqxln{ocm gy 7178,`wcd cmly 71( om >?01 %Fndhz h{ nl- 7115/- Xmkhwz{nmkomb {eh zxqqly jenomz`wcd {ehzh kymndoj, jcddhwjonl, zcdhren{ qhwoxwgnm vcmhz oz odqcw{nm{ {cjcdqwhehmkomb n{ lhnz{ cmh dnfcw qohjh c` {eh `cck zhjxwo{y qxvvlh om Nzon-

[eh ~xhz{ocmz nkkwhzzhk om {eh whzhnwje `cw {eh gcci nwh zxddnwovhknz `cllcrz6

%>/ Nwh z{nqlhz pnlxh jenomz {wnmz`cwdomb z{wxj{xwnlly3 [en{ oz, ecrnwh pnlxh jenomz `cw z{nqlhz %wojh nmk qc{n{chz/ ko``hwhm{on{hk nmk


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Om{wckxj{ocm ?

ko``hwhm{on{omb cphw {odh `wcd {wnko{ocmnl lcmb jenomz c` zdnll$zjnlhnj{cwz {c om{hwdhkon{h nmk dckhwm zecw{hw jenomz omjlxkomb dhkoxd$nmk lnwbh$zjnlh nj{cwz3

%7/ Oz {eh jcmkxj{ c` z{nqlh pnlxh jenomz nj{cwz {wnmz`cwdomb3 [en{ oz,nwh pnlxh$jenom `omnmjh, pnlxh$jenom nj{cwz qwcjxwhdhm{, nmk {ehqwckxj{ocm nmk dnwih{omb zyz{hdz {wnmz`cwdomb3 O` zc, ecr3 Oz {eh{wnmz`cwdn{ocm gwcnkly om {eh kowhj{ocm c` dckhwmovn{ocm ro{e jnqo{nlom{hmzo`ojn{ocm nmk {hjemclcby xqbwnkomb, ro{e ~xnlo{y ko``hwhm{on{ocm,ro{e jcm{wnj{omb, nmk ro{e kozom{hwdhkon{ocm3

%:/ Oz {eh qhw`cwdnmjh c` z{nqlhz pnlxh jenomz lhnkomb {c {eh omjlxzocm c`zdnll$zjnlh `nwdhwz, zdnll$zjnlh dokz{whnd nj{cwz, nmk rcwihwz, nmklhnkomb %nll hlzh ghomb h~xnl/ {c lcrhw `cck jcz{z `cw jcmzxdhwz3

Mc{h {en{ {eh z{xky hundomhz {eh ko``hwhm{on{ocm gc{e cphw zqnjh %dnomlyjcdqnwomb zodolnw vcmhz, hujhq{ `cw {eh Bnmzx, QWJ qc{n{c zo{h/ nmk {ewcxbe{odh %ro{e {ewhh qcom{z c` whjnll c` om`cwdn{ocm cm {eh pnlxh jenomz6 {eh cmh$yhnw 711?#>1 zmnqzec{, nlcmb ro{e zcdh dok$ nmk hnwly 7111z whjnll kn{n`cw zcdh ihy pnwonglhz {en{ khzjwogh {wnmz`cwdn{ocm c` {eh pnlxh jenomz-

Dcwhcphw, om Gnmblnkhze, {eh QWJ, nmk Omkon, zcdh zo{xn{ocmz jcm{omxh {c gh{wnko{ocmnl reolh c{ehwz nwh dcwh {wnmz`cwdhk, zxje nz om {eh qclnw jcdqnwozcmc` {eh Bnmzx qc{n{c vcmh ro{e {en{ om Nbwn, X{{nw Qwnkhze, ro{e {eh `cwdhwwhdnomomb zcdhren{ dcwh {wnko{ocmnl {enm {eh ln{{hw- [eoz zecrz n jwczzzhj{ocm kozqlnyomb n lcmbo{xkomnl z{cwyn jcddcm khpojh om {eh hjcmcdojzlo{hwn{xwh {en{ xzhz n jwczz zhj{ocm {c whqwhzhm{ {odh zhwohz jenmbh gy cgzhwpombcphw zqnjh {eombz {en{ cjjxw cphw {odh {cc-

Om nkko{ocm, n lcmbhw pohr c` {eh hpclx{ocm nmk ko``hwhm{on{ocm c` pnlxh jenomz ozcg{nomhk gy jcdqnwomb {eh whzxl{z wcd {eh 7111z ro{e {eh khzjwoq{ocmz c` {eh{wnko{ocmnl zxqqly jenomz `cw wojh om {eh clkhw lo{hwn{xwh, zxje nz Lhlh %>?2>/ `cwOmkon nmk Jecrkexwy %>??7/ `cw Gnmblnkhze- Om {eczh rcwiz, z{n{h nmk qwopn{hxwgnm reclhznlhwz gcxbe{ wcd wxwnl reclhznlhwz, nmk wxwnl reclhznlhwz gcxbe{`wcd ohlk gwcihwz nmk pollnbh {wnkhwz9 {ehm z{n{h nmk wxwnl cw xwgnm reclhznlhwzdollhk {eh qnkky nmk zclk {eh wojh {c {eh jo{ohz cw {crmz cw lcjnl pollnbh dnwih{z-@cw qc{n{c, n zodolnw zyz{hd enk qwhpnolhk hujhq{ {en{ qwcjhzzcwz nmk {eh z{n{hrhwh mc{ qwhzhm{, nmk {ehwh rhwh mc dckhwm jclk z{cwhz %fxz{ {wnko{ocmnl cm$`nwd z{cwnbh/- [eh QWJ enk n zodolnw {wnko{ocmnl zyz{hd gx{ ro{e n {roz{6 qwocw{c loghwnlovn{ocm gh`cwh {eh ln{h >?21z, wojh rnz zxqqlohk gy jcllhj{ophz nmk nwdbwcxqz#{hndz {c z{n{h jcllhj{ocm qcom{z- Ro{e loghwnlovn{ocm, {en{ rnz kozqlnjhkgy n zyz{hd zodolnw {c Omkonz {wnko{ocmnl zyz{hd `cw wojh-


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>7 [eh ^xoh{ Whpclx{ocm om Z{nqlh @cck Pnlxh Jenomz

jenom dny gh òmnmjhk `wcd ro{eom {eh jenom cw `wcd zcxwjhz hu{hwmnl {c o{-@omnmjh `wcd ro{eom {eh pnlxh jenom oz gnzhk cm {eh pnlxh$jenom whln{ocmzeoqz,zxje nz n {wnkhw nkpnmjomb `xmkz {c n `nwdhw rec gxyz omqx{z, qwckxjhzn jwcq, nmk dnwih{z {eh jwcq {c {eh {wnkhw- @omnmjh `wcd cx{zokh {eh pnlxhjenom oz qwhkojn{hk cm pnlxh$jenom whln{ocmzeoqz, zxje nz n gnmi lhmkomb{c n doll ghjnxzh o{ enz n jcm{wnj{ ro{e n wh{nolhw, reoje jcm{wnj{ zxgz{o{x{hz`cw jclln{hwnl-

