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The Perfect TensesThe Perfect Tenses
By Jami Sipe
I have walked. Paul and Joan have bought a new car.We have spoken.
The Present PerfectThe Present PerfectThe present perfect tense in English
looks like this:
In Spanish …
The perfect tenses consist of a form of the auxiliary verb
haber (to have) + the past participle of the main verb.
he has ha
hemoshabéishan
First, you are going to need the present tense of the auxiliary verb haberhaber.
Present PerfectPresent PerfectIn Spanish, we use the present tense of haberhaber plus the past participle form of the main verb.
What about a past participle?What about a past participle?
The regular past participle is formed by dropping the infinitive ending and adding –ado to –ar verbs and –ido to –er and –ir verbs:
habladoado =bebidoido =sufridoido =
spoken drunksuffered
• abrir – abierto• cubrir – cubierto• decir – dicho• escribir – escrito• hacer – hecho• morir – muerto• poner – puesto• romper – roto• ver – visto• volver – vuelto
Some Irregular Past Participles:Some Irregular Past Participles:
describir –descubrir –
revolver –
Check it out!Check it out!
You can see some of the verbs you already know in these
compound verbs.
descritodescubiertorevuelto
• yo he ganado• tú has ganado• usted, él, ella ha ganado• nosotros/as hemos ganado• vosotros/as habéis ganado• ustedes, ellos, ellas han ganado
Present Perfect of the Verb Present Perfect of the Verb ganarganarHere’s what it looks like:
I had walked.
Paul and Joan had bought a new car.
We had spoken.
Past Perfect TensePast Perfect TenseThe pastpast perfect tense in English
looks like this:
Past PerfectPast Perfect In Spanish, we use the imperfect tense of In Spanish, we use the imperfect tense of haberhaber plus the past participle form of the plus the past participle form of the
main verb. main verb.
había habíashabía
habíamoshabíais habían
First, you are going to need the imperfect tense of the auxiliary verb haberhaber.
• yo había ganado• tú habías ganado• usted, él, ella había ganado• nosotros/as habíamos ganado• vosotros/as habíais ganado• ustedes, ellos, ellas habían ganado
Past Perfect of the Verb Past Perfect of the Verb ganarganarHere’s what it looks like:
Ejemplos:• ¿Lo has pagado? =
(Have you paid it?)• ¿La has recibido? =
(Have you received it?)
Object PronounsObject Pronouns
In perfect tenses, object pronouns go before the conjugated form of haber and are not
attached to the past participle.
yo he escrito
ellos/ellas han hablado
ella había escuchado
habíamos visto
¿Lo/La has escrito?
I have written
they have spoken
she had listened
we had seen
Have you written it?
Check Your Knowledge!Check Your Knowledge!
Credits
©2010 Teacher’s Discovery
Written by: Jami Sipe
Additional Information by: Suzanne Rutkowski
Adriana Miretti
Graphics and Design: Joseph Kohler
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