The Path to Global Standards Harmonization for

Transformer Association

Robert G. Stoll

The Transformer AssociationApril 12, 2007

Presentation Format Introduction Global Standards Global Relevance International Electrotechnical Commission Development of an IEC Standard IEC – Transformers - TC 96 PTI Global Standards Story The Story Challenges Group Power / The Group Three Years Later/The Next Three Years Currently Next Steps Costs Questions

Introduction Almost every industrial sector is

influenced in some way by activities in other parts of the world

Standards have a role in nearly every conceivable industry, from power tools and appliances to automobiles to homeland security and most importantly transformers

Global impact of a standard should be carefully considered during its development and implementation

Global Standards

International standards contribute to making International standards contribute to making the development, manufacturing and supply of the development, manufacturing and supply of products and services more efficient, safer, products and services more efficient, safer, and cleaner.and cleaner.

Make trade between countries easier and fairer. Make trade between countries easier and fairer. Provide governments with a technical base for Provide governments with a technical base for

health, safety and environmentalhealth, safety and environmental Aid in transferring technology to developing Aid in transferring technology to developing

countries.countries. In general, international standards serve to In general, international standards serve to

safeguard the consumers and users of safeguard the consumers and users of products.products.

Global Standards Development Developing a standard that will be Developing a standard that will be

accepted and implemented on a accepted and implemented on a global scale is not easyglobal scale is not easy

Things to considerThings to consider Cultural differencesCultural differences Regulatory requirementsRegulatory requirements Market requirementsMarket requirements

True test of an international standard True test of an international standard is whether it is actually used globallyis whether it is actually used globally

Global Relevance• Broad effort in international Broad effort in international

standardization that embraces a more standardization that embraces a more inclusive approach.inclusive approach.

• Taking into account the needs of all Taking into account the needs of all countries.countries.

• Considering the differences in Considering the differences in • InfrastructureInfrastructure• EnvironmentEnvironment• Social differences during standards Social differences during standards

development. development. • Affects the technical design of products Affects the technical design of products

as well as testing and the rating as well as testing and the rating procedures which need to be repeatable procedures which need to be repeatable and reproducible all over the world.and reproducible all over the world.

International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)

IEC states the followingIEC states the following ““the desired characteristic of an the desired characteristic of an

international standard is that it can international standard is that it can be used or implemented as broadly be used or implemented as broadly as possible by affected industries as possible by affected industries and other stakeholders in countries and other stakeholders in countries around the world”around the world”

Development of an IEC Standard

PWIPWI NPNP CDCD CCCC CDVCDV FDISFDIS Published StandardPublished Standard IEC GeneralIEC General

Potential New Work Item (PWI)

Proposer can be:Proposer can be: National Committee (NC)National Committee (NC) SecretarySecretary Liaison organizationLiaison organization General SecretaryGeneral Secretary

New Proposal (NP)

Approval process Approval process simple majority of members (51%)simple majority of members (51%) at least 5 experts to be nominatedat least 5 experts to be nominated

RejectedRejected End of workEnd of work

ApprovedApproved Becomes new work item proposal Becomes new work item proposal

(NP)(NP)

New Work Item Proposal (NWIP)

3 month vote3 month vote Nominate experts and project leaderNominate experts and project leader Working Draft (WD) within 6 months Working Draft (WD) within 6 months

after initiationafter initiation Working Group (WG) is disbandedWorking Group (WG) is disbanded

Committee Draft (CD)

Committee Draft circulated to National Committee Draft circulated to National CommitteesCommittees

Circulation timeCirculation time First CD, at least 3 months, no more than 6 First CD, at least 3 months, no more than 6

monthsmonths Subsequent CDs 3 monthsSubsequent CDs 3 months

National Committees submit commentsNational Committees submit comments

Compilation of Comments (CC)

Editorial comments: Secretary makes Editorial comments: Secretary makes changes changes

