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THE PECTORAL GIRDLE & UPPER LIMB
Chapter 7
Pectoral Girdle / Shoulder
Very light and has high degree of mobility
Considered an open joint
Consists of the following bones Clavicle -anteriorly Scapula – has free movement across the thorax
(posteriorly) Vertebrae – muscle attachment
Clavicles provide a source of bracing for the arm and scapula
The scapula (shoulder blade) is flat bone that articulates with humerus (glenoid cavity) and clavicle (acromion). Dorsal feature
Upper Limb
The upper arm extends from the shoulder to the elbow and contains only 1 bone – HUMERUS
Humerus = longest and largest bone of upper limb
Articulates with the scapula at the shoulder along with the ulna and radius at the elbow
FOREARM
The forearm is between the elbow and wrist
Contains the Ulna and Radius
The ulna forms the elbow joint and articulates proximally with the radius and distally with the carpals at the wrist
The radius articulates with the proximal end of humerus and distally with the carpals of the wrist and the ulna
WRIST / PALM
The wrist consists of 8 short bones arranged in 2 rows of 4 bones
The metacarpus (palm) consists of 5 small, long bones numbered 1-5 from thumb to little finger
Articulates proximally with the carples and the phalanges distally
HAND / FINGERS
The fingers consist of 14 bones The thumb (pollex) is considered digit # I
and has only 2 phalanges
The other fingers # II – V each have 3 phalanges