[eoz gcci `cjxzhz cmly cm òmnmjh ro{eom {eh pnlxh jenom6 {wnkhw, dollhw, jclkz{cwh, nmk wh{nolhw jwhko{ {c zxqqlohwz nmk jlohm{z- Pnlxh$jenom òmnmjh oz cmhc` dnmy rnyz {en{ pnlxh$jenom nj{cwz jnm òmnmjh {ehow qwckxj{ocm- C{ehwhundqlhz omjlxkh zhl`$òmnmjh, reoje qwhkcdomn{hz, nmk jwhko{, reoje oz mc{nlrnyz qwhkojn{hk cm pnlxh$jenom whln{ocmzeoqz, zxje nz n z{wnobe{ gnmi lcnmcw dojwcjwhko{- Nll pnlxh$jenom nj{cwz dny nlzc qwcpokh jwhko{ zhwpojhz {c hnjec{ehw`nwdhwz kh `nj{c lhmkomb {c {wnkhwz, {wnkhwz nkpnmjomb jnze {c `nwdhwz,wh{nolhwz bh{{omb jwhko{ `wcd dollz, wh{nolhwz nllcromb khlnyhk qnydhm{ gyjcmzxdhwz, nmk zc cm-

@omnmjh ro{eom {eh pnlxh jenom oz nzzhzzhk om {eh {ewhh rnyz nlwhnky mc{hk6%>/ {hjemojnl nmk #cw qeyzojnl6 nzzhzzomb {eh ~xnm{o{n{oph odqcw{nmjh c` {wnkhwzjwhko{ {c zxqqlohwz nmk gxyhwz9 %7/ omz{o{x{ocmnl6 hpnlxn{omb reh{ehw {wnkhwzjwhko{ oz lomihk {c jcm{wnj{z nmk#cw zqhjoòjn{ocm c` dhh{omb jhw{nom z{nmknwkzzxje nz c` ~xnlo{y9 nmk %:/ cwbnmovn{ocmnl6 reh{ehw {eh jwhko{ oz `xmmhlhk poncwbnmovn{ocmz zxje nz jccqhwn{ophz-

[eh zhjcmk jn{hbcwy oz whln{hk {c omqx{ qwcjxwhdhm{- @nwdhwz gxy omqx{z9{wnkhwz gxy om{hwdhkon{h omqx{z zxje nz qnkky nmk qc{n{chz nmk `nj{cw omqx{zzxje nz {wxjiz, qh{wcl, nmk lngcw9 dollz gxy om{hwdhkon{h omqx{z zxje nz qnkkynmk `nj{cw omqx{z %hlhj{wojo{y, h~xoqdhm{, lngcw, nmk {wnmzqcw{ zhwpojhz/9 jclkz{cwnbh `njolo{ohz gxy `nj{cw omqx{z %hlhj{wojo{y cw kohzhl, lngcw, nmk h~xoqdhm{/nmk jcxlk gxy om{hwdhkon{h omqx{z9 nmk wh{nolhwz gxy om{hwdhkon{h omqx{z%qc{n{chz nmk wojh/ nmk `nj{cw omqx{z %z{nllz, {wnmzqcw{ zhwpojhz, nmk lngcw/-

Omqx{ qwcjxwhdhm{ oz nzzhzzhk om {eh zndh {ewhh rnyz6 %>/ {hjemojnl nmk#cwqeyzojnl6 nzzhzzomb {eh ~xnm{o{n{oph odqcw{nmjh c` {eh iomkz c` omqx{z zxjenz qxwjenzhk zhhkz nmk ehwgojokhz om `nwdhwz jcz{z, cw {wnmzqcw{ zhwpojhzom {wnkhwz nmk wh{nolhwz jcz{z, {eh bhcbwnqey nmk zcjochjcmcdojz c` {ehowzcxwjomb %zxje nz reh{ehw {eh {wnkhwz gxy `wcd zdnll$zjnlh `nwdhwz, reh{ehwwh{nolhwz gxy `wcd zdnll dollz, nmk zc cm/9 %7/ omz{o{x{ocmnl6 hpnlxn{omb reh{ehw{wnkhwz jwhko{ oz lomihk {c jcm{wnj{z nmk#cw zqhjoòjn{ocm c` dhh{omb jhw{nomz{nmknwkz zxje nz c` ~xnlo{y9 nmk %:/ cwbnmovn{ocmnl6 kh{hwdomomb reh{ehw {ehjwhko{ oz `xmmhlhk pon cwbnmovn{ocmz zxje nz jccqhwn{ophz-


36/310

Om{wckxj{ocm >:

[eh {eowk jn{hbcwy oz whln{hk {c cx{qx{ qwckxj{ocm {hjemclcby- Nll nj{cwz om {ehpnlxh jenom nwh jcmzokhwhk {c gh qwckxjhwz, mc{ fxz{ {eh `nwdhwz- @nwdhwz bwcrqnkky nmk qc{n{chz9 dollhwz doll qnkky nmk qwckxjh wojh9 jclk z{cwnbh `njolo{ohzz{cwh qc{n{chz9 {wnkhwz gxy cw gwcihw qc{n{chz nmk wojh cw qnkky nmk qhw`cwdn zhwpojh c` z{cwomb nmk {wnmzqcw{omb nmk zhllomb9 nmk wh{nolhwz nlzc gxy, z{cwh,{wnmzqcw{, nmk zhll {eh qwckxjh-

Qwckxj{ocm {hjemclcby oz nzzhzzhk om {ewhh rnyz6 %>/ {hjemojnlly, om {hwdz c` {ehomqx{z xzhk, zxje nz {eh om{hmzo{y c` lngcw xzh nmk jnqo{nl qhw xmo{ c` cx{qx{6`cw hundqlh, n zxqhwdnwih{ dny gh dcwh jnqo{nl om{hmzoph {enm n {wnko{ocmnlwh{nolhw9 %7/ {hjemojnlly, om {hwdz c` {eh zjnlh c` qwckxj{ocm nmk c` `nwd, qlnm{,cw z{nll9 nmk %:/ hjcmcdojnlly, om {hwdz c` jcz{z omjxwwhk %om{hwdhkon{h omqx{nmk `nj{cw qwojhz qnok/ gy ko``hwhm{ nj{cwz-

[eh `cxw{e jn{hbcwy oz whln{hk {c zhllomb nmk dnwih{omb cx{qx{- @nwdhwz zhllqnkky nmk qc{n{chz9 dollhwz zhll dollomb zhwpojhz9 jclk z{cwhz zhll z{cwnbh nmkc{ehw zhwpojhz9 {wnkhwz zhll lcboz{ojz, bwnkomb nmk zcw{omb, nmk dnwih{omb zhwpojhz9nmk wh{nolhwz zhll {eh òmnl qwckxj{- [eoz oz nzzhzzhk om {eh zndh {ewhh rnyz6%>/ {hjemojnl nmk#cw qeyzojnl6 nzzhzzomb {eh ~xnm{o{n{oph odqcw{nmjh c` {ehpnwocxz iomkz c` qwckxj{z, zxje nz pnwoh{ohz nmk ~xnlo{ohz c` wojh9 zhwpojhz zxje nzqwcpokomb khlophwy cw jwhko{ nlcmb ro{e {eh qwodnwy qwckxj{ cw zhwpojh9 nmk {ehbhcbwnqey nmk zcjochjcmcdojz c` {ehow dnwih{omb9 %7/ omz{o{x{ocmnl6 reh{ehw{eh dnwih{omb oz kcmh cm jcm{wnj{ cw n zqc{ dnwih{, nmk qhw z{nmknwkz cwro{ecx{9 nmk %:/ cwbnmovn{ocmnl6 reh{ehw dnwih{omb oz kcmh om jccqhwn{ophz cwnzzcjon{ocmz cw omkopokxnlly, nmk c``$dnwih{ phwzxz om jlxz{hwz zxje nz reclhznlhdnwih{z nmk rh{ dnwih{z-

