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The Present Perfect tense
How and when to use it
Present Perfect
• Verb Tense we use to describe:
1) Experiences in the past
2) Completed events
3) Actions that began in the past and continue now, with consequences in the present time
Main Uses of the Present Perfect
• Use 1
• Something that started in the past and still true now
Example: Spain has been a member of the EU since 1986
Main uses of the Present Perfect
• Use 2
• Indefinite past action
(the time is unspecified or unknown)
Example: I have seen that person somewhere
?
Main uses of the Present Perfect• Use 3
• Repeated action in the past
Example:
I have been to England lots of times
• Use 4
• An action that began in the past and has recently finished (we can add “just”)
• Example:
My sister has just arrived from holidays, she told me the flight was very nice
Main uses of the Present Perfect
How to form the Present Perfect
Subject + have / has + past participleI spokenYou begunHe shown She comeIt goneWe cutThey becomePeople swumEveryone won…..
Past Participles
What is a past participle?
• For regular past tense verbs, the –ed form: liked, walked, worked, talked
• For irregular past verbs, memorize:
been, seen, had, eaten, shown, written
Do you know the past participles?
• Click Here to Find Out.
• Click!
• Or here!
• Or here, too.
Key words for present perfect
• Already = (adv.) before now
I have already finished my homework.
• Not yet = (adv.) not before now
Scientists have not discovered a cure yet
Key words for present perfect
• Never = (adv.) not at any time
in the past, including now
I have never seen
such a beautiful sunset!
• Ever = (adv.) at any time, including the present
** Used only in questions
Have you ever ridden a horse?
Reminder about Adverb Placement
• With two verbs (auxiliary and main verb), place the adverb between them
I have never eaten raw fish.
Key words for present perfect
• Before = at some time in the past behind the present time
I have been to Las Vegas before.
• Several times, many times, a few times, a couple of times, a lot of times = for indefinite or repeated past actions
Key words for present perfect• Since and for
• Since + specific point in the past when the action started
I have lived here since 1987 ( /sIns/ )
• For + duration, length of time
• I have lived here for 34 years
Practice: since or for?
_______ January
_______ 10 years
_______ Monday
_______ 12 noon
_______ I got up
_______ 5 minutes
_______ a long time ago
_______ four days
_______ 6:00
_______ Wednesday
_______ a month
_______ two days ago
_______ November 1
_______ 2004
_______ an hour
_______ I was young
Need more practice with since and for?
• Click Here!
• Or here!
Online Practice
• Simple Practice
• Forming Questions in Present Perfect
• Change to Present Perfect
• More Practice
• Still More Practice
Any Questions about Present Perfect?