The Poona giiide anddirectory

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University of Toronto

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ADVERri.-..EMENT

EDULJSi dc GOine, Spirit, General Provision

Mercliants, and Tobacconisi;

,

AEMY OOHTBa^oIORSDirect importers j>f Fresh Provisions from wellknown English,

Continental, and American Mamifacturers by every Mail,Many Varieties of Dessert articles. All kinds of

Crystallized Fruits, F..aies, Chocolates, Sweets, &c. &c.

Ham, Bacon & Cheese of the bestmakers awavB ready.

FOREIGN WINES & SPIRITS ARE SOLDAT VERY Moderate prices

GOOD ATTENTION PRICES VERY MODEEATE

DS , —^8(j? NO 1 EAST STREETP(s?P^ POONA

iDVii.};Tl^EME^TS.

Comfortable and reliable Motor cars

on ii ire for Msliiibleshvar^ Furanihar,

Sirur or for focal run about.

Atvefjf moderate terms-Motor Cars and Cycles repaired.

High Crcde Cycl^ and Accessories

Dunlop Motor car tyres in all sizesstocked immediate delivery

Vacuam Motor Car Oils and Grease

Tyres and Tubes Vulcanised

mOTOR HOBO'S, LBinPb mi^, PLUQS,etc ,etc.

Agents fob -.-SHELL TETROL, DnulopMotor Tyres,

Vacuum Motor Oils and Grease etc,etc.

SHTA & Co.,Cyclists And Motorists Providers

Esst Street, Poooa.

ESTABLISHED 1897.

aKnsaa&i.ii>:

ADVERTISEMENT

49 mmBt Street^ Foona

(BSTD. 1911)

PnntetE, Stationers an ^

Typewiiter Meicha ts,

Die—stamping, Copper Plates, BooIj binding, Ruling, Rubber,stamps. Facsimiie Typewriting Printing, Office requisites, etc. etc.

Typewi'^tirg Woik done Ci^refuUy, ""nenfly, and cjnfidentially.

Tj'pewr.t ng SoLool, T;" ^''''writers sold, bought, excbp.nged, re-

paiiedj t,ud g»\eu on hue.

PRINTING— of all nature undertaken and done very atmoderate cost.

CA^IDS—Wedding, Dance, I^ogramraea, Menu etc, a speciality.

^LiNUFACTURERS OF A-o. books, ledgers, ex-books, ready-iiusde receipt books, oidei books, delivery books, bill-bookci>

writing pads, carbon-copy books etc. etc.

. A PIRADKAB & 0&,

ADVERTISEMENT

MATHEE &Cm^i ONLY eue-ofsa:^?

CHEMISTS AND DRUGGISTSWine, Spirit & Genera* i^roYision

Merchants •

IN IPOON A

liAVE A VERY FINE AND VARIED STOCK OF

THE PDHG3T EHGLISH QHOBS It OHSJUiJilLS

TOILET AND SICK ROOM NECESSITIES:

Patent Mediciiies* Perfe^iiesETC. ETC.

Prescriptions Dispensed at any Hour of tiie Day or Night'

WE HAVEEnglish, pFench, RastpaliaD and Rmencsu^i

STORES, * PROVISIONS ii¥ THE FL\^EST QUALITY

WEGUARANTeE EVERYTHING WE SELLOUR

IN tS, SPIRIT and TOBACCO DEPARTMENTAll replete with THE BEST GOODS at the

LOWEST MARKET PRICES.

Note the Address :-Ml|Ti£l iOppdsSte th9 CLU3 OF WeSTERN INDIA,

POONA

ADVEETISEMENT.

s. WYSE & eo.,Bakers and Confectioners^

PURVEYORS TOW. E. The Governor of Bombay.

HAVE the honor to inform the gentry and public of Poona,Kirkee and outstations, that they are prepared to supply

Bread, Dinner Rolls, Twists, Muffins, Biscuits, Cakes and everydescription of Pastry at short notice and at very moderaterates. The bread is approved of by the highest medical autho-rities and other high dignitaries, as borne out by cert ficatestheir possession.

The bread is announced to be highly nutri1>ious. digestible,light and absolutely free from adulteration.

They shall be happy to give quotations.Special rate* for large orders.

BAKERS TO MESSES, CLUBS & HOTELS

S. WYSE & Oo,MAIN STREET. POONA

THE PaOMA HOTELESTABLISHED 24TH MAY 7873

la ftusT Clas3 Upper storihd, Comfortable and thb most Centrai. Hotbi.inPoona.— The Gymkhana cm b, St. Paul's Chiircli, the Telegraph 0£Eice, POSice, the Fmanoa and Military OSices are its next neighboOrs, the Railway ortho one side, and the Clflb of Western ladia on the other side are within fiveminatea walk, the Polo GroOnd, the Race Coflrse, the Boat Club and the BundGardens are close at hand.

Thb most plba3AOT1,t situated Hotel in Poona. - It has the finest ex-posure iineqttalled by any other house in the station - facing the west and thtiareceiving Very cool breeze, while excluding the sun 's says from the east, its ex-tensile premises and the absence of surrounding houses render it perfectly openand allow free oircfllation of pure air,

Thi most commodious Hotbl iNPooNA.—Thenewrowof Chambers tipper-stoned with enclosed verandahs, are the tBost comajodious and the bestventilated apartmeats in the station.

Ladies, Gen*leM ea and faoailes Will find in the POONA HOfEL -Ev«rvcomfort and «i!ten

/f=*g^s=^**==^S« «aS*= =*^S= =:^= ^''Ssx:

WHERE TO BUY THE FAMOUS

*"LOOP-LOCK,"AND the"ENTIRSNT,"

TENNiS RACKETS

>l

»|he I^VENTORS and tlie PATENTEES of the aboverackets have, for the convenience of the sporting

public, opened this year a distributing depot and f?how

room at

78 SRaiii Stfeet^ Pciona.ghis is the ONLY HOUSE in Bombay Presidency^ where they can get complete satisfaction in theii

purchase of—TENNIS, CRICKET, HOCKEY, FOOTBALL,BADMINTOT^, GOLF, GYMNASTIC GOODS and aU otheroutdoor and indoor games. See your gear is stamped

^Z40^^ LIMITED, THE HALL MARK of Quality andValue and refuse all substitutions.

Remember

FACTORIES AT SlALKOT.I

Each department under

11 the direct supervision of

(^PRACTICAL LONDON EXPERT Sl

THE LARGEST PRODUCERS(j

OF ATHLETIC GOODS U

IN THE EAST Ra)

i ^^

'?'.'•'I

ii y .i'-^

111

FOR

1^^^^

y

'r>i

We ars n mmmrBIN POONA

ill tlie above lines and onrprices are very reasoneMe.

0:

POOIA mm STORESMAIN STR6 E T. POOMA

AXD NEAR R. F- A- rs/5£SS, KfRKEE

""TOIEFI

BY APPOINTMElTf TO H. T. GOVEBXOE OF BOMBAY,

GENEi>AL MERCKAICTS, ARMT CONTfiACTOSS. AUCTIONEERS,CO^TRACTOBS. CABINET MAKERS, FUB»ITUBB

DIALERS, HOUSE AGSNTS SvaEAST 8TBESX. FOOyA.

10.

11.

12.

J3.

Hire.

FCR SALEftumiture, manufactured and stecked fo? 3ft!e a»c

furnished at sliori;3acIieIors' ind Married Quarter!^lotice at veryj luodeyate terms.Furnishing and decorations >?xecuted at special rates for Bali^ooms, Marijiages, Eut

AT:)rTr.T.zirTETr

2407 East Street Poona,

ESTABLISHED 5C YEARS

wines, Ht^irlts iPre?f»ioii. A iiieueml nercimnt

liei^imeoliu Mess Agent and Contractof

Mft&ufacturer of High Class Sparkling Miners! Waterfl, Md

delicious Aerated Beverages, made with water filtwed

through Pasteur Filter

BEST ENGLISH HAMSENCaLlSH 3^COK BNh CMES3E OH CUT

All popular classes cf Champagne, Liqueurs, Whiskie*.

Brandies, Cordials and Bitters, invalid's Port

sherries and Madeira of weil-known Brands.

s

aDVEHTTSF?!!^^

THE OLDEF^T HOUSE IN TOO'^A FOR HIGH

CLASS SMOKIKG BEQUISITES.

DiSHAW.Cigar Meixbant ^ General Tobacconist

Next to China Bazaar,

i\lo. 1 ml Street, Camp,

iLL SORTS OF HIGH CLASS 01GARB. CHKROOTS,

CIGAEETTES, TOBACCOS and SMOKER'S

REQUISITES Etc. Etc.

REQUISITES ETC. KTG.

Prices very moderate

A THrAL WILL mi imiM SATISFACTION

l>i$torp ^ Description of pooua*

For a long series of years now THE POONA GUIDE AXD DIRECTORYhas made its appearaiice,with the advent of Poona Season, and sliifting of theGovernment here for he period of the S. W. monsoon. JPooua has of lateseen many changes, aud possibly will see more rap'd ones in die near fu ure.Poona has been a centre of education for \ cry long s.: d, lacilities have eren in-creased of late, sxudeuts coming here fro mall parts of India.

Poona may be divided into three distinct parts, the old part is the City,full of records of Inditvs past, the Cantonment which has grown up since themilitary occupation ard Poona became in variovts ways the Head Quarters ofthe Military, and the SttbUrljan Municipality, which embraces the outsidepoitions of Poona, wbere increased housing accommodatioi\ is now beingstipplied.

The Suburban Miiuioipaiity has become more poptilotis o^'ing 'o fi-eshMansions on the Biiiid Garden Road, and to the rapid development of theEstate on the Koregaon Road where a series of handsome biingalows haveBpriing iip.

Government have also btiilt and are building a series of Bungalows,mostly intended for gazetted officers at Yeravda. At Bambiu'da where aStation of the G. I. P. R. for Passengers will shortly be open, a number ofmoderate-sized bungalows are being provided, largely tor subordinate ofiicialsand commercial men.

Poona or Punyapur, the Cleanser, owing to its being near the sacredjttnotion of the Mutha and Mula rivers, was once a small ancient Hindusettlement, witlj religious associations. The early history of Poona is cneck-ered by pillage and famine and War, in which the Mahoi Un Kingdom ofBijapivr played a part. Shahaji, the father of the great 'vaji, was con-firmed m the possession of Poona by a King of Bijapur and oceeded to makethe surroundings habitable through his Governor of Poona, Dadaji Koj . idev.the tutor of Shivaji. The Latter Was bom in 1617, and educated in oon.*He lived in a hottsQ bnilt for his mother ana himself,by hi? i.. her, i a Ka iP»th, the oldest part of the City, Shivaji was Governor of _j> at the .igi. jftT^enty, and then he began a career which made him master > the ] ccan.Ho died in 1680, revered by his descendants as a great and wise rule

Poona, -next to Bombay, is the most important place in the F sider'."y.The climate is especially good during the monsoon; it stands o ^hu Table-land of the Deccan, 1900 feet above sea level, and in goo " years has ^l. rain-fall of about 30 inches. In the monsoon the climate at tim resembles sp-IngtiuM in England. It has been under British rule sintJa 1817. After h* Battl«

of KirkM the last of tlte Peshwas, Bajirar., became llaja of Bithoor, with alarge pension, whicli he held to the time of his death in 1851. It vi&s therefusal of the Guverument to recognise Nana Saheb.. as his successor, whichfed , when the railway was first opened, Poona hasgrown considerably, and is now a little less than four hciirs from Ecmbaywhich is 119 miles distant by rail.