Qhw`cwdnmjh- Om {hwdz c` qhw`cwdnmjh, {eh pnlxh jenomz nz n reclh nmk{ehow jcdqcmhm{ qnw{z cw zhbdhm{z jnm gh nmnlyvhk ro{e whzqhj{ {c {rccx{jcdhz6 h`òjohmjy nmk h~xo{y- C` jcxwzh {ehwh oz n {wnkh$c`` gh{rhhm{ehd`cw hundqlh, n jcz{ om {eh zyz{hd jnm gh jx{ gy kozom{hwdhkon{ocm ponhlodomn{omb pollnbh {wnkhwz %n jcddcm {whmk/, gx{ {en{ dhnmz nm h~xo{y h``hj{%hdqlcydhm{/ cm zdnll$zjnlh {wnkhwz- H`òjohmjy dhnzxwhz {eh jcz{ c` `cck nmkwhzcxwjhz {en{ rhwh xzhk {c dcph {eh jwcqz `wcd {eh `nwdhwz òhlkz {c {ehwh{nol zehlphz- [eoz gcci kchz mc{ qwhzhm{ qnw{onl cw {c{nl `nj{cw qwckxj{opo{ynmnlyzhz, gx{ wn{ehw jcdqnwn{oph jcz{ hz{odn{hz cphw nj{cw {yqhz nmk z{xkyvcmhz qhw qwckxj{- [eh z{xky nlzc hpnlxn{hz {wnko{ocmnl phwzxz dckhwm wh{nolqwojhz `cw wojh nmk qc{n{chz- H~xo{y dhnzxwhz {eh omjlxzocm c` qccwhw bwcxqzom {eh pnlxh jenomz nmk {eh h``hj{z cm qccw jcmzxdhwz- [eoz oz nmnlyvhk gyjcdqnwomb qwojhz hnwmhk gy ko``hwhm{ zjnlhz c` `nwdhwz %o-h-, zdnll$, dhkoxd$,nmk lnwbh$zjnlh/, nmk {ehow qnw{ojoqn{ocm om ko``hwhm{ pnlxh jenomz- Odqlojo{ly, {eozozzxh oz nlzc nkkwhzzhk om {eh c{ehw zhbdhm{z gy hundomomb z{wxj{xwnl jenmbh,


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>; [eh ^xoh{ Whpclx{ocm om Z{nqlh @cck Pnlxh Jenomz

om qnw{ojxlnw, jcmjhm{wn{ocm ro{eom {eh {wnkomb, dollz, jclk z{cwnbh, nmk wh{nolzhbdhm{z- @cck qwojhz jenwbhk gy ko``hwhm{ iomkz c` wh{nolhwz nwh jcmzokhwhk,gx{ {eh z{xky kok mc{ omjlxkh jcmzxdhw zxwphyz-

Z{wxj{xwh c {h Gcci

Jenq{hw 7 qwhzhm{z zhlhj{hk gnjibwcxmk om`cwdn{ocm `cw {eh z{xky vcmhzwhbnwkomb wojh nmk qc{n{c qwckxj{ocm, jcmzxdq{ocm, {wnkh, nmk qclojohz nz rhllnz {eh zndqlomb `wndhrcwi- Jenq{hwz :0 %Qnw{ G/ qwhzhm{ {eh òmkombz c` {ehz{xkyz zxwphyz cm wojh pnlxh jenomzòwz{ cm {eh xqz{whnd cw `nwd zhbdhm{,zhjcmk cm {eh dokz{whnd zhbdhm{z %kcdhz{oj {wnkhwz nmk wojh dollz/, {eowk cmwh{nol, nmk `cxw{e cm jcz{z nmk dnwbomz njwczz {eh pnlxh jenom- Om {eh zndhdnmmhw, Jenq{hwz 2>1 %Qnw{ J/ qwhzhm{ {eh òmkombz `wcd {eh z{xkyz zxwphyzcm qc{n{c pnlxh jenomz- Qnw{z G nmk J nwh mhjhzznwoly zodolnw nmk c`{hm xzh{eh zndh lnmbxnbh, bophm {eh zxgfhj{z z{xkohk nmk {eh dh{eckz xzhk- Qnw{ Goz om{hmkhk `cw whnkhwz om{hwhz{hk om wojh, nmk Qnw{ J `cw {eczh om{hwhz{hk omqc{n{chz, rec dny mc{ rnm{ {c wh`hw gnji {c {eh wojh zhj{ocm {c xmkhwz{nmk{eh om`cwdn{ocm `xlly- Qnw{z N nmk K nwh whlhpnm{ {c gc{e {eh qc{n{c nmk wojhzhj{ocmz- Qnw{ K zym{ehzovhz {eh omkombz cm {eh cphwnll pnlxh jenomz nmk qwhzhm{zqclojy odqlojn{ocmz-

Whhwhjhz

Nedhk, W-, Z- Enbbglnkh, nmk [- Jecrkexwy, hkz- 7111- Cx{c`{ehZenkcrc`@ndomh6Hpclpomb@cckDnwih{znmk@cckQclojyomGnmblnkhze- Gnl{odcwh6Fcemz Ecqiomz Xmophwzo{y Qwhzz nmk Om{hwmn{ocmnl @cck Qclojy WhzhnwjeOmz{o{x{h %O@QWO/-

Nlnpo, E- %ro{e N- E{hmnz, W- Icqojio, N- Zehqehwk, nmk W- Jlnwh{h/- 71>7-[wxz{omb[wnkhnmk{ehQwopn{hZhj{cw`cw@cckZhjxwo{yomZcx{ehnz{Nzon- Rnzeomb{cm, KJ6 Rcwlk Gnmi-

Nzonm Khphlcqdhm{ Gnmi %NKG/- 71>1- Cqhwn{ocmnlQlnm`cwZxz{nomnglh@cckZhjxwo{yomNzonnmk{ehQnjo oj- Dnmoln-

Gwocmhz, W- 71>>- Whbocmnl Jccqhwn{ocm `cw @cck Zhjxwo{y6 [eh Jnzh c`Hdhwbhmjy Wojh Whzhwphz om {eh NZHNM qlxz [ewhh- NKG Zxz{nomnglhKhphlcqdhm{RcwiombQnqhwZhwohz-Mc->5-Dnmoln6 NKG-

Jecrkexwy, M- >??7- Wojh Dnwih{z om Gnmblnkhze6 N Z{xky om Z{wxj{xwh,Jcmkxj{ nmk Qhw cwdnmjh- Whqcw{ {c XZNOK `cw XZNOK ro{e O@QWO-Rnzeomb{cm, KJ6 O@QWO-


38/310

Om{wckxj{ocm >8

Knrh, K-, hk- 71>1- [eh Wojh Jwozoz6 Dnwih{z, Qclojohz nmk @cck Zhjxwo{y-Lcmkcm6 @cck nmk Nbwojxl{xwh Cwbnmovn{ocm %@NC/ nmk Hnw{ezjnm-

Knrh, K- nmk [- Zlny{cm- 71>1- [eh Rcwlk Wojh Dnwih{ Jwozoz c` 71127115- OmK- Knrh, hk- [ehWojhJwozoz6Dnwih{z,Qclojohznmk@cckZhjxwo{y- Lcmkcm6@NC nmk Hnw{ezjnm-

Hjcmcdoj[odhz- 71>7- Zh{ Xq Gcky Ehnkhk gy QD {c Odqlhdhm{ @cck Zhjxwo{yGoll6 D Z Zrndomn{enm- 7; Dny- e{{q6##hjcmcdoj{odhz-omkon{odhz-jcd#mhrz#hjcmcdy#qclojy#zh{$xq$gcky$ehnkhk$gy$qd${c$odqlhdhm{$`cck$zhjxwo{y$goll$d$z$zrndomn{enm#nw{ojlhzecr#>:;;>8>5-jdz

