The Parker Ranch installation in Hawaii Financing Program Support for ARRA Recipients Effective Models for Leveraging Public Financing for Renewable Energy

The Parker Ranch installation in Hawaii

Financing Program Support for ARRA Recipients

Effective Models for Leveraging Public Financing for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency

AUGUST 4, 2010

© 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 2

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Speakers & Moderator

Dr. John Byrne Center for Energy and Environmental PolicyUniversity of Delaware [email protected]://ceep.udel.edu

Dr. Cecilia Martinez Center for Energy and Environmental PolicyUniversity of Delaware [email protected] 302.831.3232http://ceep.udel.edu

Mr. Kenneth L. Becker Partner, [email protected] 302.740.6795

Mr. Jerry McNesby Vice President for Finance, Delaware Technical and Community [email protected] 302.739.4057

Ms. Linda Schakel Ballard Spahr LLP [email protected]

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Renewable Energy Financing

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Slide 6Center for Energy and Environmental PolicyCenter for Energy and Environmental Policy

Slide 7Slide 7

Project Description

•Longwood Gardens-nonprofit and one of the largest botanical gardens in US, almost 1 million visitors a year

•Longwood experimenting with a variety of grasses for low maintenance use in solar field and to share with other facilities

•1.2 MW crystalline silicon PV solar system

•Will generate 1.528 million kWh of electricity (using CEEP output model)

•Will provide for 22% of Longwood’s total electrical needs

•Ground mount system on approx. 3 acres of land

•Power Purchase Agreement provides for 6.25 cent rate vs. 9.67 cents currently, a savings of almost $2 million over the 20 years of the PPA


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EQUITY INVESTOR AND SOLAR DEVELOPER

•Ecogy is the equity investor, solar developer, and third party owner

• Ecogy is a privately held venture capital firm that specializes in solar energy development and ownership

• Experience in project finance and commodities trading

• Brings both the equity and the debt financing to the project

• Third party owners can monetize the tax benefits for use in the project


PROJECT COSTS AND SOURCES

TOTAL COST OF SYSTEM $6.6 MILLION 100%

EQUITY $1.8 MILLION 27% DEBT $2.0 MILLION 30% ITC GRANT $1.5 MILLION 23% PA STATE/ARRA GRANT $1.3 MILLION 20%


LEVERAGE CREATED

• The PA State/ ARRA Grant simply made the project feasible

•Grant Leverage Included the Following:

• Made the project work by leveling technology costs

•Allowed a sufficient return on equity to attract an equity investor

•Allowed for a proper loan to value to attract a debt source

•Allowed for a below market energy cost to the non-profit

•Created enough leveling in the finance structure to make SRECsrisk acceptable


SAVINGS TO LONGWOOD GARDENS

OVER 20 YEARS LONGWOOD WILL SAVE OVER

comparison of Electric prices

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

utility priceSolar price


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COST LEVELING FOR SREC RISK

PPA REVENUE $100,000SREC REVENUE (AVERAGE/10YRS) $316,000TOTAL REVENUE $416,000

DEBT REPAYMENT $250,000OPERATING COSTS $ 75,000TOTAL EXPENSES $325,000

NET OPERATING INCOME $ 91,000

$91,000 AGAINST $1.8 MILLION IN EQUITY INVESTEDWILL TAKE 19.7 OF THE 20 YR. PPA TO RETURN

BREAKEVEN WITHOUT TIME VALUE OF MONEY


Energy Efficiency Financing

Slide 13Center for Energy and Environmental PolicyCenter for Energy and Environmental Policy


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Source: Center for Energy and Environmental Policy


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Types of Bonds Available for Energy Financing

• Governmental Bonds (and BABs)– General obligation bonds

– Tax increment bonds

– PILOT bonds

– Tax assessment bonds

• Private Activity Bonds– 501(c)(3) organization facilities

– Transportation (airport, docks and wharves, mass commuting facilities, high-speed intercity rail facilities, highway or surface freight transfer facilities)

– Infrastructure (water furnishing, sewage facilities)

– Utilities (local electric/gas or heating/cooling facilities, hydroelectric enhancements)

• Private Activity Bonds (cont’d)

– Manufacturing

– Hazardous waste disposal facilities and solid waste disposal

– Public educational facilities

– Targeted Area Bonds (Enterprise Zone facilities, Liberty Zone facilities, Gulf opportunity facilities, Recovery Zone facilities)