But the aspect of Poona (Jity, coo, changed a good deal after the depar-ture of the Peshwa. Captain Robertson, the first Collector, dcEcribes &state of abject depression, which followed on that event; the populationdecreased greatly and poverty, prevailed. The real progress of Poona City didnot begin until about 1876. There liad been a famine in 1876-77, verysevere; the Karakwasla water works were opened in 1876, and the bigcatchment called Lake Fife. The growrh of Poona was very rapid and con-tinued unabated until tht plague iu ]900 began its ravages. The oflorts tocle-an the city with a view \q slay the plaguo led to some ill feeling which wasseized by agitators to stir up malcontent;^, and led to some crimes and themurder of the officer who had charge of the plague measures.

POONA CANTONMENT is the present head quarters of the SouthernArmy, and of tl\e Sixth Poona Di\isional Area and of the Poona Brigade .These offices are situated in QUEEN'S GAEDBNS to the east and theseare surrounded by the residences of the principal Military Officers whobelong to these various Commands and tehir staffs. Tne Club of WesternIndia, situate on Elphinatone Eoad, is also the readence of a large numberof military officers who are attached to tlie various military offices locatedin Poona.

Poona Cantonment also possesses some goocj Lotels, where Usually a number of militarv officers reside : th'J POONA HOTEL, the CONNAUGHTHOTEL, and "the XAPIEE HOTEL.

When it was decided to make a military Station of Poona, the principalStation in cae Bombay Presidency, it was necessary not only to provide bin-ga'ovs-s for the officers anj military men attached to them,but also ta p^o^i(le a Bazaar. >S-o a bazar was starte,i; this has gro^n exceed-ingly of U'o yoaiD. and has o. large indigenous population, it is indeed a townof some -1 6,000 iiih.^liitan's. Most yf the leading firms of Bombay merohanteaLfl 'raders nave IfiaAche.-. here, and nearly everything procurable in Bom.baycan be Lid at al'out the g^^me rates all the year round. There are aL-o severalIndian firm.s from Bondxiy who ooiup up here and open during the PoonaSeason, and close whea tha Uoverumect depart.

Jl^The Munolpal affairs of Poona, LVkOf^iimeut ari' in iLo IuuhIk oi a Cauion-

ment Committee, comixisea of the various Commaucling officers of the regi-ments stationed in Poona, the Cantonment Magistrate being the Canton-

ment Secretary, the Assis". Adj. General, the P. M. 0., of the district, theExecutive Officer, the Collector of Poora with one Parsee, one Hindu, oneMahomeaan and one European, approved, by Government : the SeniorOfficer in the Station being the President.

The* Suburban Municipality has a body of its own, who manage its affairs,and these are chiefly electetl by the Ratepayers and resiaents in the Munici-pality, which has a large and straggling district, with four members nomin-ated by the Government.

Th3 City proper has a Municipality of its own, and condac's its i>wn affairsseparately. It is an elective Ixdy, and provides lii own Presicient. ^\

Not many years ago, the public offices of Poona were scaltertxl all overthe Ctiutonment and Subv.rban Mttnicipaliiy, ana much delay was ran.se,ithereby. These, niimbcrino .some twenty odd, were rollcctc

i

ROAD, We come upon a compound anti tLe sight of an arnied policeman. Thi»s the IMPERIAL BANK of BOMBAY, and in this compound areGOYEPvNMENT TPEASURY, the COLLECTOR'S OFFICE and COURT ofthe DISTRICT MAOISTRATE the Poona RECORD OFFICE. Despite thefac: that there is "No Thcroughfare " ve may be excused walking through,when we conio upon the Safisocn Hospital and a little forther on inthe same compound stands the JACOB SASSOON flOSPIT\L and theJIATERNITY HOSPITAL, etc.Turning rounc! we discover the BYEAMJEE JE.IEEBHOY MEDICAL

SCHOOL, and next to it ;he handsome structure known as St. HELENA'SHIGH SCHOOL, named after Miss Helena Cbuld of New York, to whosegenerosity it largely owes its existence.

But turning again down Byi-amjee Road We touch the enormous buildingdevoted to the Govt, and Eicecutive offices, and a few bungalows at presentdevoted to the fame purpose. Crossing theX'onnaught Road once more Wecome upon the CONNAUGHT HOTEL, a handsome building, once occu-pied by tlie children of H. R. H. Ihe Duke of Connaught,when he was C.in C. of the B

until bis treacliery to ilieBriiisli cost Baji Eao Uis throno. ana the reigu of thePeishwas teinunated in blood and confusion. With tUo end of the gaietyand richness of Baji Eao, tho demand for the rich silts ani tissues of goldo^sed, and dealers and weavers vrere impoverished. In 1825 instead of it3old bustle and gavety, the city presented the tameness of poverty, thepwple were leading idle lives, without cmploymeni oi object. In 1832 theFrsnch iraveller Jacquemont, described Poona as ill btiiil ai.d diriy, std ditwa not very flattering piciure of its inhabitants. It is evident that m thoEedays Poona had gone down consideiably.

OLD POONA SEASONS.,A British officer thus describes Poona at ti its society,iii the monsoon of 1861- -

'We rattled on dcwn the steep hills, over the Uvo bridges, and right intoPoena with perfect .^afety not sorry u, lad ouiself at 10 o'clock at night com-fortably installed in a pretty house in ihe Horse Artilleiy Lines which hadbeen pretiously prqiared for our reception.'"ahe writer says tnat Poona con-sisted of two grand divisions, the City and ihe Camp, the former enclosedwith high walls and entered by strongly fortified f;a.e8, inhabited exclusivelyby Inclians.The camp comprised the regimental and civil lines and the nume-rous private dwellings of the English residents and visitors, the Englishand bcotcn chiircnes, and a masonic lodge, a good esplanade, and excellenttoads intersecting each other. The houses are with f.w exceptions thatchedbungalows, standing separately, surrounded by prc-ttv gardens enclo.^ed byhedges formal of tl^e pricklypear mingled with bright blosromed geld nx)hur.ane author also exprersses his admiration for the uttidy anri infanitaiy pricklypear. The effect ci this species of enclosure is both pleasing and rural, andcertainly very supen,;,r in appearance to the tkmp, discoloured Walls whichsurrounded the houses in Bombay ." Of Kirkee, he remarks : Kirkee hasnow become a reglil.. cantonment with commodious barracks and comfortablenouses adapted to tli? accommodation of officers of the dragoon rec^imentsalways stationed tlicre. It also possesses a small chttrch "ana anofficiating chaplain Mid is generally considered both a healthy and an agree-able situation, embracing from its vicinity lo Poonr. all the advantages ofbociety whilst the distance is sufficient to secure to the quietly disposed allttieprivileges of retiremeut. Tie monsoon residence of the Government ofiJombay is situated ,,t Dapuri, about three miles beyond Kirkee, rather in-oonveniently situatet'. for the good folk of Poona who are^exnected io pay theirrespects "i morning ^lslts, as well as by the acceptance ofm\ar,a.ions ,o din-ner and balls. Dapuri is full seven nules from Poora, and it requires a con-siderable portion 01 fascination m a hostess to reconcile the gu.sts to suchan expedition on a \--i nigh'., or when the thermometer stands above 88 deeThe writer admired he climate of Poona. "It so greatly revives and reani^inates the saints th^.v everj^one seems incbned io enter wnh ^onBidoiable zesf>mto (he pleasure e-f Society, consequently a stream .,f a gaiety commencesmbibe opening cf .he Seascn not unlike the routine of amusement at a water.ftg place ae home, and the very exijression of Poona ir the raiis, is si|>nifi.

cant of every t;pecies oi special onjoymeut. It h icnlly a matter of difficultyto obtain a bouse at this time of tho year, for in adclition to the three or fourregiments always stationed in Poona r.nd the namerous visitants from Bo'm*bay, all the civilians and engineers Rock in with their families from their res-pective districts, too h^ppy to ob.Ege tents and jangle life for comfortablebungalows and holiday making in T >onia. The best houses are unsully engag-ed from the previous year, but woo 'o tbe unwary man who has delayed pro-viding himself with a shelter l>etore the Season begins The Church atPoona is well centrally situated within easy distance of the Europeanbarracks and with sufficient accommodation for one regiment at a time butthough sea^s in abundance have been provided for the soldiers the architectdid not consider it desirable tha. ;he poor 'sahib log' ptru c of the oomm'uity

'

ehfuld be equp'ly weU careil for."

GANE^HKHI.ND.

Containing Government House and Gardens, lying to the south-west ©fKirkee, and affording a ])leasaut d'ive of li' tie more tjjan half an hour frtmPoona, a distM.nce of about four miles This forms -he residence of H. E. theGovernor of B,,mbay duiing the rains, when Poona constitutes tlie headquar-ters of the Goverament; all oflicial busine.'^s connected wi'h the Civil admi-nistration being conditctcd in the Council Hall, of VA'h'ch we shall .speak pro-iently. This sjilenaid buildmg- Government Hou,se-was commenced in1864 dttnng the Governorship of tne late Sir Bartle Frerc, completed in 1870at an aggregate cost of sixteen lalcns of rupees -inclusive of the cost of the wholegubernatorial establishment. The main building is in the Ita'ian Gothicstyle, and Was built by Mr. Howard, C. E , from designs by Mr. TenblarW.

