The Optimal Farmland Scale of Section for Effective

Use of an Agricultural Machine in Rice Farming -

Focusing On Tractor, Rice-Planting Machine, Combine -

Changhwan Kim1 and Jongsang Lee2*

1, 2Faculty of Regional Development, Kongju Nat’l University

54Daehankro, Yesaneup, Yesangun, Chungnam, Korea 1kimch072@hanmail.net, 2*leejs@kongju.ac.kr

Abstract. The purpose of this study is finding the optimal farmland scale of

section for effective use of an agricultural machine in rice farming. Using linear

programming, we visited a complex farming family in Seosan Country, Chung-

nam and examined it focusing on tractor, rice-planting machine, combine. After

analyzing current state of farm machine and farm land arrangement process, we

examined the problems and profit structure of farms with small farms and large

farms. In consequence, we emphasized the necessity of readjustment of arable

land and searched for ways to increase farmer's profit and improve competi-

tiveness, because agricultural competitiveness and profitability are significantly

increased by liquidating farm land.

Keywords: Land readjustment, Agricultural mechanicization, Compartment

scale, linear programing

1 Introduction

The opening of the rural environment has already begun with the establishment of the

WTO, the conclusion of FTA, and GATT. Although the government pushed for large-

scale investments and loans in agriculture and rural areas three times between the

1990s and 20 or so years, the agricultural and rural areas have not significantly im-

proved (Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, 2015).

Therefore, to maximize the profit and competitiveness of farmers in the current

farming business environment, this research conducted a linear farm inspection by

using the analysis method of the appropriate size of rice farming and other non-

cushion farm products together.

* Corresponding Author

Advanced Science and Technology Letters Vol.150 (AST 2018), pp.256-261

http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2018.150.59

ISSN: 2287-1233 ASTL Copyright © 2018 SERSC

2 Theoretical Consideration

2.1 The Process of Land Improvement and the Present Situation

The term ‘land readjustment’ is generally used, but it was defined as ‘a change in

compartmental paramation’ or ‘readjustment of land’ according to the Act on Read-

justment of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Government in early 1970s.

2.2 Changes and Situation of Farm Machinery System

Statistics by the National Statistical Office on the status of farm machinery and

equipment machinisation in the total survey of agricultural machinery and fisheries,

among which the current census is carried out on the basis of the National Statistical

Office on December 1, the Survey on farm machinery use by the city, county, and

county, and district governments, and corporations

The development stage of agricultural machinery can be divided into the small ma-

chine stage and the large machine stage, and the characteristics by stage are as shown

in Table 1.

Table 1. Characteristics of Development Stages of Agricultural Machinery

Sortation Agricultural

implements

phase

Small-scale

Agricultural

implements

phase

Large-scale

Agricultural

implements phase

Advanced Agri-

cultural machin-

ery phase

Mechanized

personality

Labor force Labor substitu-

tion

Labor efficiency Human substitu-

tion

Way Manpower

support

Labor conven-

ience (replace

human re-

sources)

Work-replacement

(improved produc-

tivity)

Automation,

Robotization

Agricultural

personality

The growth of

labor produc-

tivity

A rise in work-

land productivi-

ty

Worklandcapital

capital

Productivity

growth

Worklandcapital

capital

Productivity

growth

Environment-

friendly agricul-

ture

Precision agricul-

ture

Applied crop Rice cropping Rice cropping,

Farm cropping

Whole crop

Advanced Science and Technology Letters Vol.150 (AST 2018)

Copyright © 2018 SERSC 257

3 Research Methods and Procedures

3.1 Data Collection

Data for the analysis were collected in the following ways: Rice farming outcome is

rice, and besides rice, it was divided into small trees such as ginger, potato, garlic, and

lettuce. In producing rice and non-cushion materials, the annual work schedule re-

quired for farming, average labor input time by job, and the usage time of agricultural

equipment (e.g., the agricultural equipment supply office) were surveyed, and other

available resources and materials were collected in 2015. The average data on labor

input time, performance of farming machines and production costs by agricultural

item were used by the National Statistical Office (2015) and Rural Development Ad-

ministration (2015) to discuss the average size of farming households ’ households ’

ideals and costs. And for actual farmers whose data were to be analyzed for linear

plans, researchers personally visited a farm in Buseok-myeon, Seosan City, Chung-

nam Province, and collected the number of technical fields through field inspection.

Table 2. Farming Status of Analyzed Farmhouse

Gross land area of farm (10a) Crop area (10a) Farm own labour

Rice paddy 102

Farm 46.3

Rice 102

Ginger 10

Potato 23

Garlic 10

Ixeris japonica Thunb 3.3

Man and Wife(Man 1, Wom-

an 1)

3.2 Data Analysis Method

The variables in the purpose of the furtherance of income for farm households sur-

veyed are the units grown by the farmers in 2015, and the profit coefficient per unit

area (1a) shows. The formula for maximizing revenue is set as follows.

