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The Origins of Judaism
Chapter 3-Section 4
The Search for a Promised Land
• Torah-The first five books of the Hebrew Bible, contains the sacred writing of the Jewish people
• Abraham- Considered the “father” of the Hebrew people.
The Search for a Promised Land
• Monotheism-The belief of one god. In the Hebrew faith called Yahweh.
• Covenant-A mutual promise between God and the founder of the Hebrew people
Moses and the Exodus
• “The Exodus”- The period of time where the Hebrew people fled Egypt.
• Moses-The man who God commanded to lead the Jewish people out of slavery
Moses and the Exodus
The 10 plagues as they appear in the Bible:• Water, which turned to blood and killed all fish and other
aquatic life (Exodus 7:14–25)• Frogs (Exodus 8:1–8:15)• Lice (Exodus 8:16–19)• Flies or wild animals (Exodus 8:20–30)• Disease on livestock (Exodus 9:1–7)• Incurable boils (Exodus 9:8–12)• Hail and thunder (Exodus 9:13–35)• Locusts (Exodus 10:1–20)• Darkness (Exodus 10:21–29)• Death of the first-born of all Egyptian humans and animals. – To be saved, the Israelites had to place the blood of a lamb
on the front door of their houses. (Exodus 11, Exodus 12)
The Hebrew Exodus
Evidence of the Hebrew Exodus
Chariot Wheels
Human and Horse Bones
Crossing Path
Moses and the Exodus
• The 10 Commandments-Basis for civil and religious laws in Judaism
• The New Covenant-God promised to protect the Jewish people and the people promised to keep God’s commandments
Moses and the Exodus
• After fleeing from Egypt the Hebrew people wandered the desert for 40 years searching for the “promised land”
The Kingdom of Israel
• Saul and David Establish a Kingdom – From 1020 to 922 B.C.
the Hebrew people united under three Kings • Saul, David, and
Solomon • This new kingdom
became known as Israel
The Kingdom of Israel
• 962 B.C. – Solomon succeeds his father
David as King and builds a temple to honor God and house the Ark of the Covenant (contained the tablets of Moses law)
• 922 B.C.– After Solomon’s death the
kingdom was split in two parts• Israel in the North and Judah in the
South
The Babylonian Captivity
• 738 B.C.– Israel and Judah began
paying tributes to Assyria
• 539 B.C.– After the defeat of Judah
and Israel Solomon’s temple was destroyed by the Babylonians • A new Temple was rebuilt
445 B.C