Its total length of 800 fect(rmining north and fouth) is broken iuto two double-storied wings oonnecteri by a lower central jiortion, the nor'hem and largerwing oarrying a tower 100 feet bigb, the south wing and centre contain on theground floors (he public room, consisting of a «lurbar or drawing room 80 by29 handsomely decorated m white and gold, an oak panelled dining looniyfiih some beautiful portraits, a drawing rooiu i)0 by 50 with arc ades on ltbsides, that lo lh.e back. cpeniLg onto a itagc conKi-\ato)y aid wiiiur (trden. On the upper sioiy aie btd Jooms. TJie rC'i^h w;r^' (ontaii^ 'l-o Cov-ernor's office and rooms, forming his priA-ate le&idtrce. Fioni the toWei

an extensive view of the sv'rrour.dirg counliy nry be obtaircd. The build-ings stand in the nisgiiiiieeiit oirf.uuiiif.I gaicU'n giod.td Vvl'.h choice ara laieplants and is well woiih a Visit. Tor tl'is. peirL'iffit'n n i.M jieviously befought. The palatial ui?;c!crce .i,t GaiiC'-hl hi] d. su) j 'an'^td (he o'd O'cvcii:-ment House at Dapuii on which it was pioLOULCcd 'O 1 e in.u piOMnent in

' vtry respect whether of sight aid amplitude, solidity, or gnice ard beauty

of structure and facility of acwf^s from Pooi.a or Eomlay. The housefront, nov made in teiiacfs. is laid oinviih giei;l

i'flfiQYMKHANA CLUB.The Club with an est -2 of ^^ ^^''^^ ^as formerly known as the Edwards

Gardens, an^ contaLus a Cricket' football, and Hockey grounds.Tebais CourtsBadminton Courts, Crouquet Ground aud Garden with a carriagedrive from the S. E. to ihe W. (to "lain buildings confist of a Ball Eoom withraised stage for tlKaiical pfrformances, two rooins 30 feet by 23feet for Billiards and Bar rootti, spacious Aerandba on the E. and V/. Isdieaand gentlemen Drcssir.g Eooms, Card Boom, Office, etc. , and on the rupper floortwo rooms are occupied by the United Services Lihituy- The forrdationstone was laid by H. E Hr James FcTgiTsson in Januai}- 1885 and the Clubwas definitely formed lii July 1886. Besides the mail- Luildirig a Eaclmintonshed, which is also used a.s a Supper room, has bcejj added. The build-ing was cesigned by Colonel . W. Ducat, R. E. TLc funds required forerecting the buiJding.s r-jnl laying out the grounds were partly couTiibO'edby public-spirited gtur!, Sees, for most of the sports and dramatic performances

which take place M'hen the Theatre is open to the public.Golf Links ar e eptabJished at Yerrowda and Polo is played at times.

-THE DECCAN CLUB.The institulion of the Deccan Club in 1891 supplied a much needed

want amongst the intelligeiit and educated portion of the Indian communityThe CI lib is strictly non-political and Doa-sectr.rian, its main object to pro-mote social intercourse, good feeling and fellowship anioug the members.For jhe present the Club has for its halsitation the spacious building,over-looking the lake near Parbiiti, which once formed one of the principal sightsof Poona, bat which alas .' is now dry, its beau'y having been ea-orificed to the goddess of Sanitation, now worshipped in all the civilisedcountries of the world. For an ho r or two of iindisturbud qitiet andretreat fioni the toil.s and turmoils of the day srd as a temporary relieffrom the dpy's anxieties and cares, free from the contamuiation of the busyworld, enveloped by a group of stately trees, and located in the very midstof sj'h-an beauties, there is not a placj m Poona that coiild approach thispiotiu-esqiie and ancient domain of the Peshwas. The dub provides a wellf opplied R, |dh;g Room, Tcimis and Badminton Courts, a Billiard RoomPraw'sg EoojB, aiid ec 9parlto,rnt for indoor ^iru*-e aid aniiifcemetite

Additions have recently betu made in the shape of fiimished rooms folboarders (members of tlio Club) from oiitstationa. Refreshments arealso provided but on temperance principles. Among its members at thflpresent day may be foUnd European and Indian Civilians, Hindus, Pars«esand Mahomedans. Sunday Evening is a gnat occasion for the gatheringof all Communities,

THE COUNCIL HALL.

In official importance to Government House stands the Ooanoil Hallwhich formerly belonged to General Phayre, from whom it was purchasedby the Government, with its adjoining ground. The building, however,had to be very much enlarged and improved at an extra cost of nearly onelakh and twenty thousand rupees. It is a doublestoried building erectctl inthe Venetian Gothic style by Col. Mellis, the then Executive Engineer ofPoona. The Hall in which the Bombay Legislative Courcil meets, aRd inwhich the Governor holds his annual Lcveo, is 80 feet by 40 feet and command-ed all routid by an elegant gallery. It is handsomely dccojatcd. From thetower, to which access is ohtained by means of a small staircase, a magnifi-cent view of the ooimtry around may be nlivained. The hqll besides is utilis-ed for more or less official ceremonies, such as Durbars, Lcm^cp and the like.At the north end is a handsome circular stained glass Windov, vkh the insigniaof the Star of India in the centre. At the south end are two rooms forming apicture gallery containing mimerous portraits of former Governors of Bom*bayi the Native Princes of India and their Ministers, ano the Sardars ofthe Deocan. It is in the Hall that the official business cf the Presidency isconducted during the monsocn months of the year. His Excellency the Gov-ernor usually attends once or twice a week at stated periods. The offiees ofthe ehief and other Secretaries to Govcrnmrnt are in this building, and thedefkfi officss are in a lower buihlirig to the east of tlie loaiu one.

Tie Bomljay Leg^slatise Ci)uucil Lold tleir Sessions li ere iliiiing theMonsoon, the offices of tlio Mioisters of Education, Agriculture and otliers,

are temporarily place! in the C'^nipouud acljjinii.i; the Alienation Offices.

THE DECCAN COLLEGE.

In the year 1821, siou after tlic occupatian ol the Deccan hy the Bri-tish Government, (he Poor.a C.lVgc was founded to fiilfil the in^plied obliga-tion cf the new riilos with rr-garci to a portion of the revoniic of the Mahratta.State. The n.iino by order of Gnomment Was ch?,!iged to Deccan College in18G8 on the

11

tUe 27tb oiAjjnl 1895. The College wa,s riiari.d iii.d'.r ilit .liiftpiocs of thfeDcccanEducation Society ard in iccognif-cU by tlie Eomkiy Uiii\eisity in the wLoleFaculty of Arts. TKo Fc rgtlsson College is the oiiiconie of the eamest laboul*of a few Ii'(\i;^n genikmcn dc-votcd (o the caiipo of In(Van l^ldiicition, £omo ofwhom personally interviewed woaUhy Malsiraia.s and o-l',cr.s all over the Prcf-i-liency to laif^* the large nmtiiiut of nionty required for the undertaking.

The CV)llege biiildirgs have been trccttd'ou.a Vivf fine site which has beenleased froiu its owner for !H) years. Tfi.e extc).' of ihc arra cr:clo.?cd for thaCollege and otler hiiildihf-s is 37 acres com[)rising a recreation groiir.dard gar-den ard fif Id for cricket, fooibnll. Gymr.a.siiim, tennis etc. Tlie College premisesconsist of large siitstantial iippcr-stdncd biiilrlir.^'s with wings, and the designis neat and appropriate. On the groiird fioor is the library, laL'orator}', officeana classes rooms, whilst iipsiairs there is a coniniod'oiis ccntial hall, aboiit83 feet by 3.T feet ihdepci dent of a space oeciipicci by Icctiirers ard rpeskcj?:folir largo class rooms ai:cl two small rooms for lao.y ."-tiident.?.The costof the biiil('.ir.gs was E.''. 87,000, the r.ic hi

12

The Collego in its several (It-pariments is iincler tl^e coutiol of the Directoi

of Public Instruction biit the principal and Professors are appointed by theGovomment.

THE BUND GARDENS.

These gardens were thrown open to the public in 18G0. The gardens are

well-known being sitiiatecl on one of the most frequented and popiilar spots in

the whole of Poona, on the soiifh bank of the Miltha-Miila, which is spanned

close to the Gardens by the Fitzgerald Bridge, over which riins the road

leading to Kirkee via the Deccan College, en the left bank, and another read

which branches ofi to the right to Yerrowda and to Ahnwdnagar. The

Gardens wore designed and constructed by the late Colonel ,Sellon, R. E.

on an ijpsightly piece of waste ground, since so artistically reclaimed. The

gratinds are tastefully laid oiil in terraces reaching to the riverside and con-

tain a foiintain. fernery, and bandstand. The Gardens are beaiitifiilly planted

and well-kept. Travellers from the Riviera and the Bay of Naples have

been reminded in this spot of sights and scenes they haVo dwelt on lohg

ago and dream of again. Connecting the Gardens witji. iho opposite

bank of the river is the Sir Jamsetji Blind- constriictrd originally to

dam lip and conserve water for drinking and household piiiposcs but sincethe construction of the Kharalvwasla water wgrks it is no longer needed to

fulfil the benevolent piiiiwse for which it was erect' d Upwards of fifty

years ago, at a total cost of more than two lakhs and a half. In tie hot

weather one may walk across the btiUcl from one bank io the other but

diiring t-he rains the swollen riVer lightly disdains this massive obs'riiction,

thiis presumptuously barring its impetuous pitigress and siirging tempestu-

ous over it thiinders dn^\'n into the hollows beneath, fcomflilly tossing its

tawny mane and roaring and growling so as to be distinctly heard fer some

15

tUstiuiCf. The siglit i,s striki»gly attractive, particularly ou a moonliglituight, whm everythiflg else in and. btouucI ill. gardens is wrapped insilence, and only tljo rapid, restless rivur glistcuivig, with silvciy-sweep

smoothly oawards till with the swirling riisb and roar of niany waters

warmed inU) mimic cascade-like contention, it leaps headlong into thachasm below with a oonsoioiisness of an importance all its own.During the Monsoon, when the riVer is in flood and the clirrentstrong, it is dangenoUs for boating parties to approach the Blind.

In 1893 a sad accident happened at this spot wh r Show is held here and the beautiful gardens len

better room and s V)Vo for display oi the floral function. All information as to**

supplying pln.i'is, fiiiits etc., may be obtained on application to the Superintendent at the ofl'fo in the grounds.

u

THE POONA CONVENT

m:^

T]j»B huildinr. of Gotliie style, was erected in 1863 froivi aubseiiptions

most liberally raised by every class of society. The amount thus obtainedwas doubled ii}- Government The total cost w'f.s Rs 80,300, exclusive of asmall building r dded afteiTs'ards, as a iJoor school for Native Chiistir.n Girls.

The Institution includes three Rcp?.rate schools, \iz, St. Josej»h's BoardingSchool, St IVnuG's Xavier's Day School, and St Anne's Dry School. Thefirst was specially intended for tlie orphan children of British soldiers, that

they might reoave a sound education r,dfipted to their future -wants; while

this end Is kept in viev,*, a lai^o number of boardeis, the children of Civi-lians, several trom outstations, are admitted for the better maintenance of

the Establishm.ent.

The ScLond School admits Day Scholars, European and Eurasian, anda limited nmnber of non-Chiistian girls.

The Third is for the training of Native Christian girls. The girlsof the 3rd School r.re taught according to the rule.s of the Government Educa-

tion Code. In tlje 1st and •2nd is the course of studie? is pursued up to the

Matriculation ulass. In the 3rd up to IV standard.The School rooms nine in number, are large and airy. The Boarding

School has twi; sjiacious and \\'ell-ventilted dormitories sufficient to accom-

modate over 130 girls.

The two I'-.rge playgrounds, the one in front, the other behind the mainbuilding, present very attractive scenes when of on evening the happyjuvenile inmates of the Coment, freed from irksome tasks, light hearted and ga:y

indulge in pleasr.nt games sue]) as Tennis, Badminton, Croquet. Skipping

Ring, etc.,

The following accomplish,ments are taught.— plain and fancy needle-work of ever} description, French, Music, both instrumentol and vocal,

painting and Drawing. The whole establishment is imder the direction of

th» Keligious ladies of the Society of Jesus and Marv.

