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The Pongola Supergroup Distribution Stratigraphy Lithologies Field Relations The Outcrops Origin

The Pongola Supergroup - Geological Society of Zimbabwe · The Pongola Supergroup Agatha White Mfolozi Langfontein Mkuzane FORMATION White Mfolozi NSUZE GROUP Basement Mantonga Nhebela

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  • The Pongola Supergroup

    DistributionStratigraphyLithologies 

    Field RelationsThe Outcrops

    Origin

  • The Pongola Supergroup

    DistributionStratigraphyLithologies 

    Field RelationsThe Outcrops

    Origin

  • The Pongola Supergroup

    DistributionStratigraphyLithologies 

  • The Pongola Supergroup

    LIMPOPO BELT

  • The Pongola Supergroup

    LebomboDrakensburgStormbergBeaufortEccaDwyka

    Kaapvaal ProvinceNatal Metamorphic ProvinceMozaan GroupIntrusive graniteNsuze GroupNatal Group

  • The Pongola Supergroup

    SOUTHERN DOMAIN

    NORTHERN DOMAIN

    Hartland Area

    White Mfolozi Inlier

    Mhlatuzi Inlier

  • The Pongola Supergroup

    Agatha

    White Mfolozi

    LangfonteinMkuzane

    FORMATIONNSUZE  GROUPWhite Mfolozi

    Basement

    Mantonga

    Nhebela

    STRATIGRAPHY OF THE 

    NSUZE GROUP

    Pyroclastic rocksBasalt / andesite

    SandstoneConglomerateDiamictite

    BIF / Fe mudrockMudrock

    Granite / gneiss

    ~ 2.9 Ga

    ~ 3,107 + 6 Ma

  • Bongaspoort

    Kihphunyawo

    Gabela

    Ntanyana

    FORMATION

    MOZAAN  GROUP

    Tobolsk

    Delfkom

    Hlashana

    Klipwal

    The Pongola Supergroup

    STRATIGRAPHY OF THE 

    MOZAAN GROUP

    Pyroclastic rocksBasalt / andesite

    SandstoneConglomerateDiamictite

    BIF / Fe mudrockMudrock

    Granite / gneiss

    Thalu

    Sinqeni

    Ntombe

    Hlashana

    ~ 2.9 Ga

  • The Pongola Supergroup

    STRUCTURE North relatively undeformed with 

    shallow dips

    South deformed with a series of upright synclines and anticlines

  • The Pongola Supergroup

    STRUCTURE SOUTH

    upright synclines and anticlines

  • The Pongola Supergroup

    STRUCTURE SOUTH

    Upright anticline base of Mozaaan

  • The Pongola Supergroup

    STRUCTURENorth shallow dips

  • The Pongola SupergroupPONGOLA 

    SUPERLATIVES

    • Oldest diamictite• Cyclical volcanicity with wide compositional range• Multiple thin komatiite flows• Rhyolite pillows• Pahoehoe structures• Stromatolites• Oldest sedimentary Mn• Synchronous sedimentation and volcanicity• Subaerial and subaqueous volcanicity• Ultramafic pyroclastics 

  • The Pongola Supergroup

    Usushwana Complex

    Field RelationsThe Outcrops

    Origin

  • LebomboDrakensburgBeaufortEccaDwyka

    Kaapvaal ProvinceNatal Metamorphic ProvinceMozaan GroupIntrusive graniteNsuze GroupNatal Group