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The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
1
A SUB-MILLIMETRE SATELLITEFOR
ASTRONOMY & AERONOMY
ODIN
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
2
THE ODIN ASTRONOMY TEAMBergman, Per Bergvall, Nils Bernath, PeterBlack, John Booth, Roy Buat, VéroniqueCrovisier, Jaques Curry, Charles Encrenaz, PierreFalgarone, Edith Fich, Michel Feldman, PaulFrisk, Urban Gahm, Gösta Gerin, MaryvonneGregersen, Erik Harju, Jorma Hasegawa, TatsuhikoHeikkilä, Arto Hjalmarson, Åke Horellou, CathyJohansson, Lars-EB Kwok, Sun Lagerqvist, Claes-IngvarLarsson, Bengt Lecacheux, Alain Liljeström, TarjaLiseau, René Lorne, Avery Mattila, KaleviMitchell, George Nordh, Lennart Nyman, Lars-ÅkeOlberg, Michael Olofsson, Göran Olofsson, HansRickman, Hans Ristorcelli, Isabelle Rydbeck, GustafSandqvist, Aage Serra, Guy (†15 August 2000) Tothill, NickVolk, Kevin Wiklind, Tommy Wilson, ChristineWinnberg, Anders
http://www.ssc.se/ssd/ssat/odin.html
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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THE ODIN SPACECRAFT
Launch: 2001 on Start-1 (Svobodny, Russia) Orbit: circular synchronous (620 km, ascending node @ 18:00) Lifetime: 2 yr (minimum)
Platform: 3-axis stabilised w. reaction wheels, star trackers & gyros Mass: 250 kg ( Bus: 170 kg, Payload: 80 kg) Height: 2.0 m, Width: 1.1 m stored/ 3.8 m operational Power: 340 W (deployable, fixed arrays) Cooling: 120 K (closed cycle Stirling)Datalink: > 720 kbit/s (Esrange, Sweden) Storage: > 100 Mbyte (solid state memory)
Telescope: 1.1 m offset Gregorian Material: CFRP skins on honeycomb Surface: 8 m primary, 5 m secondary (rms) Pointing: 15 arcsec (staring), (1.2 arcmin scanning, aeronomy)
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS
Front-Ends Schottky diodes (120 K, Stirling cooled) 480 - 580 GHz: 4 tunable receivers (17 GHz)
System Noise Temperature: 2300 K (SSB) 119 GHz: 1 fixed receiver (InP HEMT)
System Noise Temperature: 500 K (SSB)
Back-Ends 2 digital hybrid autocorrelators (HAC) 1 acousto-optical spectrometer (AOS) (3 filters - 40 MHz: aeronomy)
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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ODIN SENSITIVITY
tint = 15 min for S/N = 5 (incl. chopping)
submm 1 K, 1 MHz mm 0.5 K, 150 kHz
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS
C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz
A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz
B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz
B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz
Spectrometer: Bandwidth - ResolutionAOS : 1000 MHz - 1 MHzCorrelators : 4 x 200 MHz - 1 MHz 4 x 100 MHz - 500 kHz 2 x 100 MHz - 250 kHz 1 x 100 MHz - 125 kHz (0.07 km s-1 @ 557 GHz)
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS
C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz
A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz
B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz
B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz
O2
H2O 557NH3O2
[C I] ( 3P1- 3P0 ) 492CO (5-4) 576
572487
119
C18O (5-4) 54913CO (5-4) 551
H218O 548
H217O 552
CS 490 HDO 490 HD18O 493, 502
[13C I] ( 3P1- 3P0 ) 492(F = 1/2-1/2, 3/2-1/2)
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
8
ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS
C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz
A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz
B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz
B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz
O2
H2O 557NH3O2
[C I] ( 3P1- 3P0 ) 492CO (5-4) 576
572487
119
C18O (5-4) 54913CO (5-4) 551
H218O 548
H217O 552
SWAS
[13C I] ( 3P1- 3P0 ) 492(F = 1/2-1/2, 3/2-1/2)
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS
A2: 486.1 - 503.9 GHz A1: 541.0 - 558.0 GHz
B2: 547.0 - 564.0 GHz
B1: 568.0 - 580.4 GHz
H2O 557NH3O2
572487
FIRST - HIFI BAND 1480 GHz___________________________________640 GHz
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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LOW-LYING LEVELS OF O2 & NH3