15

ST. VINCENT'S HIGH SCHOOL.

Tlie St. Vincent's High School, which is sitiiated, in Con%'cnt Street, was

-opened in tho latter months of 1868. St. Vincent's School is registered bythe Educatiom^l Department jjs an English teaching High School. " It is

intended for the Education of tho Foona Catholics, biit also non-Christians

arc admitted a^ fai' as C4iant-in-Aid Codes allow, i. e., that non-Christians

miist have passed the IV Standard of a Vernacular School. It is under thenunagement and partly ta light by the Fathers of the Society of Jcsiis. Theboys are instructed in all tho subjects laid down in. tho Government Codefor all English Teaching Schools, Bombay Presidency, and are preparedfor the Matriciilation of tho Bombay University. Book-K'icpiug, drawing,are also taiight and boys prepared for the Examination in Drawing of the

Bombay Scliool of Art. Physical drill and Gymnastic exercises are alsoattended to.

It scored its first success in the Bombay Matriculation Exaininatioin 1891. The attendance soon rose to 200.

CHURCH OF «T. FEANCI;?! XAVIER.

The site o! St. Francis Xavier's Churoh was granted hy Government in1860 to erect thereon a Church for the benefit to the Catholios living in theSudder Bazar.r and its surrounding.^. It is ;, neat and strong stone-buildingin Gothic style designed r.nd oxecutcd r.t a co-^t of Es. 10,00i;>.

ST. SIATTHEW'S (C. M. S.) CHUECH AND DIVINITY SCHOOL

lUis Church for JncHaus in (ouneotiou with (he Church MissionarySociety is situi',ted in the Wellcsley Eoad, Civil Lines, Fjimo&t opposite 1o the

Jewish Synagague. ]t was dedicated by Dr. Mylne, EitLop of Bombay,in 1893 , In 1901 new aisles v\»:re added lo the huilding so that there areBitting for about IbO persons. The aisles wore the gift of the late Miss Asblm-to whom there is a tablet in tnis Church, a Mara'hi congiega'^ion and aTamil congregation meet regularly for worslu'p.

In the same compouud as the Chmch is St. Matthew's DivinityScnool fv>r trriuJ.ig E\angelists. The scliool was started by Eev. R. A.Squires m 1888, in a rented InmgaloW. Tlie foundation3tone of the present building Was laid on October 22nd1895 by Lady Sandhiust. The building consists of r. scljool building\\ith tvso class rooms and a lecture hall. A detached building with, accommo-aafcion for tv.olve. .single and tlirco married £tv.dent.s and residence tor the Mie-sioQ^ry in charge.

16

ST. MARY'S CHURCH.

This is the oldestEstaWisbecl Church in Poona or its ueigbbpurhood.

The site of the Church is thatof an old Temple of Mahadev and the Church

was built by Lieut. Nash ofthe East India Company's Engineers. The tower

of the west end of the Churchis surmounted by a spire of lath and plaster.

On the North and South of the tower are respectively a vestry and a lamp

room on the ground floiu-, with a staircase on the south leading Up to

the gallery. The interior of the Church in 97 feet long from the Church

stepf and *he transept 88 feet from northto south. The width of the nave

is 15 feet and the transept 35 feet. The top of the spire is 103 feet

from the around . The eight round pillars, four on each side in the na^ e

are remarkable for the excellence of the Chonam plastering with which

they are covered, having a surfacealmost like marble. The Church

accommoaates over 1,000 worshippers . The bell in tlie tower at present

replaced the original one and svas brought from Kaira Church.

The ChuiX'l!, the foundation of which was laid m June 1821 w'.-^sconsecrated by Bishop Heber m 1825. The Bishop has left an excellentaccount of his journey up to Poona from Bombay. He describes the

Church as a spacious, convenient building but in bad architecturaltaste.

The seatin

17

Being the oldest and mobt representative ChurcU of Tooua, St. Mary'snaturally contains a grea" many memorials of ''sages who wrote autl warriorswho bled." The stones and brasses commemorate many noble namesOne who Was buried in ibe Cliurcb itself has placed over him the followinginscription; —

Beneath this stone are the remains for Sir Eobert Grant, Knight GranflCross of the Order of Guelphs of Hanover, one of Her Majesty's most Honour-able Privy Councillors, and Governor of Bombay. He died at Papooree onthe 9th of July 1838, in the bOtb year of his age.

Sir R. Grant, the founder of the Grant Medical College, was knownamongst lu-juy other gifts he possessed, as a hymn writer, some of his hymnsare well-known to-day, "Saviour \rhen in dust to Thee" and "0 \\or6hlpthe King, all glorious above" are well-known churcb hymns especially .One of bis hymns has found a place in iiyiuu books belonging to various de-nominations, and also in many collections of poetry commences, "Whengathering clouds around I view ."

The stained glass window over tLo Commuaion table was erected byColonel Nasmyth, a superintendent of the Trigonometrical Survey. Thewindow Was designed by the late Mr. R. G. Oxenham, Director of Public In-struction. The north side gives the anuuucirttiou of the Virgin and Mosesat the Burning Bush (as a type) below. The south side represents the Ascen-sion above, translation of Elisha (as a type) below. The middle windowportrays our Lord in Majesty, whilst beneath is Moses in prayer over Ama-lek. The Baptistry window to the memory of Brigadier-General Sewell,represents Noah's sacrifice, the Israelites crossing tiie Red Sea and tieCircumcision and Baptism . The Lectern, which dates from 1870: was exe-

cuted by a native boy under the superintendence of Colonel Finch, from

designs by a London firm. The Altar Cross was presented by a lady inmemory of her brother.

ST. ANDREWS CHURCH (CHURCH OF SCOTLAND ).

This Oburch was built and is maintained for the members of the OlJUrchof Scotland belonging to the Army in Poona , sttvads on the Sholapnr roadnot far from the Central Gymnasium. It is a plain but convenient buildingand may he distinguished by a St. Andrew's Cross on the top of the Belfry,The original building which occupied this site was erecteu in 1861, but Vfa0foilnd to be too small when a Soots regiment happeuea to be stationed here80 it was pulled down and the present biulding eubstitated in 1895*to which a ohancel was afteiwaids added. The Ohurob measures80 feet by 30, and the chancel iiO feet by 17 and provides sittingroom for 800 soldiers. '. c

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ST. PAUL'S CHURCH.

rLis Church, situated near the General Post Office, ibe Governmentrelegraph Office

, and tlie Military Finance Office , was erected bythe Government

, consecrated by Bislop Hmlinge in the year 18b3. It isbailt after tjjg g^yj^

^^x -^^ g^jj^^^ (^-jj-^peji,^ pa^^.jg f^.^^^ drawings executed by

*i^ 7'^' *^®''' ^- ^^- "^^^"^ Church has accommodation for seating

about 250 people . It uas iutomUd by ihe Government for the use of Civil^^'''*^iy Officers resdiKg in Queen's Gardens and Ci^il Lines,On the 5th July 1900, it ,A as parti-^Jly des loycd by fire owing to the

careleHsness of some plumbers. Only the roofless n.i.Hs remained . Some,of (be property of the Church was saved including a portion of the organ, butmost of the other appurtenances ^iMe entirely destroyed . The Church wasrestored by the Public Works Departiuent and openccl for public »orship by*he Venerable W. E. Scott, Archdeacon of Pombay, on Suiiday June 9th,

" r- During the restoration of the Church a small temporary organ wasput up by Messrs Rose rAiA Co. Bombay , froni designs prepared by Surg-Gen. Jennings, I. M. S. . out ol he portion^ of the old organ whieli had beensaved from the fire. This \vas used at the opening services and for neatlyten years after, eturing A, hich time sufficient money was graaually roUectoato biu'd a ne« instrument .-suitable for the Church.

"jben this , as actnij)lishc(! Surgeon General Jennings very' kimllyprepareej fresh designs for an organ in such a v>ay as to still utilize thebes^ parts of the old organ and the Work was entrusted to a Calcutta firmwho put up the new ot-an in February 1910 wlioh is n.ow placed in a2onvcujeAt )rgan ihamber.

19

Amrtng ihe regisrcrs are ihe old open diapasoii^- well mellowed hy aoeand by use, a striking gainba. ii very sweet flute and bourdon, which couldnot be better aclaptcil for ibe buiWing . The inslrument which has an appeat-aoce well in keeping with i he rest of i he Church stands to the north oithe choir behind the pijpit in a newly biiilb Organ Chamber.

A memorial window to the memory of Her Majesry, the Queen Victoriawas purchased by subscriptions fro In i ho cvtngregatnn and placed over thealtar. The window which is a fine specimen of the work of Messrs. Joneaand Willis, of Great Riisell Street, Lotdon, represents the Resurrection andAscension of our Blessed Lord . The v indow was unveiled, by H. E.Lord Northo

2«

Council on ICth Mivrcli 1909. The Asylara is located on a breezy

eminence about six miles out of Poena on lire old Satara road. It has been

designed, at an estimated cost of nearly Rs. 60,000 to accommodato 200 lepers

(100 men and 100 vomen). The Asylum consists of several blocks of

well ventilated buildings, eminently adapted to the purpose for which th«y

were built. The conception of the Asylum originated several years ago

with one of the Secretaries of tbo Mission for Lepers ia India and the Easti

Ample grounds surround the Asylum which is used for the employment of all

lepers who are able to use their hands and feet in such forms of light work as

sowing, planting Vegetables and flowers, so as to make their life more interest-

ing and Varied.

CHURCH OF SCOTLAND MISSION POONA.

The following ara the branches of the work in connection With the Mis-

gi(^— General Church and Mission work in the City and surroundingVillages, schools in the city anc< some villages. Zenana work in Poona and

in Pauai a Girl's Orphanage and Training School for Teachers. S.-. Margaret

Hospital for women and children. There are twelve European Missionaries,

threa Catechists and a well-equipped staff of teachers and other native

workers, with a thousand scholars chiefly girls.

THE CHURCH OF OUR LADY OF IMMACULATE CONCEPTION.

Tnis Church popuUrly known as the City Chapel, situated in Nana's Petb,

is a glaring 'wHte ediiice after the Roman style of architecture facirg tlie rifl-

ing sun. It is under the jiiriscUction of the Archbishop of Goa, Patriarch of

the East Indies 'and is the eldest plaoe of Roman Catholic worship

in the District of Pooiia . In the year 1794 tlie Peshwa Bavai Maladeo

Rao, in reoognition of the valuajle services rendered to him and io the army

by the Portuguese allotted t« ihem a plot of ground aud the expenses for

the ereotian of a ct uroh for th-.nf use. On the downfall of tne Peisbwa's

rule tne British Government rontiuued '.o support it, placing tlie reverend in-

cumbent among the gazetted officers Vith a h^uidso me monthly allowance.