– Residential rental facilities

• Tax Credit Bonds– Schools (Qualified Zone Academy and

Qualified School Construction)

– Qualified Energy Conservation Bonds

– Clean Renewable Energy Bonds

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Governmental Bonds

• Governmental Bonds (and BABs)– General obligation bonds

– Tax increment bonds

– PILOT bonds

– Tax assessment bonds

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General Increased Market Access

• Bank Qualified Bonds– Increase limit for 2009 and 2010 to permit $30 million per year

by issuer that are not subject to interest expense disallowance

– Plus permit banks to have up to 2% of total assets in bonds issued in 2009 and 2010 that are not subject to interest expense disallowance

– 501(c)(3) organizations have their own $30 million

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• Build America Bonds– New taxable tax credit bond for general governmental purposes

– Taxable interest + 35% tax credit to bondholder

OR

– Taxable interest to bondholder, 35% cash payment to issuer

– Rates and maturity determined by market

– No limit on amount of bonds that can be issued

Build America Bonds

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Build America Bonds

• Build America Bonds– Must be issued in 2009 or 2010– Qualified purposes = anything that could be financed with a

governmental tax-exempt bond

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General Provisions for Tax Credit Bonds

• Tax Credit Bonds Are Taxable Bonds– Different market than tax-exempt bonds

– Marketable to pension funds and nonprofits

– Tax Credit Version; Bondholder receives return as credit against its federal tax liability – no cash interest payment from issuer

– Direct Subsidy Version: Bondholder receives taxable interest and issuer receives payment from IRS

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– Credit rate established by US Treasury and published daily

– Credit rate currently in the 5.20 – 5.45% range

– Direct Subsidy equal to lesser of (A) taxable interest on bonds or (b) interest paid at applicable tax credit rate


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• Maturity of Tax Credit Bonds– Set by US Treasury for month, published daily

– Current maturity limit is 17 years

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• Principal Repayment

– Tax rules will permit issuer to set up sinking fund, and apply investment earnings if fund with equal annual sinking fund installments that build up with earnings to amount not in excess of what needed at maturity

– Yield restriction on sinking fund investments (currently 4.33%)

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• Spending Bond Proceeds– 100% of proceeds, including investment earnings, must be

spent on qualified purposes within 3 years of issuing bonds

– Unspent bond proceeds at end of 3 years must be used to redeem bonds, unless IRS extends spending period

– Up to 2% of proceeds can be used to pay costs of issuance

– None of proceeds can be used for a reserve fund

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QSCBs and QZABs

• Qualified School Construction Bonds– New construction and renovation of public elementary or

secondary

• Qualified Zone Academy Bonds– Renovation and equipment for “qualified zone academy” in

public school (schools with 35% free lunch)

– Must have written commitment for 10% match from private business

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QECBs

• Qualified Energy Conservation Bonds– Reduced credit of 70% of credit amount

– Qualified purposes include Capital expenditures that reduce energy consumption in

public buildings by 20%

Capital expenditures implementing “Green Community Programs”

Renewable energy equipment

– Private party ownership for up to 30% of State volume allocation

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Clean Renewable Energy Bonds

• “New” CREBs are tax credit bonds at 70% of published Treasury credit rate – Issuers can be governmental bodies, public power providers,

or cooperative electric companies– Permitted CREB uses include wind, closed-loop biomass,

open-loop biomass, geothermal, small irrigation, hydropower, landfill gas, marine renewable, and trash combustion facilities

Slide 31

Allocations for 2009 and 2010

• Qualified School Construction Bonds– $11 billion allocation for 2009 and 2010

– 40% direct allocation to 100 large school districts

– 60% allocation to States based on proportion of prior year’s Title I funding

Separate allocation to possessions

– Special allocation for Bureau of Indian Affairs schools

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Allocations for 2009 and 2010

• Qualified Zone Academy Bonds– $1.4 billion for 2009 and 2010 to States

• Qualified Energy Conservation Bonds– $3.2 billion

– Allocated to States by population, suballocation to large municipality or county by population

• New CREBs– $1,600,000,000 nationwide, allocable by the Treasury 1/3 to State,

local, and tribal governments, 1/3 to public power providers, and 1/3 for electric cooperatives (allocations completed)

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Recovery Zone Economic Development Bonds