MAX = 818,515𝑋1 + 3,826,420𝑋2 + 1,034,377𝑋3 + 1,589,381𝑋4 + 5,750,063𝑋5 +84,705𝑌1 + 69,705𝑌2 + 84,705𝑌3

(X1: Rice, X2: Ginger, X3: Potato, X4: Garlic, X5: Ixeris japonica Thunb, Y1: A tractor rental of 75 horsepower

, Y2: A 50 − horsepower tractor, Y3: Combine lease (The arm before the variable is the coefficient of profit per 1a for each job) All variables

≥ 0)

The input elements needed to produce agricultural products are labour, land, and

capital, but this study assumes no restriction on the procurement of capital and has

established only constraints on land and labor. Rice growing discussion areas were

1020 a, and land constraints were set on fields growing ginger, potatoes, garlic, and

lettuce, which were found to be 463 a. Labor constraints have set a constraint on the

maximum working hours per month / month for that group. In particular, the working

Advanced Science and Technology Letters Vol.150 (AST 2018)

258 Copyright © 2018 SERSC

force was set up with the working conditions for one man and one woman, including

the home work force, during the maximum working hours. The land constraints and

labour restrictions by month start period are as follows

- Land constraint formula: X1(Rice paddy)(≤ 102(10a) X2(Ginger field) + X3(Potato field) + X4(Garlic field)

+ X5(Ixeris japonica Thunb field) ≤ 46.3(10a)

- Labor constraint formula: The beginning of January: 0X1 + 0X2 + 0X3 + 0.2X4 + 0X5 + 0Y1 + 0.2Y2 + 0Y3

+ 0Y4 + 0Y5 + 0Y6 + 0Y7 ≤ 202(10a)

The middle of January: 0X1 + 0X2 + 0X3 + 0.2X4 + 0X5 + 0Y1 + 0.2Y2 + 0Y3 + 0Y4

+ 0Y5 + 0Y6 + 0Y7 ≤ 202(10a)

The latter part of January: 0X1 + 0X2 + 0X3 + 0.2X4 + 0X5 + 0Y1 + 0.2Y2 + 0Y3+ 0Y4 + 0Y5 + 0Y6 + 0Y7 ≤ 202(10a)

· The middle of December: 0X1 + 0X2 + 0X3 + 0.2X4 + 0X5 + 0Y1 + 0.2Y2 + 0Y3 + 0Y4

+ 0Y5 + 0Y6 + 0Y7 ≤ 202(10a) The latter part of December: 0X1 + 0X2 + 0X3 + 0.2X4 + 0X5 + 0Y1 + 0.2Y2 + 0Y3

+ 0Y4 + 0Y5 + 0Y6 + 0Y7 ≤ 202(10a)

Finally, the statistical program used in the analysis was LINGO 15.0.

4 Analysis Results

An analysis of the B Farm, an integrated rice farmer, showed that the variable of the

purpose function was the rice, the plant grown in 2015 by the farmers, and the profit

coefficient was expressed as income per unit area (1a). The equation for purpose is set

as follows.

B Farm generates a total discussion area of 2670a, including own land of 2000a

and rental area of 1970a. The land constraints were set by a steam-style display of the

rice growing rice discussion area at the farmers ’ B.

Table 3. Profit coefficient by composition(unit: won/10a)

Sortation Rice Ginger Potato Garlic Ixeris japon-

ica Thunb

Quantity (kg) 513 1,571 2,499 1,446 607

Unit price

(Krw)

1,931 4,168 781 2,206 14,800

Import on

collection

990,603 6,547,928 1,951,719 3,189,876 8,983,600

operating

costs

171,788 2,721,508 917,342 1,600,495 3,233,537

Earnings 818,815 3,826,420 1,034,377 1,589,381 5,750,063

Advanced Science and Technology Letters Vol.150 (AST 2018)

Copyright © 2018 SERSC 259

Table 4. Agricultural machinery usage status(10a per time)

A farming season

(Number of uses)

Ownership status

(Model specifica-

tion)

10aHourly

(Include Movement Time)

10a Under 10-100a 100a More

Tractor (Cultiva-

tor 2, Rounda-

bout 1)

90-

120Horsepower

0.33 0.23 0.165

Dianger 6 0.24 0.12 0.096

Combine 5 0.3 0.18 0.13

Table 4 shows agricultural machine utilization status (hourly), for example, for an

agricultural equipment reduction by 2.165 hours per day, and for agricultural tractor

(second time of tillage) by reducing the time needed to reduce the time spent using

agricultural machines by 0.165 hours by reducing the answers by 2.165 by reducing

the area to 0.33 %.

The project cost of the land definition (including design costs) is shown in Table 5.

Table 5. Field Business Expenses of Land Registry(Including design fee)

가가 20a 50a 100a

1.693 3.386 7.618 13.544

Statistics are before the abolition of the farmers ' self-rescue as a result of the re-

cent changes in government policies; the revised land tax burden on farmers ' proper-

ties, including the revised land tax rate of 80 % of the government's agricultural poli-

cy, is the total cost of execution of land.

As international agreements help reduce the volume of imported rice and demand

at home, the farmers should continue to be able to carry out a competitive field ad-

justment project that is sustainable.

5 Conclusion and Implication

This study examines the realities of farming villages currently facing difficulties at

home and abroad, analyzed and analyzed the performance of farm sector management

by comparing and analyzing the optimal performance offarm equipment supply and

utilization.

An analysis indicates that the agricultural products can be conveniently distributed

by reducing the time needed for agricultural land use and decreasing the time needed

for agricultural land use by continuous production of rice with a size of more than

5,000 pyeong.

In the current farming system, it is necessary to organize the efficient farming ma-

chines and reduce the efficiency of farming activities by organizing agricultural land

on an appropriate scale to reduce the cost of use and production.

Although land has been cleared once, most fields are still small-area compared to

the grain output of large agricultural machinery, making it an inefficient way to meet

the profit and loss of farmers ' incomes in terms of agricultural operations.

Advanced Science and Technology Letters Vol.150 (AST 2018)

260 Copyright © 2018 SERSC

Therefore, although expensive large-scale agricultural machinery was purchased, it

must be expanded to provide more arable land by increasing the arable land and mak-

ing standard areas more suitable for use.

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