Tbe Church a t this time exerci^eo an ralitnited ]ui'iscUot:on over all th«

Catholifs of Poona including even tjie Bri ish Roman Catliolic soldirrs, as is

seen from the registers of taptism'?, marriages, and deaths . The Portuguese

cemetery too, in the vicinity of the Ciiurch , fvin

21

raiaed near the site of ttie uM one, through liie iiulefatigahle exertions ofttie Rev. F. G. da COnceicao, Wlio collected a sijiscriijtion of Ra. 12,000 fromtiis parishioners for tlie pyrijose. Adjoininj; the churchyard towards thenorth lies the OmeUa's school named after the distinguished Archbishop ofGoa, D'Ayess de Ornella. Towards the south stands the Portuguese Hallof recent constrttction wherein are held the meetings of the community.

THE ALBERT EDWAED INSTITUTE.

The Albert Edward Institute is sitiiated iu East Street, ntarly oppositathe office of the Cantonment In-spcctor of Police. The institute which con-sists of a Readin2 Room and Library was built by public stibscription tocommemorate the visit of His Most Graciolis Majesty King Edward "V'll toPoona. It was opened on the 12th September, 1880, by His ExcellencySir Jamas Fergiiss

22I'HE DAVID SASSOON GENEEaL HoSPH'AL.

Is anotiier ,,.^).ic bu:ldmg, a great Wessingto the people of Poona. It is»n the British

_Goihic stylo aiul was foiinded by the p4iseworthy private

mimificcnce ot Dav:d Sassoon and named after that philanthropic gentle-man to wiiom m a groat measure it owed its existence. It is now devoted toIndian patients. It wasbegttn on the .8th October 1863 and opened onthe nh of October 18.W. .lie bii.Iding was designed by Colonel Willdns,K. E. and the foundation stone was laid bv the late Sir Bartle Frerethe tlien Go^•ernor of Bombay . .he Hospital possesses a fine clock towerwhich IS an acWledgcd convenience to the general piiblic. The totalcost of the building amounted to over three laId^s. the gentleman whosoname it bears contnbtitmg over two laldis nnd the Cfeveinment the remainder.In connection with the Hospital there is a Maternity Ward erected in 1883from funds left for the piiiijoso in his Will by Mr. Elias D. Sassoon. Ihere

L^^-S"/.^^."'^'Maternity Ward named after the late Bai Meherbanoo

?-.. F."'^!'.'^J''„^'^^*^'^ ^0J'-^^ "^

23

In connection with tie JlospitrJ, there is r,!oo the Byranijee Jeejeebhoy

Medical School founded in 1897 for the instruction oi lads in the Sub-

ordinate Medical Department, pnd private practitioners. It is named in honourof the late Mr. B\Tarujee Jeejeebhoy C. S. I. a ^vell known Parsee citizen ofBombay, who gave a bungalow with a large compound to be utilized asa residence and pliy ground for th^e students; he also gave rupees 10,000 to

form an endowment of stq^endiary students. In 1906 in consequence ofthe yearly increasing numl)er of medicp.l students, Government undertook tobuild a new hostel within t]ie san^e compoimd to iiooonmiodr.te 108 students,go that the totul accommodation available for students including the accom-

modation in the original bungalow is about 150. A 1)ungaloW for the SeniorAssistant Surgeon, Khan Bah. (Dr. Bhariich*' ) wlio is Superintendent, of thequarters and to be cre.ited \vithi)i the, same compound. Iso medicalstudents are now permitted to reside in the city or an^-where outside.

The com'se of study in the School extends to a period of 4 years. There are20 stipends available of the value of Rs. 9 and 10 per mensem ; besidesa scholarship of Rs. 5 per month und six prize=;, one of Rs. 25, two of 80, twoloandloiRs. 10.

On the Sassoon Road k^tweeu the quarters of the House Surgeon of theSassoon Hospital and the Suburban Mimicipal Office, two leoture theatres,with a large museun) and examination Toom over them and a Dissectionroom have been recently erected in connection with this school at a costof Rs. 75,000 by the Government and the bmigalow in the same compoundbas been converted into a chemical, historical and bacteriological labo-ratory.

THE BATTLE Oi'' KIRKEE.-

Owing to the removal of tbe Arsenal from Bomll;^y Here, Kirkee baagrown into a place of great irrxpoi-tauce. Xew bungalows have 3prm\g up inall directions, and the working population has been greatly increased. Thehistory of Kirkee is largely jwimd up with the hattle which was fotlgktthere. The history of the intrigues and negotiations between Mr. Elphra-stone, the Resident, and Bajcc Rao, the Peishwa form an interestmg chap-ter of duplicity and cunning. At the last iuter^aew in October betweenthe two, the Peishwa had agreed to send his troops to the frontier after the''Dussera," but in lieu of doip.g so he massed them in Poona and its surroDD^ings, where they became a menace to the Residei\

24

by forced marches reafhed Poona Cantonment. Mr. Elphinstone now de-termined on moving the troops from their itnaafe position to one more eli-gible, at the village of Kirkee, four miles distant which had been indicatedby General Smith. The troops occupied Kirkee on the lat November; andthe Reaidenoy being close to the town, some men were sent for its pro-tection. The vacated Cantonment was plundered, an officer en route toBombay was attacked, wounded and robijed in open day. A light battalionand a party of auxiliary horse were on tUe way from Siriir. On tne morningof ttie 5th fresh messages^ .md assurances were sent ; a messenger was de-spatched warning the Eesideirt of what would follow if his troops were notwithdrawn. An. enormous force then, poitred out of the city, and the Britishtroops were warned of their approach. The groxmd in front of Kirkee andDapuri had been reconiLoitred ;'.nd a ford foimd, which although difficult waapracticable for six pound3oame extreme tlie force of the, charge was lost ; only a few c^me tu

the bayonet a few continued the attack in the rear, out many turned backgome galloped roilnd the left, as if to plunder the camp but they weredriven off by two iron guns at Kirkee and the sepoys had nearly repulsed

the art^^ck before the Europeans who (jT.me at the double could arrive to

tioii: (juppoiti, aini tlia moveiiieut estended along the 'frhole liue. Kiie failure

35

disooueerted tUe Mahrattas, they began to driveofftbeir guu3, tLeir infantryretired from tie distant position tliey oocitpied and upon the advance of theBritish line the wltole field was soon cleared. The brigade return ed to itsposition at Kirkeo after night fall and the light battalion and auxiliaryhorse joined it next nyjrning. The report of their arrival and the effeofcof the former movement deterred the Mahratta General from renewing theattBok. Tae number of the British troops engaged in the aftdr at Kirkeewas 2,810 rank and file of whom about 800 were Eiiifopeans.' TheMahratta army consisted of 800 horse and 8,000 foot with M guns. TheResidenoy was plundered and burnt and of the Resident's library and privateapartments not a stoao was left, the families and foilowera of the troops whofell into the hands of the llahrattaa were robued, beaten and frequently muti-lated* gardeni wore destroyed , trees torn up by the roots and graves dugup. An oaginaer offiojr on survey was seized and killed , and two Euro-peans? were taken while travelling between Bombay and Poena near Tale-gaon, and hanged. General Smith, finding his oommunications cut off,advanced on Poona. He arrived on the eveniixg of the i3th , and prepara-tions were made for attack on the 156h before daylight . The Peishwa 'atroops hftd received considerable additions. Then unforeseen dif-ficulties at the ford delayed the advance, but a Dout sunset the advanced

brigade was ordered to orosa the ford and take up a position to the east oftbePeisbwa's army , at tie village of Ghorpuri, for the purpose of co-operatingin an attack the following morning. The Peishwa 's army opposed theadvance and some severe fighting took place, and ihey lost 81 men. Butthe Mihrattas returned and they remained unmolested all night. In the

raoming when General Smith advanced on the Mahratta camp he foundit abandoned , and the Peishwa g.)ae to Satara. During the day the City

surrendered, and the gref test care being taken for the protection of tie peace-

able part of the community , order and tranquility were aoon re«esta blisned

KIRKEE.

Kirkee , with the Arsenal , the Stores , the Branch railway extending

frcK the G. i. P. line and its number of newly built bungalows for European

employees in the Arsennl, Small Aims Ammunitiom —?^v.

26

verge of the l)arlx)ur was exposed, owing to the precision of t]ie modem navalweapons it was decided to trr.n-ifer tl e Arsenal to Kirkee, This move neeea-

mtated over one hundr.^d European and a large number of Indian people

coming to Kirkee, from Bom Day and elsewhere . It ia intended to great-ly extend the present operations of the Arsenal and Europeans from out-

Ipn" stations will also find emplo37ncnt here. The doublirg of the line be-

tween Lanowli and Poonr. had helped this, and a loop line now runs into the

Ara?nal, Hi E. the Commander-in Chief, in India, has paid several visits to

the spot. Krkee in th^ n?ar future bids fair to hecome the leading Military

depot of Western India.

POONA CITY.A brief descrij-tion of a few of the leading points of Poona City m.ay

not be out of plaos. Th3 City had has a rather insanitary reputation

of late, is roughly mapped out into three parts of which Kaaoa,Peth is the oldest and the Lakdi Pool, and tl e Manik-Odha. These again

are divided into IS districts, mostly with a principal street and a number

of side streets. Some of these are called after the names of days of the week.In Kasha Peth some of the old fam.ilies of the Decoan have their wadas, andrnany brahmin priests also reside here, Ganpati's Temple here with a history

wa3 built by the mother of the Great Shivaji, This temple and its surrottr.d-iugs have been gieatly enlarged of late . The Shaik Salla Tombs have a 1 is-tory . l>euig formerly the site of a Blaliatta Temple . There is a large tombto the grandson of Aun.ngzeb.

In Shanwar Peth lived the Peisliwas in their courts and palaces andBurrounding?^, ^nd J?ere they abode in great magnificence. TJie place is stilloccupied by several law and otiier offices. There are some five temples toShiva in th'f; Peth and here too is the Panjrapol.. In it r.re depositedstray cattle, dogs and other animals, it was afterwaids made a permanentinstitPiion ;nd the animals are fed according to their want;-, the place ismanaged );y a Committee.

"?Udhwar Pech is in the heart of the City. It was fust built hyAurangzeb. And is full of temples and b'storio memories.

8buljrawar Peth is the largest in the City . The headquarter of thePeishwa's artillery wa=-. h?re . Then it became the City Jails and now theplace is office.; , of the City Magistrate , the City Mamletdarand tie HaveliMamledar. The Eeay Market, a very fin^^ market, is here. Also the bigEameshwar Temple , said to be very worltLy.

The f=3mc kii\d of history attached to most of th''£e Petlis , showing howgradually .mder Mahomedan, Hindu and British ru!e, the present City grew,The.t it needs a goo

27

OLD MAHRA.TTA PALACES AND FORT«.