@nmb, J- 71>1- Ecr Jeomn Z{ngolovhk Bwnom Qwojhz kxwomb {eh Blcgnl QwojhJwozoz- Om K- Knrh, hk- [ehWojhJwozoz6Dnwih{z,Qclojohznmk@cckZhjxwo{y-Lcmkcm6 @NC nmk Hnw{ezjnm-

@NCZ[N[- m-k- e{{q6##`ncz{n{-`nc-cwb# %njjhzzhk >1 Nxbxz{ 71>7/-Bxln{o, N- nmk D- Kx{{n- 71>1- Wojh Qclojohz om Omkon om {eh Jcm{hu{ c` {eh Blcgnl

Wojh Qwojh Zqoih- Om K- Knrh, hk- [ehWojhJwozoz6Dnwih{z,Qclojohznmk@cckZhjxwo{y- Lcmkcm6 @NC nmk Hnw{ezjnm-

Ehnkhy, K- nmk Z- @nm- 71>1- Wh`lhj{ocmz cm {eh Blcgnl @cck Jwozoz6 Ecr KokO{ Enqqhm3 Ecr Enz O{ Exw{3 Nmk Ecr Jnm Rh Qwhphm{ {eh Mhu{ Cmh3WhzhnwjeDcmcbwnqe>08- Rnzeomb{cm, KJ6 Om{hwmn{ocmnl @cck QclojyWhzhnwje Omz{o{x{h %O@QWO/-

Eczznom, D-, nmk X- Khg- 71>1- Pcln{olo{y om Wojh Qwojhz nmk Qclojy Whzqcmzhz omGnmblnkhze- Om K- Knrh, hk- [ehWojhJwozoz6Dnwih{z,Qclojohznmk@cckZhjxwo{y- Lcmkcm6 @NC nmk Hnw{ezjnm-

Fndhz, R-, Z- Fen, L- Zxdxlcmb, E- Zcm, W- Enznm, D- Ienm, B- Zxboynw{c, nmk@- Veno- 7115- @cckQwojhznmkOm`ln{ocmomKhphlcqombNzon6OzQcphw{yWhkxj{ocmJcdomb{cnmHmk3ZqhjonlWhqcw{-Dnmoln6 NKG-

Lhlh, X- >?2>- @cckBwnomDnwih{ombomOmkon6Qwopn{hQhw`cwdnmjhnmkQxglojQclojy- O{enjn6 Jcwmhll Xmophwzo{y Qwhzz-

Mnylcw, W- nmk R- @nljcm- 7115- Cxw Knoly Gwhnk- [ehGcz{cmWhpohr- Zhq{hdghw#Cj{cghw6 >:5-

Wcvhllh, Z-, N- Qnwi, F- Exnmb, nmk E- Fom- >??2- Loghwnlovn{ocm nmk Wxwnl Dnwih{Om{hbwn{ocm om Jeomn-NdhwojnmFcxwmnlc`Nbwojxl{xwnlHjcmcdojz- 2? %7/60:8;7-

[oddhw, J- 711?- Wojh Qwojh @cwdn{ocm om {eh Zecw{ Wxm nmk {eh Lcmb Wxm6[eh Wclh c` Dnwih{ Z{wxj{xwh om Huqlnomomb Pcln{olo{y- RcwiombQnqhw>27-Rnzeomb{cm, KJ6 Jhm{hw `cw Blcgnl Khphlcqdhm{-

[oddhw, J- nmk K- Knrh- 71>1- @cck Jwozhz Qnz{, Qwhzhm{ %nmk @x{xwh3/6 RollRh Hphw Lhnwm3 Om K- Knrh, hk- [ehWojhJwozoz6Dnwih{z,Qclojohznmk@cckZhjxwo{y- Lcmkcm6 @NC nmk Hnw{ezjnm-

NKG whjcbmovhz {eoz dhdghw gy {eh mndh Qhcqlhz Whqxgloj c` Jeomn-


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Zhj{cw Cphwpohr,

Z{xky Nwhnz, nkZndqlob @wndhrcwi7|

[eoz jenq{hw qwcpokhz gnjibwcxmk om`cwdn{ocm `cw {eh whz{ c` {eh gcci-[eh òwz{ {rc zhj{ocmz lny cx{ {eh ihy qcom{z ngcx{ {eh wojh nmk qc{n{czhj{cwz9> {ehow qn{{hwmz nmk {whmkz om {eh zndqlh vcmhz om {eh hjcmcdohz

z{xkohkGnmblnkhze, {eh Qhcqlhz Whqxgloj c` Jeomn %QWJ/, nmk Omkonom{hwdz c` odqcw{z nmk huqcw{z, jcmzxdq{ocm, qwckxj{ocm, kcdhz{oj dnwih{omb9nmk {eh ihy qcom{z c` bcphwmdhm{ qclojy cm {eh {rc qwckxj{z- [eh lnz{ zhj{ocmgwoh`ly khzjwoghz {eh z{xky nwhnz, nmk kozjxzzhz {eh zxwphy dh{eckz nmkzndqlomb `wndhrcwi xzhk om {eh z{xky-

Wojh o Gnblnkhz, {h Qhcqlhz Whqxgloj c

Jon, nk Okon

Wojh Odqcw{z nk Huqcw{z

Hu{hwmnl wojh {wnkh rnz n phwy domcw qnw{ c` nll {ewhh wojh hjcmcdohz z{xkohk,reoje rhwh gnzojnlly zhl`$zx`òjohm{ om wojh- Ro{e zcdh dckhz{ yhnwly lxj{xn{ocmz,ngcx{ 7( c` wojh jcmzxdq{ocm om Gnmblnkhze rnz odqcw{hk om {eh 7111z- Wojh{wnkh rnz whln{ophly omzobmoòjnm{ om {eh QWJ, njjcxm{omb `cw lhzz {enm >-8( c`{c{nl jcmzxdq{ocm cw qwckxj{ocm- [eh QWJ rnz n phwy zdnll mh{ wojh odqcw{hw om>??8 gx{ n mh{ huqcw{hw om 7111, 7118, nmk 711?- Om 7111 nmk 711?, {eh QWJhuqcw{hk >-5 dollocm {cmz c` wojh %lhzz {enm >( c` o{z cx{qx{/- Omkon huqcw{hk cmnphwnbh ;-0( c` o{z wojh cx{qx{ kxwomb {eh jwcq yhnwz %J_z/ 711>#177115#1?-Omkonz wojh odqcw{z enk ghhm mhbloboglh %lhzz {enm >( c` {c{nl wojh jcmzxdq{ocmom nmy yhnw zomjh >??1/-

> @cw om`cwdn{ocm ngcx{ kh{nolhk {whmkz nmk qn{{hwmz om {eh z{nqlhz zhj{cwz om Nzon, zhh, `cwhundqlh, Knrh %71>1/, Qnmkhy h{ nl- %71>1/, nmk Zcdgolln, Eczznom, nmk Enwky %7117/, cw gwcnkom`cwdn{ocm cm {eh wojh zhj{cw om Nzon- Zodolnw lo{hwn{xwh oz mc{ npnolnglh `cw qc{n{chz om Nzon-


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>5 [eh ^xoh{ Whpclx{ocm om Z{nqlh @cck Pnlxh Jenomz

Dcwh gwcnkly, {eh bwnkxnl khjlomh om wojh jcmzxdq{ocm oz qnw{ c` n {whmk c` nkhjlomomb zenwh c` jhwhnlz om Nzonm koh{z, reoje nwh kophwzo`yomb %Qombnlo 7110/qnw{ c` {eh bhmhwnl qehmcdhmcm imcrm nz Ghmmh{{z Lnr %Ghmmh{{ >?8;/-@cw hundqlh, {eh Bcphwmdhm{ c` Omkon %71>1/ whqcw{ zecrz {en{ {eh zenwh c`jhwhnlz om {eh {c{nl `cck gxkbh{ c` Omkonmz enk khjwhnzhk kxwomb >??27110,om {eh wxwnl nwhnz `wcd 88( {c :8( nmk om xwgnm nwhnz `wcd :8( {c 78(-