Technical comments: Technical comments: Discussed with technical chairman and/or Discussed with technical chairman and/or

project leaderproject leader Revised CDRevised CD CD out again for comments; 3 months CD out again for comments; 3 months

maximummaximum

Committee Draft (CD) Maturity

Mature means that the draft has Mature means that the draft has reached technical consensusreached technical consensus

Maximum cumulated total time: 24 Maximum cumulated total time: 24 monthsmonths

Committee Draft for Vote (CDV)

CDV goes out for 5 month vote CDV goes out for 5 month vote National Committees voteNational Committees vote

One vote per countryOne vote per country Votes: positive, negative, or abstentionVotes: positive, negative, or abstention P-members - participating (vote counts)P-members - participating (vote counts) O-members - observing (can only O-members - observing (can only

comment, cannot vote)comment, cannot vote)

Committee Draft for Vote (continued)

CDV approved if CDV approved if 2/3 majority vote positive2/3 majority vote positive Not more than 1/4 votes are negativeNot more than 1/4 votes are negative Abstentions and negative votes without Abstentions and negative votes without

technical reasons are not countedtechnical reasons are not counted Resolution of commentsResolution of comments Preparation of final manuscript by Preparation of final manuscript by

secretarysecretary

Final Draft International Standard (FDIS)

Maximum cumulated total time: 3 yearsMaximum cumulated total time: 3 years Two month voteTwo month vote

Positive: published IEC standard within two Positive: published IEC standard within two months after voting endsmonths after voting ends

Negative: back to Technical Committee Negative: back to Technical Committee (TC)(TC)

FDIS approved if: FDIS approved if: 2/3 majority vote positive2/3 majority vote positive Not more than 1/4 votes are negativeNot more than 1/4 votes are negative

Systematic Review of International Standards

Every standard reviewed every five yearsEvery standard reviewed every five years Maintenance ProceduresMaintenance Procedures

Amendments/revisions to existing standardsAmendments/revisions to existing standards Maintenance teams (working groups)Maintenance teams (working groups) No new work No new work Maintenance cycle - same document flowMaintenance cycle - same document flow

CD > CDV > FDISCD > CDV > FDIS Results in revised or amended publicationResults in revised or amended publication

Cycle time agreed by the Technical CommitteeCycle time agreed by the Technical Committee

IEC General

Central Office (CO) Geneva, SwitzerlandCentral Office (CO) Geneva, Switzerland All documents must be electronicAll documents must be electronic Internet: www.iec.chInternet: www.iec.ch New numbering systemNew numbering system

ISO from 1 to 59999ISO from 1 to 59999 IEC from 60000 to 79999IEC from 60000 to 79999

IEC - Transformers

IEC 61558-1IEC 61558-1 EN 61558-1EN 61558-1 TC 96TC 96 20 P-member (10 O-member) countries20 P-member (10 O-member) countries Current TTA (US) Members Current TTA (US) Members Mitch Rhine - Signal Transformer Mitch Rhine - Signal Transformer Jeff Brown - Cramer Coil & Transformer Co., Jeff Brown - Cramer Coil & Transformer Co.,

Inc.Inc. Loss of UL US TAG RepresentativeLoss of UL US TAG Representative

IEC – TC 96 Scope:Scope: Standardization in the field of safety Standardization in the field of safety

and EMC of transformers, reactors, power and EMC of transformers, reactors, power supply units, and similar products for low supply units, and similar products for low voltages up to 1100 V a.c. and a rated voltages up to 1100 V a.c. and a rated frequency up to 100 MHz.frequency up to 100 MHz.

Chairman (Denmark) Chairman (Denmark)  Mr. Gert BUKKJAER (DK)Mr. Gert BUKKJAER (DK) Secretary (Germany)Secretary (Germany) Mr. Wolfgang REICHELT (DE)Mr. Wolfgang REICHELT (DE)

Power Tool Institute The Power Tool Institute is the preeminent

trade association for power tools. Its members represent all of the major

market-leading brands in the areas of portable and stationary, including cordless power tools.