The City and its neigh bourhooii around r-re rendered particulnvly interes-

ting to th'i pachfeologist and Ih : r.ntiquanan froio tie remp.in. of the OldMahratta palaces and fori.. The former of these are to be met with all overthe City, despoiled to r- gre^t ex+ent of thoir ancient splendonr yet still

massive and unimpaired by tlie lapte of yearg; wbde the latter, includingSingbur, Fmandbtvi and other r.hnoat inaccessiblj bill fortrer.sas so muchfrequented by the predatory M'hrr.tta3 ttill frown m tleir more orless ruined grandelir on the country below for miles aiound, though nowconvertsd to the more peaceful and pleasurable purposes of health resorte

t

The following are the chief Hindu temples m the city:—The Tulshibagcontaining the idols of Rama, Laximan and Sita as the principal middleshrine , and those of other gods in smaller ones situated rof.r.d it: TheEelbag, contains the idols of Vishnu, very beautifully atd artistically executedIt was built by the celebrated. Nana Fadnavis, who was childless andwhen urged to adopt a su refused to do so stating that he thoi'ght it betterto commemorate himself by a temple to Vishnu than by aelopting a fon,who for aught he coUld foretell might in the vicissitudes of fortime that manis liable (o, one day be obliged (o beg his bread, whilst Visbiat, if he did notcommemoiate his name, could not at least tarnish it. Eut the slory restson very uncerta'n grounds, and this rem-irk is related also in respect to Ka-na's Cistern . Principal among other shrines are the Someshwar, alsolately restored from a dilapidated, condition by a pious de^•otee: theEaraesbwar , the Narsoba, and Khunya Murl'dhar. A rather curious sloryis toUl about the name of ihe last of these. The temple containstwo idols, one of Krishna playirj;- r.^ on the flute, and ihe o'.her of his beloveelRadha. The former of these is beautifu'ly made while the latter does notclaim any i otice on that po.nt . the difference is thus explained bv atradit'on . The masterly skill of ifee artist exhibited by the idol of Krishnaexcited the iea'ousy of some powerful person who cutoff the right hand ofthe artist, who then prepared the other image with his left har.d Anotherstory Si'.ys th.at a Siielar, who was seized with a strong desire of obtainingpossession of ihe imago , sent a body of so'diers to prevent the instalmentof the image 1)1 its present place , but the soldiers met with a stubborn resis-tance at the d 'or of the tein])U' and were repulsed after &ome bloodshed. Thisexplains why the temi)le is ca'led Khunyia Murlidhar (literally Bloody Mur-lidhar). At a little distance from Vrdheswar is another temple of Shivacarved oU' of a rock nnder the ground. In this subterranean temple, airanet light are admitted round the temple of Nandi Shiva's Eull but the prin-cipal shrine is quit^ dark.

A atAKER Of INDIAN HISTORY.

During recent times an important revival of tlie memory of one whowas deeply oonbectec! with what we know as historic Poena has taken place.At the far end of the o'd Wanowrie village , ano amid not over cleanly buX'roundngs, is an old burning ground , where a stately temple has been ereot-etl in memory of H. H. Mahadaji Scmdia. The founder of the Scmdiafamily was Eanoji Scmdia, but It fell to the lot of his son the greatMahadaji to add to the glory of his family by a brilliant record of the deedwhich forms an important page in Indian history. Mahadaji was atonce a soldier and a statesman, an arimirmg 3tid sincere friend of the English,and a man oi remarkable tenacity of purpose. His brilliant career was,however , cut short by his death at Wanowrie in 1791 , and soon afterthe sad event a modest temple was erected on the cremation ground, itwas, however , the intention of several of Mahadaji's successors to erect onthe spot buildings illustrative of the sacred faith of the Hindus and serving asbefitting specimens of ilindu architecture. The matter remained in abeyancefor years but the present Maharaja Sir Mahadevrao Sciudia G. C. S. I.took up the idea in earnest and he was heartily supported in his noble re-solve by hia esteemed motJier Maharani Jijabhai. Tlie idea soon fructified,

Rao Bafiadur Dhondiba Harunantrao Barji J. P., a well known contractor wasconsulted in ttie matter and eventually the designing and tlie erection of thethree buildings whioh now decorate the site \'iz., Dimli Dnr^'azha, Ciihattrceand Sttbha Maudap were entrusted to the lato Mr. Shapoorja N. Chandabhoi, F. R. I. B. the wellknown Parai Arohi,t«crt of Bombay. The ilalaraja otGwalior deserves the grateful thanks of Poona, for not only has he, by carry-ing out the original idea of his predecessore, kept alive the memory of hitgreat progenitor, but also added a new very interesting phaee to the life ofPoona.

SIRDAPv DASTFR HOSHANG BOYS' HIGH SCJIOOLThis Parsee Institution in Poona owes its existence to the geuero

sity of tlose r«rsees who desired to oommemorate the memory of tic 1 teShams-ul-Ulama Sirdar Khf.n Bahadur Dr. Dr.Btur Horilicr.g Ji^maSp C. I, E.

Ph .D. who was for a long t'.me a moving force in the spiritual aawell as the social cirale of this city. H's son Khan E; hrc'.w Melier Hoahangwho is the Honorary geeretary of the school, issued on the 26th December1911 the following notice. The i;irdn,r Dastur Hoshfiig Poys' Higli Sclioolwill be opened at Ko. 3 Arseral Roi.d from the ?vd. J^uuiary 1912. In

this Institution both secular r.nd rcligioi'S instruction will be imparted to

Parsee you+hs by a specially sek-i-ted si; if or hirlily educated and experiencedieacbers ."

Religious education on praoticrl lir.es and moral training on Mr.Gould's system are the special feature^) of this s 1:ool, aed prayers ioAvesta as well as in English are daily offered before lio^inniag th« sshool

leasoiis. Besides tiis, Parsee youtha r.re prepared for liLe Bombay Uuiver*sity SlatriculatioD, GoverDiuent Sclioo] Final and tlie School of Arts DrawingExaniiiiotionfl every year. Tie school lepeived from Government a Grant-in-aid aunnally and also possesses an uptodate science labo-jatory. Selected students are ])ernntted to join the Poona Auxiliary Foiceand Cadet Corps. Uie f.nnual cricket fixture of the inatitition is "alwayslooked forward to by the boys with keenness and with pride . The Universityresults, especially in English aid Mathtoiatios, have oeeu go far very satis-factory and the school hag oeen fairly well patronised by tLe V»mfamilief-.

SARDAR KHAN BAH. DASTUR NOSHIRWAN ZOROASTRTANGIRLS HIGH SCHOOL,

This school was est iblished on 1st February 1893, from funds collectedby Zoroastrian friends and admirers all over India in order to perpetuate thememory of the late Sardar Kban Bnhadur Dastur Noshirwan Jamasp, Jligkpriest of the parsee s iu the Deccan, who died on the 27th October 1884.

The School has supplied a deslde^•^tum long telt in the Parsee community01 Poona, and its absence \vfts a sad comirentr.rj on the intelligence and educa-tion of fhe Parsees. The subscribers to the fimd, at a general meeting underthe presidency A the second Sir Jan setji Jcejeebhoy Br.rt, C. S. i., met, andunanimously resolved to establish a school for the girls of the Parsee communityof Poona ,'who could not have devoted the funds—to the extent' of about Rs.*25,000 now amounting to Rs. 75,000~to a noble or v/orthier object. Alreadythe sohool has proved a boon to the Parsoe community and is a model SchoolThe school receives from Govenup.ent annually a grant-m-aidSecular and spiritual education, the latter very much neglected in modernsohools, go hand-in-haiid together, wl'ile every attention is paid to Guzaratithe ujotber tongue of the Parsees. lustruotion iu English is imparted byEnglish ladies, one ol whuiu presides over the salool as the He^d Mistre°s.Music has not been forgotten, ^^hile needle-work i.nd embroidery are most care-fully looked after. The late Sirdai Khiui Bahadur Dr. Dastiu- Hoshang C. 1. E.»has given one of bis louses to the Trustees on the third day Ceremony oft'ae Ir.te Sister of Dastur Dr. Hoshaiig, Bai Behmanbai who died on the 9tbDo'jcm'^er 1894 and is railed after her nciva, "The Bai Bchra inb'u Building ''

The n'r,m.ging Committee of the school later ereoted a new building for theS'liool in Arsenal Road. The school has been well fiu'nished b> the liberality ofseveral p .rsee gentlemen and kdies. Kban Bahadur JI. H. Diistur is the Ho-nor 'ry Secret .ry to the school.

i '•?? 30

CHURCHES.

St. Mary's (Cburcb of England), is the oldest Chixrch in Poona.St. Paul's (Church of Engl'^nd.) is opposite to \hc Post Office and was built

in 18G7.

C4hoipuri Church (Chviroh of England),wa3 built especially for the conve-

nience of troops stationed there. It holds about 250 worshippers.All Saints Chuech, Kirkee, was built for the use of the troops at KirbeoSt. Andrew's Church (Church of Gotland), Wanowrie,

J,TfiL Mission Church Uaited Free Church of Scotland Wanowrie.

St Xavier's Church (Roman Catholic), situated in Sudder Bazaar, iaBtro: /jly built, neatly finished in the Gothic style . It was opened in 1373and has seals for 300 people.

St. Patrick's (Romr.n Catholic), is close to the Empress Gardens, Ghorpuri.It was built entirely from contributions, and h^.s peats for 1,000.It w.",? first opened for public worship on December 8, 1850 bythe llev. Patrick Shahan, S. J. and blessed by the Right Rev. A,IIr.rtm.au Bishop of Bombay in 1885.

On March 6 the Right Rev, B. Beider Linden, S. J. tlie first Bit^^op of theuewly created Diocese of Poona was solemnly enthroned in it. Bishop BeiderLinden, S. J., died on 7th May 1907.

Tne Church, originally one plain structure , v/as rebuilt, received

its present shape of an elevated nave with two lower aisles, in the year 1871

The original plan of erecting a steeple tower at the west end of theChurch has not been executed , although its foundations were actually laid

and the west cable wall was built 7 feet thick. The priest's quarters lie atthe east end of the Church.

The Methodist Ehscopal Church was built in 1863, in East Street

Church of England.—There is a Church of England Mission in the Cityof Poona worked by the clergy of the Society of St. John the Evange-

list, or, as they are sometimes designated the Cowley Fathers." The Mis-

sion contains a School, Orphanage , and Industrial Institutions. The Church

of the Holy Name adjoms the Mission House and was built by private sub-scription given by friends of the Mission in England. The style is that of an

Italian basilica. A huge campanile, with a set of bells were given to theChurch by some ladies . On the north aide of the Church is the home andschool of the Wantage Sisters who being engaged in tUe Mission work,have the charge of St. Mary's Girls School in the Camp, and other goodwtrk

There is a small Hospital and dispeniary attached to the Mission .

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St. Matthews' (C. M. S. ) is neai^ opposite tlie Jewish Syuagogao.