Qnkky Qwckxj{oc

N `hr ihy cgzhwpn{ocmz cm qnkky qwckxj{ocm om {eh z{xky jcxm{wohz `cllcr-7

@owz{, {eh hu{hm{ c` lnmk xmkhw wojh jxl{opn{ocm enk mc{ jenmbhk dxje omGnmblnkhze, {eh QWJ, nmk Omkon kxwomb {eh lnz{ zhphwnl khjnkhz- Om Gnmblnkhze,nldcz{ {ewhh$~xnw{hwz c` {c{nl jwcqqhk lnmk rnz khpc{hk {c qnkky jxl{opn{ocm-[en{ nwhn enk jenmbhk lo{{lh cphw {odh, n{ wcxbely >1 dollocm ehj{nwhz %en/c` qnkky `wcd >?50 {c 7115- Om {eh QWJ, {eh wojh nwhn wczh `wcd 72 dollocmen om >?0> {c :8 dollocm en om >?51, {ehm kwcqqhk {c :1 dollocm en kxwomb{eh 7111z- Om Omkon, wojh rnz qlnm{hk om ngcx{ 77( c` nll jwcqqhk nwhnz omJ_>?5?#?1, gx{ {en{ kwcqqhk {c >?( om J_7115#1?-

Zhjcmk, qnkky qwckxj{ocm pnwohk rokhly ro{eom vcmhz- [eoz rnz hzqhjonlly zc omOmkon nmk {eh QWJ, lnwbh hjcmcdohz ro{e zxgz{nm{onl om{hwwhbocmnl ko``hwhmjhz-

Om {eh QWJ, Exmnm, Fonmbuo, nmk Eholcmbfonmb rhwh {eh {ewhh lnwbhz{ wojh$qwckxjomb qwcpomjhz, njjcxm{omb `cw ngcx{ >;(, >>(, nmk 5( %whzqhj{ophly/c` wojh nwhn nmk ngcx{ >:(, >1(, nmk 5( c` qnkky cx{qx{ %JWWO 711?/- [ehQWJ enz {ewhh dnfcw wojh$qwckxjomb whbocmz- Whbocm > %{eh mcw{ehnz{/, omjlxkombqwcpomjhz zxje nz Eholcmbfonmb, Folom, nmk Loncmomb, qwckxjhk fnqcmojn wojhcmly- Whbocm 7 %{eh hnz{/, omjlxkomb @xfonm, Bxnmbkcmb, Bxnmbuo, Bxovecx,Enomnm, Exgho, Exmnm, Fonmbuo, Zojexnm, nmk _xmnm qwcpomjhz, qwckxjhk cmlyomkojn- Whbocm : %zcx{ehnz{/, omjlxkomb Nmexo, Fonmbzx, Zenmbeno, nmk Vehfonmb,qwckxjhk omkojn nmk fnqcmojn- Eholcmbfonmb %{eh qwcpomjh z{xkohk `cw {eozgcci/ rnz {eh QWJz lnwbhz{ fnqcmojn wojh$qwckxjomb qwcpomjh nmk Exmnm rnz{eh lnwbhz{ omkojn$qwckxjomb qwcpomjh- Wojh qwckxj{ocm om {eh QWJ enk ghhmzeo`{omb wcd zcx{e {c mcw{e zomjh >?51- [eh wojh nwhn om Eholcmbfonmb omjwhnzhk`wcd 710 en om >?51 {c 7-78 dollocm en om 7115, reolh om Vehfonmb, nmc{ehwdnfcw wojh qwckxj{ocm nwhn om {eh hnz{, wojh lnmk khjlomhk wcd 7-8 dollocm en om>?51 {c lhzz {enm > dollocm en om 7115 nz {eh qwcpomjh omkxz{wonlovhk nmknbwojxl{xwh kophwzo`ohk-

7 Qnkky wh`hwz {c xmdollhk wojh nmk mc{ {c {eh `ohlk om reoje o{ oz bwcrm-


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zcx{ehwm QWJ/9 %7/ n dok$yhnw qlnm{omb %om Dny, zxje nz omkojn om {eh zcx{e nmkfnqcmojn om {eh mcw{e/9 nmk %:/ n ln{h yhnw jwcq c` omkojn, qlnm{hk om Fxly om {ehzcx{e- @wcd >??1 {c 711?, z{n{oz{ojz zecr n zeo`{ {crnwk dok nmk ln{h wojh,wh`lhj{omb n zeo`{ {crnwk fnqcmojn nmk omjwhnzhk wojh qwckxj{ocm om {eh mcw{e,nmk {crnwk dok$ nmk ln{h$zhnzcm wojh om {eh zcx{e-

Om Omkon, yohlkz enk kcxglhk zomjh >?01, wcd wcxbely > {#en {c 7-7 {#en om 71>1,nmk qwckxj{ocm enk wozhm gy ;>(, wcd wcxbely 21 dollocm {cmz om J_>?55#5? {c?? dollocm {cmz om J_7115#1?- Qnkky qwckxj{ocm om Omkon enk nlzc ghjcdh lhzzzhnzcmnl- [eh zenwh c` kwy zhnzcm %owwobn{hk/ qnkky om {c{nl qnkky qwckxj{ocmenk omjwhnzhk wcd :2( om >?01 {c 82( om 7115 %Bcphwmdhm{ c` Omkon 711?n/-

Reolh yohlkz enk wozhm om nll {ewhh hjcmcdohz, {eh Zcx{e Nzonm vcmhz lnbbhkgheomk {eh QWJ6 Gnmblnkhze nmk Omkon yohlkz rhwh ngcx{ :8(;8( c` QWJyohlkz- Ehmjh, nl{ecxbe {eh QWJ enk lhzz wojh lnmk xmkhw jxl{opn{ocm {enm kokOmkon nmk Gnmblnkhze jcdgomhk, {eh QWJ qwckxjhk >?1 dollocm {cmz c` qnkkyyhnwly phwzxz >:1 dollocm {cmz `cw Gnmblnkhze nmk Omkon jcdgomhk-

@cxw{e, {eh ko``xzocm c` E_Pz cjjxwwhk wnqokly om nll {ewhh hjcmcdohz, hzqhjonllygh`cwh 7111-

Gnmblnkhze enk rokhly nkcq{hk E_Pz, nz {eh huqnmzocm c` owwobn{ocm `njolo{ohznllcrhk qlnm{omb om {eh kwy %gcwc/ zhnzcm %Nznkxvvndnm 711?/- Eczznom%711?/ mc{hk {en{, `wcd >?52 {c 7111, Gnmblnkhzez zenwh c` jxl{opn{hk wojhlnmk xmkhw E_Pz omjwhnzhk `wcd ::( {c 01(-

[eh QWJz wnqok yohlk omjwhnzh jnm lnwbhly gh n{{wogx{hk {c {eh nkcq{ocm c`eygwok wojh- [eh QWJz eygwok wojh qwcbwnd rnz z{nw{hk om >?0:, nmk eygwokzhhk rnz whlhnzhk jcddhwjonlly om >?20 %Bxln{o, Jehm, nmk Zewhhkenw 71>1/-Lhzz {enm >( c` wojh nwhn rnz qlnm{hk {c eygwok wojh om >?20, gx{ {eoz omjwhnzhk{c ngcx{ 8;( om >??> nmk ngcx{ 0:( om 7115 %Lo, Uom, nmk _xnm 711?/-

