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The North Takes Charge
Section 11-4
Preview Questions
• What battle turned the tide of the war?
• How did the Battle of Vicksburg affect the Confederacy?
• How did Union forces wear down the South?
I. Armies Clash at Gettysburg
• Importance • Turning point of Civil War • South crippled: No longer on offensive
• Background• Union defeated at Chancellorsville • Stonewall Jackson killed
I. Armies Clash at Gettysburg
• First Day of Battle: July 1, 1863 – Fierce Confederate assault forces Union retreat
near Cemetery Ridge
• Second Day of Battle: July 2, 1863 – Confederates attack at Cemetery Ridge – Union bayonet assault holds their lines
I. Armies Clash at Gettysburg • Third Day of Battle: July 3, 1863 – Pickett’s Charge
• Confederate raid that fails
– Lee looses too many men to launch another
offensive attack– Lee retreats to Virginia
II. Grant Wins at Vicksburg
• April-July 1863• Importance
– Split Confederacy in two – Union controls
Mississippi River
III. The Gettysburg Address
• Listed reasons why Union fought
• Emphasized idea of reunification
• Assured people Union would survive
IV. Confederacy Wears Down
• Confederate Problems – Low morale – No supplies– Soldiers desert – Disagreement among
leaders
IV. Confederacy Wears Down
• Wilderness Campaign (May 1864) – Grant’s plan to immobilize
Lee’s forces– Union loses more men, but
can replace
IV. Confederacy Wears Down
• Sherman’s March (September 1864) – March from Atlanta to coast, through SC & NC– Destroy anything of value– Defeat civilians (Total War)
IV. Confederacy Wears Down
• Surrender at Appomattox– Davis destroys Richmond and flees– April 9, 1865: Surrender