Major areas of focus are Safety Education Standards Legislative

Power Tool Institute Members THE BLACK & DECKER CORPORATION   BOSCH POWER TOOLS   DEWALT   DELTA   DREMEL   HILTI, INC.   HITACHI KOKI, U.S.A., LTD   JET EQUIPMENT & TOOLS/WMH TOOL GROUP   MAKITA USA, INC.   METABO CORPORATION   MILWAUKEE ELECTRIC TOOL CORPORATION   PENTAIR TOOL GROUP   ROBERT BOSCH TOOL CORP.   ROTOZIP POWER TOOLS   RYOBI TECHNOLOGIES, INC.   SIOUX TOOLS   SKIL POWER TOOLS

PTI’s Global Standards Story• WHY?WHY?• All of the companies are global.All of the companies are global.• All manufacture and sell worldwide.All manufacture and sell worldwide.• Cost SavingsCost Savings

• One DesignOne Design• Easier to manufactureEasier to manufacture• FlexibilityFlexibility• Purchasing (larger volumes) (better discount)Purchasing (larger volumes) (better discount)• One test (CB Scheme) accepted by allOne test (CB Scheme) accepted by all

• European Power Tool Association (EPTA)European Power Tool Association (EPTA)• Japanese Equipment Manufacturer’s Japanese Equipment Manufacturer’s

Association (JEMA)Association (JEMA)• UL / CSA Binational experienceUL / CSA Binational experience

The Story - Standards

• Began in 1999Began in 1999• Tools - 4 main categories Tools - 4 main categories

• Portable (IEC 60745)Portable (IEC 60745)• Transportable (IEC 61029)Transportable (IEC 61029)• Cordless (IEC 62043)Cordless (IEC 62043)• Garden (IEC 60335)Garden (IEC 60335)

• International Electrotechnical International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) - SC61FCommission (IEC) - SC61F

The Story• Decide to start with portable tools

• Easiest• High probability of success

• Assembled of team of standards engineers from PTI, EPTA, & JEMA

• Became the Working Group• Meetings alternated between

USA/Europe

Challenges Each group had different standards

with a long safe track record and a history of users preferences

Politics Have to remember that most of the

people were from the same company – just different parts of the world

MUST be driven with the support of top management

Group Power USA through PTI applied for the IEC SC

61F Secretariat Bosch Germany became the IEC SC 61F

Secretariat Chairman These individuals held positions within

CENELEC (EN standards for Europe) Pursued Parallel Voting – at the CDV

level the IEC and EN are the same and jointly reviewed.

The Group

The group begins to work together. Everyone had the same goal – SAFETY. Numerous battles fought during the meetings. At the end of the day, all were friends and

relationships formed. Group transforms from an industry group to

include UL, CSA, Government Safety Officials Became an IEC Maintenance Team(s)

Three Years Later (2002)

IEC 60745-1: Released the 3rd edition – incorporates a combination of UL/CSA, EN & IEC standards.

IEC 60745-2s (22): Released over the next year to complement IEC 60745-1.

Example of consensus not reached 60745-2-5 Circular Saws Both style products in Standards Marketplace will pick the “winner”

2002-2005

• Decided to incorporate the cordless tools as an annex to IEC 60745

• Eliminated the separate cordless standard (IEC 62043)

• Saves future maintenance and work• Released 2 amendments to IEC

60745-1, Edition 3• Released IEC 60745-1 Edition 4• Updated numerous 60745-2s

Currently

• IEC 60745-1 Edition 5• Incorporates IEC 61029 & IEC 60335• Committee Draft (CD) just released• Saves manpower• Saves time• Easier to maintain• Aligns with EN and manufacturer’s

interest

Next Steps

Create IEC 60745-2s to update to IEC 60745-1 4th edition by Maintenance Team 4

Create IEC 61029-2s (10) to update to IEC 60745-1 5th edition by Maintenance Team 4

Create IEC 60335-2s (7) to update to IEC 60745-1 5th edition by Maintenance Team 3

5 more years until completion Then only ongoing maintenance.

COSTS

• Manpower• Travel• Individual companies• Association• Benefit has exceeded costs

Questions