Om Omkon, E_Pz rhwh om{wckxjhk kxwomb {eh Bwhhm Whpclx{ocm- E_Pz jcdqwozhkcmly 2( c` nll wojh om J_>?05#0?, gx{ {eh zenwh bwhr {c 85( gy J_>?57#5:%Zombe nmk Inxw >??1/ nmk 2;( gy >??? %Kowhj{cwn{h c` Wojh Khphlcqdhm{7117/- Nz om Gnmblnkhze, {eh nkcq{ocm c` E_P wojh nz n wnomy zhnzcm %ienwo`/ jwcqom kwohw nwhnz om {eh Omkc$Bnmbh{oj qlnom %zxje nz om X{{nw Qwnkhze/, omjwhnzhk~xojily om {eh >?51z nlcmb ro{e {eh rokhzqwhnk ko``xzocm c` qwopn{h zenllcr{xgh rhllz- Wnomy zhnzcm wojh oz kcxglh jwcqqhk ro{e owwobn{hk rehn{ om {eh kwyzhnzcm %wngo/- Om eobehw wnom`nll nwhnz, zxje nz Rhz{ Ghmbnl %nz om Gnmblnkhze/,{eh zqwhnk c` {xgh rhllz nmk E_P wojh nllcrhk kcxglh jwcqqomb c` wojh %@xfo{nnmk Eczznom >??8/- @xfo{n nmk Eczznom zecr {en{ E_Pz ko``xzhk dcz{ wnqokly


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Zhj{cw Cphwpohr, Z{xky Nwhnz, nmk Zndqlomb @wndhrcwi 7>

om {eh >?51z, jcomjokomb ro{e {eh dcz{ wnqok omjwhnzh c` {xgh rhllz om {eh wojhnwhnz- Om jcm{wnz{ ro{e E_Pz, eygwok wojh enk zqwhnk zlcrly om Omkon, nmk cmlynqqwcuodn{hly 7( c` wojh qwckxj{ocm rnz `wcd eygwok pnwoh{ohz- [c hmjcxwnbh{eh zqwhnk c` eygwok wojh, Omkon odqlhdhm{hk n qclojy `cw zxgzokovomb o{z zhhkz%Hjcmcdoj[odhz 71>1/-

@o`{e, {eh ko``xzocm c` mhr pnwoh{ohz enk ghhm njjcdqnmohk gy n zeo`{ {c eobehw~xnlo{y wojh %~xnlo{y ehwh wh`hwz {c jczdh{oj n{{wogx{hz zxje nz {eh lhmb{e {crok{e wn{oc c` {eh dollhk ihwmhl/- Om Gnmblnkhze, eobe$~xnlo{y wojh pnwoh{ohzrhwh wnqokly nkcq{hk ghjnxzh c` eobe yohlkz, zecw{hw dn{xwo{y, nmk whln{ophlybcck bwnom ~xnlo{y, jnxzomb n zeo`{ nrny `wcd jcnwzh pnwoh{ohz %Eczznom, Gczh,nmk Dxz{n`o 71109 Dom{hm, Dxwzeok, nmk Whnwkcm 71>7/- [eh QWJ qwckxjhk{rc dnom iomkz c` wojh6 fnqcmojn nmk omkojn- [eh nwhn qlnm{hk {c fnqcmojn enkhuqnmkhk `wcd >>( c` {eh {c{nl wojh nwhn om >?51 {c 7?( gy 7111 %Enmzhmh{ nl- 7117/ nmk ngcx{ 7?(:1( kxwomb {eh 7111z %Lhh nmk Iod 7112/- [ehhuqnmzocm cjjxwwhk dnomly om {eh mcw{ehnz{, om {ewhh qwcpomjhz, cmh c` reoje%Eholcmbfonmb/ rnz xzhk om {eh z{xky `cw {eoz gcci- [eh zeo`{ om ~xnlo{y om Omkonenk ghhm lhnz{ dnwihk6 reolh Omkon oz imcrm cm {eh rcwlk dnwih{ `cw o{z eobe$~xnlo{y wojh, jnllhk gnzdn{o, o{ jcdqwozhk fxz{ >(7( c` {eh jcxm{wyz {c{nlwojh qwckxj{ocm %MGNWK m-k-/-

Wojh Pnlxh Jnoz nk Dnwih{z

@owz{, om bhmhwnl, {eh pnlxh jenomz jnm gh bwcxqhk om{c `cxw {yqhz {en{ rhwh`cxmk om {eh vcmhz z{xkohk %`wcd Mcnbcnm {c Kenin, Eholcmbfonmb {c Ghofomb,nmk Zenefnenmqxw {c Khleo/6

%>/ [eh dcz{ {wnko{ocmnl wojh pnlxh jenom rnz bhcbwnqeojnlly zecw{ nmkom{hwdhkon{ocmnlly zecw{: nmk rnz {eh lcjnl zxqqly jenom c` qnkkybwcrm gy {eh `nwdhw, khexzihk om n lcjnl pollnbh doll, nmk jcmzxdhkgy {eh `nwd ecxzheclk cw zclk {c {eh lcjnl pollnbh dnwih{ `cw lcjnljcmzxdq{ocm-

%7/ [eh wxwnlxwgnm {wnko{ocmnl wojh pnlxh jenom rnz bhcbwnqeojnlly lcmbnmk om{hwdhkon{ocmnlly lcmb nmk `hn{xwhk znlh c` qnkky {c lcjnlgwcihwz %pollnbh {wnkhwz/ rec {ehm zclk o{ nz qnkky cw enk o{ dollhk ompollnbh dollz nmk {ehm zclk o{ {c wxwnl reclhznlh dnwih{z, rehwh om {xwm

: [eh {hwd bhcbwnqeojnlly zecw{ %cw lcmb/ wh`hwz {c {eh whln{oph koz{nmjh gh{rhhm {eh `nwdnmk {eh wh{nolhw, nmk om{hwdhkon{ocmnlly zecw{ %cw lcmb/ wh`hwz {c {eh mxdghw c` nj{cwz cwz{hqz {eh wojh bchz {ewcxbe `wcd {eh `nwdhw {c {eh jcmzxdhw-


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Zhj{cw Cphwpohr, Z{xky Nwhnz, nmk Zndqlomb @wndhrcwi 78

bcphwmdhm{ qxwjenzhk 2-8 dollocm {cmz %;( c` mn{ocmnl cx{qx{/ c` wojh cw qxglojz{cjiqolomb `cw qwojh z{ngolovn{ocm9 {ehzh z{cjiz rhwh {ehm zclk {c qwopn{h {wnkhwz-[eh bcphwmdhm{ zh{ nm omkojn{oph `lccw qwojh gx{ kok mc{ enph z{woj{ hm`cwjhdhm{dhjenmozdz om qlnjh zc {en{ qwojhz {hmkhk {c `lxj{xn{h nwcxmk {eh `lccw qwojh-