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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O2 LINE STRENGTHS
if 119 & 487 GHz optically thin, thermalised & EXTENDED:
F1 = 1 1 = 1 1 A1 n1 =
2 A1 g1 e12/kT
F2 2 2 A2 n2 1 A2 g2
F118.8 1.3 e20.7 K/T
F487.3
then119 GHz 10 times stronger @ 10 K
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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NH3 ENERGY LEVELS
Transition E/k A (J,K) - (J,K) (K) (GHz) (m) (s-1)
(1,0) - (0,0) 29 572 524 1.6 10-3
(1,1) 24 24 1.3 104 1.7 10-7
(2,2) 65 24 1.3 104 2.3 10-7
(2,0) - (1,0) 87 1215 247 1.2 10-2
(2,1)s - (1,1)a 82 1215 247 1.4 10-2
(2,1)a - (1,1)s 80 1168 257 1.2 10-2
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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NH3 (J=1-0, K=0) 572 GHz LINE2-level approximation:
TR
= hc3 X(o-NH
3) N(H
2) n(H
2)
lu X
kV
X ncrit e/n(H2) ncrit e/n(H2) + glu/gul + 1
easily detectable: n(H2) = 104 cm-3 , AV = 10m
TR = 0.5 K for T = 20 K , X(NH3) = 10-7
V = 1 km s-1
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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+ HIGH-LYING LEVELS OF H2O & HDO
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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TELESCOPE BEAMS
SWAS553 GHz3.’3 x 4.’5
FIRST557 GHz
39’’
ODIN540 GHz
2.’2
ISO1670 GHz
80’’
FIRST1670 GHz
13’’
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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ODIN SCIENCE
Topic Topic Prio 1 Prio 1
ISM & Star Formation 65.5%• Galaxies & Cosmology 16.5%• Solar System 6.5%• Spectral Scans 6.0%• Post-MS Evolution 5.5%
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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ODIN SCIENCE
Giant Molecular Clouds & Hot Cores Dark Clouds & Cold Cores Flows, Shocks & Cloud Edges/PDRs Exotic Chemistry & High Latitude Clouds Galactic Centre & Galactic Plane
ISM / STAR FORMATION: SURVEYS of
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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ODIN SCIENCE
LARGE SCALE STAR FORMATION ...
… and on the SMALL SCALE
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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PROTOSTAR INFALL MODELS: B335H2O (110-101) 557 GHz (ortho-to-para = 3)
SWAS 3 limitlog X(H2O) = -7(ApJ Lett 539)
ODIN limitlog X(H2O) = -8
Expectedlog X(H2O) = -5
Expectedlog X(H2O) = -6 Hartstein & Liseau (1998) AA 332, 703
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
20
PROTOSTAR INFALL MODELS: B335FIRST & H2O (ortho-to-para = 3)
para
ortho 557 1670 GHz538.3 179.5 m
1113 988 GHz269.3 303.5 m
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
LAUNCH: 15 FEBRUARY 2001
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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O2 LINE STRENGTHS
if 119 & 487 GHz optically thin, thermalised & POINTLIKE:
F1 = 1 1 fbeam 1 [fbeam -> 0 ] (1 / )3 A1 g1 e
12/kT F2 2 fbeam 2 A2 g2
F118.8 0.005 e20.7 K/T
F487.3
then119 GHz 30 times weaker @ 10 K
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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ODIN OBSERVING PLANTopic tot No of Obs No of Priority 1
(obs / sources)Star Formation 735 48 / 24GMCs 396 42 / 16Shocks/Outflows 232 15 / 5Orion 152 24 / 1Dark Clouds 90 18 / 10Cloud Edges/PDRs 88 13 / 4High Latitude Clouds 40 12 / 4Galactic Plane 817 27 / 9Galactic Centre 105 16 / 9Magellanic Clouds 91 12 / 5Galaxies 40 5 / 5Primordial Molecules serendipity modeEvolved Stars 64 12 / 7Spectral Scans 4 0 / 3Solar System target of opportunity modeExotic Chemistry 34 11 / 9Absorption Studies 31 / 27Calibration Sources na na / 11
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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THE ODIN RADIOMETER
The Promise of FIRST Toledo 12 - 15 December 2000, page:
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ODIN RECEIVERS & SPECTROMETERS
C: 118.24 - 119. 25 GHz
O3 (111 - 000 ) 118.36C3HD (221 - 110 ) 118.64HO2 (212 - 111 , 23/2 - 11/2) 119.15NH2CN (616 - 515 , 0 - 0) 119.17CH3CHO C2H5OHC3NHCCCN… etc