• Permitted RZEDB uses – Capital expenditures paid or incurred with respect to property

located in the RZ

– Expenditures for public infrastructure and construction of public facilities

– Expenditures for job training and educational programs

– Reserve fund up to 10% of proceeds

– 2% limit on costs of issuance

– No private business use unless bonds paid from generally applicable taxes (tax increments, PILOT payments)

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Recovery Zone Facility Bonds

• Permitted RZFB Uses – 95% of proceeds to be used for capital expenditures

– New construction

– Renovation of existing building

– New equipment

– Used equipment transferred into Recovery Zone

– Acquisition of existing building with substantial rehabilitation (100% of adjusted basis)

– Reserve fund up to 10% of proceeds

– 2% costs of issuance limitation

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Dr. John ByrneDirector, Center for Energy and Environmental PolicyUniversity of Delaware

Dr. John Byrne is Distinguished Professor of Energy and Climate Policy at the University of Delaware. He is the architect of the Sustainable Energy Utility (SEU), an innovative mechanism for the promotion of public and private investments in energy efficiency, conservation, and distributed renewable energy The SEU enabled Delaware to be the first state to fully deploy ARRA appliance rebate funds. Dr Byrne conceived the investment strategy for the State of Delaware to attract over $25 million in green infrastructure investments for its public building stock through tax-exempt bond financing. He also designed the ‘Sustainable Communities’ program in Delaware that has attracted pledges of more than $15 million in private equity. In addition, through a unique public-private partnership, he helped to develop the SEU is an investor in one of the Mid-Atlantic region’s largest solar power plants, a 10 MW PV plant to be located on a converted brownfield.

Dr. Byrne presently co-chairs the SEU oversight Board created by the General Assembly.

Kenneth L. BeckerPartner, Ecogy

Mr. Becker is founder and a partner of Ecogy and is responsible for structuring the capital aspects of projects. He works with private sector investors, banks, pension funds, and insurance companies to raise equity and debt capital needed for projects. Before founding Ecogy, Mr. Becker was an officer and director of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. for over 25 years. As Head of the Real Estate Group, and a senior member of the Structured and Project Finance groups, he was responsible for innovative financings, successfully structuring nearly $30 billion in capital transactions. He was twice nominated for an Institutional Deal of the Year Award and received an award from the U.S. Conference of Mayors. Prior to joining Citigroup, Mr. Becker received a Presidential appointment to a position in the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and a position in the White House.

Mr. Becker has his BA from the University of Delaware and an MA in Urban Affairs from the University of Delaware. Mr. Becker was honored to receive the Distinguished Alumni Award from the President of the University of Delaware.

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Slide 38

Jerry McNesbyVice President Finance for Delaware Technical and Community College.

Mr. McNesby is responsible for the College’s overall financial operations for its four campuses throughout the state with a total operating budget of approx. $170 million. He also oversees the College’s Department of Information & Educational Technology. Mr. McNesby is currently leading the DTCC’s efforts on the installation of a 1.5 MW solar generation system through a Power Purchase Agreement and the College’s participation in the Green Energy Savings Bond Program with the Delaware Sustainable Energy Utility Previously Mr. McNesby was the State of Delaware’s first administrator of the Transportation Trust Fund (1987-1998), the bond issuing arm of the Delaware Department of Transportation that funds the State’s road projects.

Linda B. Schakel

Ballard Spahr LLP

Ms. Schakel is a tax partner with Ballard Spahr LLP in Washington, DC, with a focus on tax-exempt bonds, tax credit bonds and New Markets Tax Credits. She served as an attorney adviser in the Office of Tax Policy of the U.S. Treasury with primary responsibility for tax legislative and regulatory projects in the areas of tax-exempt bonds and Low Income Housing, work-opportunity and welfare-to-work tax credits. She is a past president of the National Association of Bond Lawyers.

Education

Georgetown University Law Center (J.D. 1986, cum laude)

University of South Florida (M.S. 1976; Ph.D. 1984)

Iowa State University (B.S. 1970, with honors and distinction)

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Resources

Send feedback & requests for technical assistance to:Bret Kadison – [email protected]

Resource Portal for Financing Programshttp://www.eecbg.energy.gov/solutioncenter/financialproducts/

For further information on the content of this webinar please contact:

Dr. John Byrne at [email protected]

Dr. Cecilia Martinez at [email protected]

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Documents

The Parker Ranch installation in Hawaii Financing Program Support for ARRA Recipients Effective Models for Leveraging Public Financing for Renewable Energy