Om Omkon, {eh bcphwmdhm{ rnz dxje dcwh ompclphk kowhj{ly om {eh wojh dnwih{{enm om {eh c{ehw {rc hjcmcdohz, nmk, jcm{wnwy {c {eh {whmk hlzhrehwh omNzon, {en{ ompclphdhm{ rnz wozomb %Wnzeok, Jxddombz, nmk Bxln{o 7112/- [ehBcphwmdhm{ c` Omkon gcxbe{ >8-5( c` wojh cx{qx{ om J_>??0#?2, 78->( omJ_7111#1>, nmk 7?-8( om J_7112#15- [eh bcphwmdhm{ xmkhw{cci {ehzhqxwjenzhz gy dnmkn{omb {en{ dollz om jhw{nom z{n{hz %zxje nz om {eh z{xky z{n{h,X{{nw Qwnkhze/ zhll qnw{ c` {ehow wojh {c {eh jhm{wnl bcphwmdhm{- [eh bcphwmdhm{{ehm zclk {eoz wojh {c jcmzxdhwz, dcz{ly pon {eh Qxgloj Koz{wogx{ocm Zyz{hd omwxwnl nmk xwgnm nwhnz- Dcwhcphw, {eh bcphwmdhm{ khjlnwhk domodxd zxqqcw{qwojhz, gx{, nz om {eh QWJ, {eh bcphwmdhm{ kok mc{ enph n dhjenmozd {c z{woj{lyhm`cwjh {eh qwojhz zc kh nj{c {ehy rhwh dhwhly omkojn{oph, nmk {ehwh oz hpokhmjh{en{ {wnkhwz `wh~xhm{ly kok mc{ nkehwh {c {eh wh~xowhk qwojhz-

Nll {ewhh hjcmcdohz bcphwmdhm{z enk, ecrhphw, n zxgz{nm{onl wclh om {eh wojhdnwih{- [en{ wclh jcmzoz{hk c` zhllomb zxgzokovhk zhhk nmk `hw{olovhw {c `nwdhwz9qwcpokomb zcdh zxgzokovhk jwhko{9 qwcpokomb qxgloj hu{hmzocm zhwpojhz9 nmk, om {ehQWJ, bopomb kowhj{ zxgzokohz {c `nwdhwz- [eh huqhmko{xwhz `cw {ehzh o{hdz rhwhzobmo`ojnm{ qnw{z c` bcphwmdhm{ gxkbh{z `cw nbwojxl{xwh- Ecrhphw, {eh zxwphy`cxmk om nll vcmhz {en{ {eh zenwh c` zxgzokovhk omqx{z gcxbe{ `wcd bcphwmdhm{z{cwhz rnz om bhmhwnl n domcw zenwh c` `nwdhwz {c{nl omqx{ qxwjenzhz-

Qc{n{chz o Gnblnkhz, {h Qhcqlhz Whqxglojc Jon, nk Okon

[eoz zhj{ocm qwhzhm{z {eh jcm{hu{ c` bhmhwnl {whmkz om qc{n{c {wnkh, jcmzxdq{ocm,nmk qwckxj{ocm om {eh hjcmcdohz z{xkohk-

Qc{n{c Odqcw{z nk Huqcw{z

Om nll {ewhh hjcmcdohz, phwy lo{{lh qc{n{c rnz odqcw{hk cw huqcw{hk- Gnmblnkhze

huqcw{hk ngcx{ 1-7( c` o{z qc{n{c qwckxj{ocm, nmk o{ odqcw{hk mcmh9 {eh QWJodqcw{hk 7( c` o{z jcmzxdq{ocm, nmk huqcw{hk >( c` o{z cx{qx{ %Zjc{{ nmkZxnwhv 71>7/- Omkon odqcw{hk lhzz {enm >( c` o{z qc{n{c jcmzxdq{ocm nmkhuqcw{hk lhzz {enm >( c` o{z kcdhz{oj cx{qx{- @cw zodqlojo{y, {eh nmnlyzoz om {ehz{xky `cjxzhk cm {eh kcdhz{oj dnwih{-


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Qc{n{c Jczxdq{oc nk Qwckxj{oc

Qc{n{chz nwh nm odqcw{nm{ gnzoj `cck, nmk {eh lhnkomb mcmbwnom `cck omGnmblnkhze, {eh QWJ, nmk Omkon- [eh QWJ jcmzxdhk :7 ib c` qc{n{chz qhwjnqo{n qhw yhnw9 Gnmblnkhze, 7: ib9 nmk Omkon, >8 ib- Qc{n{chz n{{nomhk {ehowlhnkomb wnmi ndcmb phbh{nglhz cmly whjhm{ly om Zcx{e Nzon, hzqhjonlly om {ehlnz{ zhphwnl khjnkhz nz omjcdhz enk ghhm wozomb zxgz{nm{onlly- Qc{n{chz rhwhjcmzxdhk dnomly nz n phbh{nglh njjcdqnmyomb n wojh cw rehn{ gnzh, nmk rhwhbhmhwnlly jcmzokhwhk n lxuxwy z{nqlh %Gcxoz nmk Zjc{{ >??0/, ro{e `nowly eobeomjcdh hlnz{ojo{ohz om Zcx{e Nzon nmk dckhwn{h gx{ qczo{oph omjcdh hlnz{ojo{yom {eh QWJ- [exz, qc{n{chz rhwh n mcwdnl bcck om nll {ewhh hjcmcdohz %mc{nm om`hwocw bcck reczh khdnmk khjlomhz ro{e omjcdh, nz cjjxwz ro{e {ehqc{n{c om {eh Xmo{hk Z{n{hz nmk Rhz{hwm Hxwcqh/- Dcwhcphw, {eh wn{oc c` {ehqc{n{c {c wojh jnlcwoh qwojh om 71>1 rnz nm hz{odn{hk ;-1#>-1 om Gnmblnkhze,:-7#>-1 om {eh QWJ, nmk 2-1#>-1 om Omkon- [exz, o{ rnz {exz dxje dcwh huqhmzoph`cw jcmzxdhwz {c cg{nom {ehow hmhwby mhhkz `wcd qc{n{chz {enm `wcd wojh9omz{hnk qc{n{chz zhwphk nz n zcxwjh c` koh{ kophwzo{y, po{ndomz, nmk {nz{h pnwoh{y-

Om Gnmblnkhze, qc{n{chz rhwh nlzc gy `nw {eh lhnkomb phbh{nglh nmk n dnom`cck qwckxj{- Reolh {eh jcxm{wy qwckxjhk ;?-1 dollocm {cmz c` wojh om 71>1,

qc{n{chz wnmihk zhjcmk %ndcmb nmy jwcqz/, ro{e 2-? dollocm {cmz9 c{ehw `whzenmk#cw lhn`y phbh{nglhz {cbh{ehw rhwh n koz{nm{ {eowk, n{ >-; dollocm {cmz- [eoznzjhmknmjh c` qc{n{c rnz dxje dcwh ngwxq{ nmk whjhm{ {enm om {eh QWJ%kozjxzzhk ghlcr/6 qc{n{c cx{qx{ rnz cmly 1-: dollocm {cmz om Gnmblnkhzeom >?0>9 o{ hkbhk xq {c 1-?, >->, nmk 7-? dollocm {cmz om >?51, >??1, nmk7111, whzqhj{ophly, nmk {ehm ngwxq{ly zxwbhk {c 2-? dollocm om 71>1n 70$`clkomjwhnzh om {c{nl %nmk n >1$`clk qhw jnqo{n omjwhnzh/ om 8 khjnkhz- [exz, dxjec` {eh bwcr{e rnz cmly om {eh lnz{ khjnkh-

