Human Brain and Behavior Human Brain and Behavior LaboratoryLaboratory

Center for Complex Systems & Brain Center for Complex Systems & Brain SciencesSciences

Florida Atlantic Florida Atlantic UniversityUniversity

The phi complex: a The phi complex: a dual-EEG study of dual-EEG study of social coordinationsocial coordination

E. Tognoli, G.C. De Guzman, J. Lagarde, J.A.S. KelsoE. Tognoli, G.C. De Guzman, J. Lagarde, J.A.S. Kelso

A neurobehavioral view on social coordinationA neurobehavioral view on social coordination

Social neurosciences: ways to measure how A’s behavior affects B’s Social neurosciences: ways to measure how A’s behavior affects B’s brain and behaviorbrain and behavior

Social behavior: emergent property of a group of people.

Temporal evolution is information-rich (mechanisms)

Measure how social interaction continuously affects the ongoing flow of behavior

produced by each individual

Assessment of individuals one at a time

Focus on the outcome of the interaction → no dynamics

Our approach: Our approach: Coordination DynamicsCoordination Dynamics

(Kelso, 1995) (Kelso, 1995)

A theoretical framework A theoretical framework for understanding for understanding

informationally coupledinformationally coupled self-organizing systemsself-organizing systems

Vision Vision No visionNo visionNo vision No vision

Dual-EEG recordingDual-EEG recording

Brain? identification of Brain? identification of neuromarkers in the neuromarkers in the

spectral domainspectral domain

How is coupling manipulated? How is coupling manipulated? Visual information exchange Visual information exchange

What real time behavior is What real time behavior is studied? Spontaneously studied? Spontaneously

uncoordinated and uncoordinated and coordinated rhythmic finger coordinated rhythmic finger

movements movements

5 7 9 11 135 7 9 11 13

Frequency (Hz)Frequency (Hz)

Comparison of EEG spectra before and Comparison of EEG spectra before and during vision: SOCIAL INTERACTIONduring vision: SOCIAL INTERACTION

Effect of social interaction, Effect of social interaction, effect of social coordinationeffect of social coordination

Comparison of EEG spectra in coordinated Comparison of EEG spectra in coordinated and uncoordinated trials: SOCIAL and uncoordinated trials: SOCIAL

COORDINATIONCOORDINATION

-20.1%-20.1% -30.44%-30.44%

Phi1, uncoordinated Phi1, uncoordinated trials: +12.1%trials: +12.1%

Intrinsic behaviorIntrinsic behavior

Phi2, coordinated Phi2, coordinated trials: +9.6%trials: +9.6%

Social behaviorSocial behavior

Intrinsic Behavior Coordination Behavior

M1M1

Somato-Somato-SensorySensory

(reafference)(reafference)

Dorsal Dorsal visual visual

pathwaypathway

Intrinsic Intrinsic motor motor

preparationpreparation

BehaviorsBehaviors

M1M1

Somato-Somato-SensorySensory

(endogenous activity (endogenous activity from observed action)from observed action)

Dorsal Dorsal visual visual

pathwaypathway

Mirror neuron Mirror neuron activityactivity

BehaviorsBehaviors

↓ ↓

↓↓

1↑ 2↑

Positive effect of social interactionsPositive effect of social interactions

Cognitive integrityCognitive integrity (eg. Bassuk et al., 1999; (eg. Bassuk et al., 1999; Holtzman et al., 2004; Holtzman et al., 2004;

Glei et al., 2005; Glei et al., 2005; BBélandéland et al., 2005) et al., 2005)

HealthHealth (Seeman, 1996; (Seeman, 1996;

Seeman & Crimmins, 2001)Seeman & Crimmins, 2001)

NeuroprotectionNeuroprotection (Rose, 1985; (Rose, 1985;

Saczynski et al., 2006; ; Bennett et al., 2006)Bennett et al., 2006)

Future directions Future directions

• Loss of social coordination Loss of social coordination competencies in elderly ?competencies in elderly ?– Increase allocation of resources to intrinsic Increase allocation of resources to intrinsic

motor function motor function

– Decrease informational coupling mediated Decrease informational coupling mediated by sensory lossby sensory loss

– What about the mirror neuron system?What about the mirror neuron system?

1

2