The Church OF N. S. Coxceiaco— .situated in Nana's Peth was builtin tnc time of ttie Peisliwa'^. It is the oldest building of Catholic worsLip

ia Poona and it is luidrr tbc ArcliU-liop of Goa and Patriarch of the Ea«tludins.

CHRIST OTURCH KIRKEE.

One of tbc largest military oburohea in tbe Bombay Presidenoy •It l9 ft fine atont building witli a very Laudsome ohancel. It contains seat-ing accommodation for i'.lx)Ut 800 persons. It was consecrated in 1871Therj ia a special side aisle, WUich is usually occupied by H. E.the GovernoT and his Staff, and &y tho principal Military and Civil officeraJu the station during tlie Season . It contains quite a numoer of brr.ssesnnd memorialfi of military officera and regiments . A beautiful st;',iuedglass window was erected over the west entrance m memory of the Hon.Mr. J«hn Nugent, C. S. I. by his widow . The window which owing to itsposition , badly requires lighting up t>y reflectors, is a fine specimen of Britishart glass work.

POONA^^POOR ASYLUM,

This institution is situate near tbe top of Main street , was openedat tjie end of 1830, v.itr. a view to afford relief to such helpless persons whobad no uieau3 of livelihood save begging , Sir Lionel Smith, K. C. B. wa.s thefirst President . it oor.tftined sometl'iur; like tixty persons and its principalobject was to reduce tbe numl>cr of Deggara in the streets of the Cantonment.The first report contfiub a para in which it btates that the food of eachinmate is to average Rs. 2 per mensem , and oontinuea ^he report the institu-tion being through the favour of Divine Providence and the liberal supportof the public possaesed at present of tie means of relieving all deserving ob-Jecis abuut the Camp it is hoped that individuals will discourage begging.Some of the inmates who have been fomid begging have their allowances re-duced for a day or two , out without the concurrence of the public thispart of the society's exertions cannot succeed. In 1677 , owmg to thepoor state of the funds tlio number of iumatea had to be greatly reduced andthe institution tempoip-iily dosed to new patients. During tue chaphiincyof the Rev. A. G. Cane efforts were made oy him, assisted by tne Rev.J. Small, to resuscitate the Asylum . The subscribers of tue Institution fromtime to time comprise ?. number of nf-mes well known, amongst oti.>ers tnelate Miss Ashlin. Tue Institution is situated in tue comer of Mainand West Streets and is admittedly carrying on a good and useful work, itaohjeot- bemg to and support trie helpless and infirm, and tnc wandering poor,a work of gieat value r.ud usefubcss. Bnould any information be requiredrespeOtiDg tDe.nfitoe and objects of tac Asyiujn it will be readily supplie'd ,;

32

by cbe Hon. Secretary Mr. J. 0. Gaidiner. Tuc aecoimts are audited yearlyand a balanoe sheet posted, 4 The last one ebowa tne need of fuither•abecriptions.

RECORD OFFICE.

This office intended for the housiug of the State and Alienation recordsis a large square stcne building , situated in the Civil Lines on the Bund Gar-den load, facing the Council Hall. The building ooni^istf of a two storeyedfront, and two wings , the fourth side ijeing completed by a gateway andtwo tiers of iron barred wiadowj;. AU these enclose a quadrangular court67 by 34: feet . The front space provides for two strong rooms 15 by 10 feeton each floor. In the centre of the quaO,rr=ngL-larand im-connected withthe buildins, stands a watch tower, which is 30 feet in height. All themasonry is of local trap stone very finely dressed , and the whole iniildin^iafireproof, no wood whatever, save wooden grathigs on tne atelves being uted.The total cost of tne buildmg which Wt>.s designed by M. Adams, the Gov-ernment Architect, was Rs. 1,33,300.

YERROWDA CENTRAL JAIL.

This Jail is one inile distant from the Bimd Bridge . The Jail 13 u^iderWie Superintendence of a Mediaal Otficer whose permission muft be obtainedfor admission within the precincts, vnth a vicv>' to the inspection of the work-

shops to be found vathin. Of lite years an extensive printing business, "is em-ploying a large number of hands, has been started which does all the printingin connection with the Government administration . The prison is capable of8ontaming 1,500 prisoners. The following medals have oeen awarded for wortexecuted ib the Jail.

—

Melbourne Iiftemation.al Exhibition—Honourable mention, awarded

diploma 1880-81.

Calcutta International Exhibition. Bronze Medal, 1883-81, Amster-

dam International Exhibition, awarded Silver Medal, 1893- iVntwerp Exhibi-tion, Awarded Gold Medal 1885- India and Mysore Exhioition 1896, Diploma

and Gold Med^.l; Medal at the Industrial ExJ.nDition, Ahmedabad 1902. IndianArt Exlibitioji, Delhi, 1902-03, Silver Med;J, Cotton Durries. Bronze Medal,

Woollen Carpets.

REFORMATORY SCHOOL FOR BOYS.Nob far irom the Jail is a Reformatory for 125 twya naa been built stand-

ing to the north of the Bund Hill near tne old Cross Country Race Course, whereall sorts ot fumitnre and mrriages arc made and repaired, end a variety ofiporfe undert.-

33

The boys are all conviatt, and the place was praotically a part of the Jaitill a few years ago , when thanks to the Iffte Inspector General of Priaons.Colonel

^Jackson, I. M. S.. a gieii,t change has taken plaoe here; the administra

tion is now < arried OP by the Educational Department, the object of (hachange being to treat the boys less as convicts and to lead them back to honestways. Ti;e nevv' arrangements have been favourably reported on.

THE AMMUNITION FACTORY.Thia factory stends in Kiikee in a largo compound and is f^arroimded by a

high wr.ll. A large neutaral groulul has been preserved in order that strangersmay not approach thereto. The workfJ, which are of a very extensive character,arc partly on the site of what was once a village. The various operations arecarried on under European, supervision in different buildiiags. Tne Europeans,who reside in special quartt-rs,form a little society among theraselve3,and havea Recreation CIu'j and other mfauH of enjoying themselves and entertainingtheir friends.

MILITARY OFFICES.Military Accounts Office.—The building oaaupied by the

Miliiary Acaoants Department oppoylto the Telegraph Office, was intendedoriginally for an hotel, but on the rocommendat/ou of a committee it waspurchased for Government, before its completion in 1865 for the sum of 3|lakhs of rupees from a Bombay Parsee gentleman Mr. Merwanjee Jamset-jee. Several alta-atious wero then made by the Government to suit the re-quitomentai of tne Departmenta.

Tne followiijg offices are aaooramodated in this builaing , namelyTae Controller of Military Accounts Southem Command Pooiia Distiic'tThe Controller of Military Accounts Bombay District.

PUBLIC OFFICES.The Supply and Transport Office is .-situated in Queen's Garden. The

office of the Superuitendin.g Engineer, C. D. , the Commissioner , CentralDivision , the Director of Publio Instruction , the Legal Remembranaer , theIn&peotor-General of Piisous, the Surgeon General, Director General of Land-Records Agriculture , the Registrar of Births and Deaths, are located aboutCivil Lin«3, within a short radius from the Post Office

THE POLICE OFFICEThe offices of the Inapeotor -General of Police and bis Deputies are

fiittvated in tie Civil Lines, almost facing the front portion of St. Paul'aCbiiroh.

Tl e oftice of the District Superintendent of Polioe Poena ia at No. 2Connaught Road, at the corner of the road leadiBg to St. Paul's Cuurcb

Tie office of tbe Inspeotcr of polioe Pooua and Kirtee CantonmcD*

is aituoted in East Street nearly opposite tl'e Albert Edward Instituto and19 open every morning. Tl e office of the Inspector , City Polioe is in

Bttdhwar Petb and is open every morning.

THE POST OFFICE.One of the tl ongea which has taken pltioe ot late yeara Rud which was

badly wanted was a new poet office . The waste ground on the space facingthe Poora Hotel was aeleoted and tl\o j\ow office biiilt there. It is a oom-modious, but not very eleKT.nt biiildbig, has a very heavy lookirg porch,

and presents a quaint appearance. Was originally in a buildinj^ at the backnow ti.sed as a Railway Post Olficc for Kaih\ay Mail Service. The newpost office faces East and was erected at a cost of Rs. 1,30,462. Theentrance and oeniral hall are both convenient , the latter being especially

spacious. Tt ere is R dome on the ceiling. On three aides of the ball,are (jounters where all the business with the pliblic is conduoted.

On the north fido of the building is the sortingroom, 56 feet by 38 feetin dimension ; and to the south tie record and ornis rooms of the divisionhaving a portion partitioned off for & peons' waiting room.

The west portion of the building forms the delivery and deposit depart-ment , and p.bove this the Post Master's quarters' with requisiteaccommodation.

THE THEOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, POONA BRANCH.The Theos

.55

memboTs, Tt tries to romovc rciigioiis antaganwms, and pobta out thatU'ttth ia to be sought by stuUy, by rei'ljatioa, by purity of life, and bydevotion to high ider.ln . Theosophy h a body of truths whiing at G p.m. amithese are open to the public.

"The l*resident of the Branch Sooiety is Mr. N. D. Kbandalavala andthe Secretary is Miss E. Amery, f*rincip^l of the Oastur NosherNvan GiilsHigh school from whom any information could be obtained. The monthlyorgan of the Society ia "Theosophi't" published at Adyar, Madras.

'^BAZME ROZE BEHIL\M."A rehgious Association of the Parsee?. "Bazme Roto Behraia

waioh was established on 9th September 1877 under the patronage of the lataSirdar Nowsnirwiiu Jamasp A'lana, the HigQ Pricslj of the Parseea, in ttieDeccan . Tie ohjea^s of tni'! As-?ooiation are to increase religioui knowledgefaith in the Zoroastdan religion , and to promote brotherhood among thimembers. The memnern m.eefc togetler ou the Par,-!ee Bel ram Roze day,after the Miial religious Jaaan ceremony which is more or lof

36

perhaps, to be had of Pooua.anci the surrounflmg country and out of the verywmdow from which Baji Eao, the last of the Peishwas, already referred toabove 13 reported to have eagerly watched the fortunes of the fateful battieof Kirkee, ancl witnesse the tot^l rout by British troops of lis warriors, andruin of his fond hopes and expeotatious. ihe eugagement sealed the Sfa.hratca powerin this part of the wuntrjMheGovernment to alloweda monthly grant of nearly two thousand rupees for the maintenance ana nrefi«.vationof tlis historical temple.-ffhich is built entirely of stone with the domeonce gilt, but since .sadly tarnished by the hand of lime : while the gold andsilver idols glistening with the most cosily precious stones, fully worth a King'aransom were either destroycfi or plrmdered and the glory of Parvati had de-parted for a time. Owing to th e water-works at Kharak-wasla being establishedthe Lake m front of it,which it was thought helped to make the City of Poonamore water-logged than it is, was drained ancj since that time has remaineaaa a sort of grazing ground for caitk and a resort for citizens to pass an idlehour in-

THE ARMY VETERINARY SCHOOL.