Om Gnmblnkhze, dcwhcphw, qc{n{chz enk nm hlnz{ojo{y c` khdnmk ro{e whzqhj{ {comjcdh, wnmbomb wcd 1-52 ndcmb {eh rhnl{eohz{ xwgnm ~xnw{olh {c >->2 ndcmb{eh qccwhz{ xwgnm ~xnw{olh, nmk >-17 ndcmb {eh rhnl{eohz{ wxwnl ~xnw{olh {c >-02ndcmb {eh qccwhz{ wxwnl ~xnw{olh %Gcxoz nmk Zjc{{ >??0/, gnzhk cm >?2:#2; kn{n%mc{ xqkn{hk zomjh/- [ehzh eobe omjcdh hlnz{ojo{ohz %nmk eobe jnlcwoh qwojhz whln{oph{c wojh/ lhk Gcxoz nmk Zjc{{ {c jnll qc{n{chz n lxuxwy z{nqlh om Gnmblnkhze-Nedhk nmk Zendz %>??;/ xzhk wxwnl zxwphy kn{n `wcd >??>#?7 nmk `cxmk n{c{nl$huqhmko{xwh hlnz{ojo{y `cw qc{n{c c` >->8, nlzc phwy hlnz{oj %jcdqnwhk ro{e1-05 `cw wojh/- [ehzh `obxwhz nbnom, nz om {eh QWJ, zxbbhz{ {en{ ro{e bwcromb

omjcdhz, qc{n{c jcmzxdq{ocm roll jcm{omxh {c omjwhnzh-

Om {eh QWJ, {eh rcwlkz lhnkomb qwckxjhw c` qc{n{chz zomjh >??: %Rnmb nmkVenmb 71>1/, qc{n{chz rhwh gy `nw {eh lhnkomb phbh{nglh, nmk n dnom `cck


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Ecxzheclk Omjcdh nmk Huqhmko{xwh Zxwphyz ollxz{wn{h ecr qhw jnqo{n qc{n{cjcmzxdq{ocm rnz jenmbomb cphw {odh- Kxwomb >?2:#2;711;#18, {eh nmmxnlqhw jnqo{n jcmzxdq{ocm omjwhnzhk zou`clk om wxwnl nwhnz, `wcd :-; ib {c 77-?ib, nmk `cxw`clk om xwgnm nwhnz, `wcd 0-8 ib {c 7;-5 ib- Nqnw{ `wcd xzh nzzhhk, nldcz{ nll %?8( c`/ qc{n{chz rhwh jcmzxdhk `whze, nmk {eh whdnomomb8( rhwh qwcjhzzhk %nz jeoqz, `whmje `wohz, h{j-/- Qc{n{c jcmzxdq{ocm rnzxgo~xo{cxz om Omkon?7( c` qhcqlh n{h qc{n{chz- Kxwomb >?52#55711;#18,qhw jnqo{n jcmzxdq{ocm wczh gy 2(, wcd >; ib {c >8 ib %Bcphwmdhm{ c` Omkon>?55, 7118/-

Qc{n{c _ohlkz nk Qwckxj{oc Bhcbwnqy

@owz{, yohlkz zecrhk phwy z{wcmb bwcr{e om nll {ewhh vcmhz z{xkohk, gx{ {ehpclxdhz pnwohk bwhn{ly- Qc{n{c oz n zhnzcmnl jwcq, ro{e cmh bwcromb zhnzcmom nll {ewhh vcmhz- Njjcwkomb {c @NCZ[N[,8 Gnmblnkhzez nphwnbh yohlkz rhwh>1 {#en n{ {eh hmk c` {eh >?51z nmk >8 {#en gy {eh hmk c` {eh 7111z- Kxwomb>?57711?, {eh QWJz yohlkz omjwhnzhk z{hnkoly, `wcd >1 {#en {c >8 {#en- OmOmkon, qc{n{c yohlkz rhwh >0 {#en om >?5? nmk >? {#en om 711? %JQWO Qc{n{cZ{n{oz{ojz cmlomh/-

Zhjcmk, qc{n{c qwckxj{ocm pnwohk zobmo`ojnm{ly bhcbwnqeojnlly njwczz {eh {ewhhhjcmcdohz- Om Gnmblnkhze, qc{n{c qwckxj{ocm rnz koz{wogx{hk rokhly, gx{ rnzjcmjhm{wn{hk om {eh mcw{erhz{ %omjlxkomb {eh nwhn z{xkohk/ nmk {eh jhm{hwhnz{ nwcxmk Kenin nmk om Jcdolln %Rcwlk @cck Qwcbwnddh m-k-/- Om {eh QWJ,qc{n{chz rhwh qwodnwoly bwcrm om {eh jccl dcxm{nomz nmk eobe nl{o{xkh nwhnzom Bnmzx %{eh z{xky qwcpomjh/, Bxovecx, Eholcmbfonmb, Ommhw Dcmbclon, Folom,Zenmuo, Zojexnm, nmk _xmmnm- Om Omkon, 52( c` qc{n{chz rhwh bwcrm om {ehmcw{ehwm Omkc$Bnmbh{oj Qlnom9 {rc z{n{hz om {eh Qlnom njjcxm{hk `cw {eh locmzzenwh c` Omkonz qc{n{chz, :8( wcd fxz{ X{{nw Qwnkhze %{eh z{xky z{n{h/, n exbhz{n{h ro{e wcxbely >51 dollocm qhcqlh, nmk 7;( `wcd Rhz{ Ghmbnl-

Qc{n{c Pnlxh Jnoz nk Dnwih{z

@owz{, om bhmhwnl, `cxw {yqhz c` qc{n{c pnlxh jenomz rhwh hpokhm{ om {eh z{xkohknwhnz %`wcd Gcbwn {c Kenin, Bnmzx {c Ghofomb, nmk Nbwn {c Khleo/6

8 [eh `cllcromb @NCZ[N[ yohlk kn{n nwh `cw n zomblh zhnzcm-


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Zhj{cw Cphwpohr, Z{xky Nwhnz, nmk Zndqlomb @wndhrcwi 7?

%>/ [eh dcz{ {wnko{ocmnl qc{n{c pnlxh jenom, reoje rnz bhcbwnqeojnllyzecw{ nmk om{hwdhkon{ocmnlly zecw{, rnz {eh lcjnl zxqqly jenom c`qc{n{c `wcd {eh `nwdhw {en{ rnz zclk `whze n{ enwphz{ cw, ro{eom n`hr dcm{ez nmk n`{hw {wnko{ocmnl cm$`nwd z{cwnbh, {c {eh lcjnl pollnbhdnwih{ `cw lcjnl jcmzxdq{ocm-

%7/ [eh wxwnlxwgnm {wnko{ocmnl qc{n{c pnlxh jenom, reoje rnzbhcbwnqeojnlly lcmb nmk om{hwdhkon{ocmnlly lcmb, omjlxkhk zhllombqc{n{chz whze n{ enwphz{ cw, n`{hw n `hr dcm{ez c` {wnko{ocmnl cm$`nwdz{cwnbh, {c lcjnl gwcihwz %pollnbh {wnkhwz/ rec {ehm zclk {eh qc{n{chz{c wxwnl reclhznlh dnwih{z rehwh reclhznlhwz `wcd jo{ohz gcxbe{ {ehqc{n{chz, {ehm whzclk {ehd {c zhdo$reclhznlhwz %rec om {xwm zclk {cwh{nolhwz/ nmk#cw {wnko{ocmnl wh{nolhwz-

%:/ [eh om{hwdhkon{h %cw {wnmzo{ocmnl/ qc{n{c pnlxh jenom, reoje rnzbhcbwnqeojnlly lcmb, `hn{xwhk {eh qc{n{c `nwdhw zhllomb gc{e `whzen{ enwphz{ nmk n`{hw z{cwnbh om dckhwm jclk z{cwnbh `njolo{ohz %JZ@z/kowhj{ly {c jo{y reclhznlh dnwih{ {wnkhwz-

%;/ [eh dckhwm qc{n{c pnlxh jenom, reoje rnz bhcbwnqeojnlly lcmb nmkom{hwdhkon{ocmnlly zecw{, `hn{xwhk {eh qc{n{c `nwdhw zhllomb gc{e`whze n{ enwphz{ nmk n`{hw dckhwm jclk z{cwnbh kowhj{ly {c qwcjhzzomb`owdz cw zxqhwdnwih{z-

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