This School, siiuated'at Wanowrie , is a fairly extensive institution, hasstables on all siaes and a hospital with all necessary appliances, a museum,and a forge, loose bams and stalls for horses. The Institution though a Gov-ernment one, is practically self-supporting and is under the direction°of a mili-tary committee. Both European, ana Native students are admitted, thecourse for the former being in the monsoon io June, July anct August, ana thelatter in the oold season, November, December and January. Horses aretreated in the institution, which has all the latesl appliances

St. HELENA'S HIGH SCHOOL*_

St. Helena's intended chiefly,for the clulclren of the Indian commiuiity,13 under the Superintendence of ffiss Susie Sorabji, assisted by a Staff of trainedteachers. A few years ago St. Helena's was composed of alwut 30 childrento-day It has a roll of 150 pupils and possesses one of the best buildings inPoona, owing to the generosity of Miss Helen Miller Gould of NcW " York.

Pupils are preparecj for -the Matriculation examination of the Universityof Bombay. The yearly couri^j of study is arranged accordiiig to the Govern-ment Code for European Schools, with tlji-^ difference, that'l}'e pinills learnGuzerati Ride by side with EnglisL,

_Froebel's inimitable system renders lessors a delight to the small people

in -.he Kindergarten and they enter with much .spirit into the object lessons,the Natl re Sady, the Kindergarten Games and Oie c-ointle.ss occupa*;ion8 ofthis excellent mode of chiid-cuUare

Singing, Calisthenics, Elocntion, and Plain and ^\it Needlewctlc, havebeen m«desi7ec!alfeature.sof the CO ar.se of instructi)n given.

37

VITHALWADY.Vitbalwadi is about six niiles distauce fioiu I'oona sitsated od the bank

of the M-JOtha river, Grer.t importance is attached, to the place on acoolVnt

of i^a tcmplo ana the beautiful scenery it commands. The old temple is 8atd

to have been buiU by Shivaji, the foufider of the Maratha Empire, who i"3

said to have had a dKiue inspiration for buddmg it, owing to a miraculous«30ape he had fioju an atrack made jy the Bijapur soldiery. The approaches

to the river are budt o\er and provided with stairs, close to which is a shrine

declicatea to "Pimdiik" a saint vi Mahratta liif^tory.

The extensive additions to the old temple and grounds were made by RaaBahaaur Bhau Man-uam, a well-known citizen of Poena, who expendedover a lakh of rupee - nx (/he place. Besides renovating the old temple he added

a large hall and g> liLiicis substantially bui't in grey trap, and provided rooms,

and a DharamshalLi for the accommoiLtion of travellers. Water has also

been laid on by leading a stream into stvUo cisterns.

When the Rao Bahadur died in ISW the Work of the extension and im.-provcmmt w.i3 iuojmpleta. It has been carried oat by his son, the late Mr.Kaluram wlo bad fullowej wcrtbily in Li^ father's fiotsteps.

THE TET.EGEAPH OFFICE.

Bihiud the Post OJioe and in proximity to St. Paul's Church, is the

budding which was bui 1 1 for i he Govern ment Telegraph OfSi3e . It is an upper-storiel snbst.mtiiil bai'diig with extensive back premises for telegraph peons

and others. Tii3 baildiug lia3 resid 'ntiii,! qitirteri for the signallers, and also

for the Assisfcin'i ^uo 'liatfnlonfc wlio is jsuiny in charge. Its central position

anl proximity tj t\o Po;b Oifi:!3 adds to the omvenienco of tha public.

;.. Tflh PHOTOZ INCOGRAPHIC OFFICE,

Tile Pftoto-Ziucogr '.ybic Ofli^e is Ijcated west of acd near the Post Oifiee.

IMPERIAL BANK OF INDU AN» COLLECTOR OFEICE

The Government Treasury and Poona Branch of tie Imperial Bank ofIndia ari loiite.": in the compouna where the Collector's Office and the R«eoiT\Offi-'eare sitii-.tvL Tie Distriot Migis'iute and Jus Assistant freq^Qent'y si»in the katcheri.

KHARAKWASLA WATERWORKS

From the funucr of these the Cantonment and the City derive their wat«rsupply. It IS alwiit t'^n miles aWay from our starting point the Post Office ZeroStone the Water of ";. ! :ke being dammed up by a strong embankment thuQ.Wn

acRlss Ski one en^. Tlio embankment is one mile In ieUgtL, ati3 tlie lal-e Itself

from ten to twelve miles lojig. There is alf=o a good bungalow there, in charge

of the Executive Engineer for Irrigation. Mr. Yisvesvaraya { now Sir M,Visvesvaraya, Ex-Dewan of Mysore) designed and provided a number of

automatic gates for the water weir, a most ingenious contrivance

THE KATRAJ GHAT TUNNEL.

By Katraj Ghat Timnel the Oity was formerly fiirnishert b}' thebeaefioent Peishwas with a copious supply of water, but iacreased wants have

oau^ed a fresh eoarce of supply to be obtained.

CENTRAL GYMNASIUM, POONA.^ The above institution, which was open«d in 1875 has since been greatlyimproved and modornised, is one of the finest of its kind in India and is situate^

on a bit of rising ground near St. Andrew's Gt arch and the Masonic Ha! I.

The CentralGymnasium.Paona, is v.^ asa braiQing school both for tie Euro-peas and Native troops for the Southern Army, to which all Officers ana N.C. O'aentrusted with the education of others are sent witi a view to their obtaining

vwious certifioat o:. of qualification as instructors.

The institution is upen for instruction daily from 7 to 8 a. m.and againhvva. 9-30 .a. m. to 12-30 p. m. and f' r the voluntary attead«nce for Officers,

N. 0. 0's and men from 5 to g-SO p. m.Tn connection with the above Gymnasium tliere is a Swimming Battj in

which soldiers are taught to swim. The Bath is filled with fresh water everySund.»y, Tuesday and Thursday mornings when pra ;ticable.

Tba Bith is reserved for Officers on Sundays from 7 a. m. :o 8-30 a. m.

RACING IN POONA.It is difficult to write of the Racing m Poona to-day from a point of com-

parison with the racing of bygone years. Racing in Poona to-day has grown

out of all propoTtittn lo that of former days and has forn^ed almost the main

feature of tne onoe gay and pleasant Pciona Season. But witl\ returning life to

Poona onoe more we may see a revival of tliat social life whioli f.jr long was acustom here. The accommodation here afforded for racing is very good: theprovision for stabling h a'ses increases , the approaches grea'-ly widened ; tho

accommodation doubled and trebled.

Those who knew the race aourse only ten years ago v^'ill be sarpripcfi atthe complete transformation which has taken place. It still follows the border

of the General Parade Ground but it is supplementfd by two tracks for ex-ercising purposes. The c.'d stables ana quarters are all bwept away, andvery extensive provisioii made in tneir places. The Vast improvement inrhetn suG Stand, the new Reserved Stand wlich is for the Poona Clubstbej Seconq Ehccsure : the further stand for soldiers, the Stables,

tJhe Poalock, have been supplementeo by special reserved stands in separate

3f

enok>siira3, exclusively for members of the Club and tbeir friends. Tteapproaches to the Course Iiave been widened and tlie principal road is nowknown as " Enrnett R ad" (is mu'^h of this was due lo tiie initiative of the lateGeneral Sir Ciias. Bamctt.

Tlie enormous stakes wbicb the Club is able to offer at the present day,has attracted some of the best horses in the world to our Race course: as weUas the arrangements which vhe Staff liave been able to make owing to thealtered conditions of racing hero in Poona.

Much of tlje groat prosperity of the Western India Tilrf Club is due tothe introd'^'iction oithe Totahser, wJiich has popularised betting on Iiorsea to

, an extent never iiuagined in the old Iwokmaker days, and has enabled theClub to give aWay large sums of money for eharitable and useful purposes, andat the samo time to make provision for the comfort of their guests.

We have iiaiially Eight Extra and Seven Poona Eaces Meetings. TieOffices of the W. I. T. C. are at wh^-t was the Willingdon Soldiers' Clubthe latter being shifted to more central and oonvenient quarters.

POONA AND ROYAL CONNAUGHT BOAT CLUB.

Oarsmen visiting Poona may indulge in their favourite pastime on thebosom of the Mulla and Mutha River which sweeps in broad and gracefulomves from Kirkee to the Bund where the Poona Boat Club is. "Eosherville,"the Royal Coimaught Boat Club, is situated near Kirkee. It is a single-storiedbuilding well adapted for the purpose for which it is intended, and lies almosthidden by trees in a garden, the terracss of which lead down to the water'sedge. Everything is green And beautiful, even the tall Cypress trees. TheClub is frequented by ladies as well as men, and membership is by ballot",A band plays occasionally at the Club during the season and social functions aroheld there. The Club holds an annual Regatta at whiijh at varioas times rowingmen from Bombay, and c'sewhere have aompeted, Racing and other boats areavailable to memljers, who may row up the river from the Poona Boathouse nair the Bund Gardens and send their carriages to meet them at Rosber-ville, or vice verte. A few B?\iling boats m,iy ooaasionally be seen on the river.

THE MASONIC HALLIs an uupretenaous looking but withal a very commodious building situated

on a commanding eminence to the immediate west of the Connaught Institute,now used as Y. M. C. A. Rooms, overlooking the Water-works towards thewest. The present Connaught Institute was the original Masonic Hall, and wasthen the only hall of tlie size in Poona, The building was sold to Governmentin Ootoher 1867 and the present Lodge room built from its proceeds to whichwas afterwards added the present dining ball. The banquet ball can easilyaeat 80 persons.

40

^e affairs of the Hall are uianaged by a committee consisting of 7 membersol eacli of tlio two proprietory Lodges, "St. Andrews" and "Orion."

Lt-Colonel Dinshab D. Kliambatta ia Secretary and Treasurer.

The following hold their periodical meetings in the Hall.

Lodge "ORION IN THE WEST," No 415 E. C.

Originally assembled on the Coast of Coromandel in 1823, closed in 1848

on account of war breaking out, was resuscitated in 1859 by Wor. Bro. Col.

Foster at Poona, Regular Meeting 3rd Thursday of every mouth

.

Lodge "ST. ANDREW'S IN THE EAST." No. 343 S. C, startedN'ovemiber 1814, and witL the exception of 'Rising Star," of Western India,

Bombay, is the oldest and the first Lodge of the Scottish Constitution in the

Indian Empire. Regular meeting 3rd Saturday of every month.

LODGE BURI^ETT, 3284 E. C, This Lodgemeets on the 4th Saturdayin every month at the Freemason's Hall, Poona.

MARK LODGE "JIALLET AND CHk^EL.'' No. 134 E. C. of MarkMaster Masons under the British Constitution was constituted in' India work-

ing under the D. G. L. Which is presided over by R. W. Bro. Haig BrownRegular dates of meeting 1st Wednesday in J.^.nuary and every alternate

months.

Chapter '-ST. ANDREWS in the EAST," No 68 S. C. constitutedon the 1st day of December 1894