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7/27/2019 The Newborn Infant
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True Labor False Labor
Regular
Increasing frequency, duration and
intensity
Shortening Interval
Irregular
No change in frequency, duration
and intensity (Braxton Hicks
Contraction)
Radiates from the back around the
abdomen
Pain at abdomen
Contraction does not decrease with
rest or activity/walking
Contraction may lessen with activity
or rest
Progressive effacement and
dilatation of cervix
Cervical changes do not occur yet
Contraction
Discomforts
Rest/a
ctivity
Cervix
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escent of fetus into pelvic inlet LIGHTENINGengagement of presenting fetal part at station orbelow
in Primi 2 weeks priorin Multi at onset of labor
pening cervical OS - DILATATION
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oftening of the cervix
ontraction of uterus that are progressive and regular
upture of membrane ( ROM )ffacement progressive thinning and shortening of cervix
pprehension
ucus plug expulsion BLOODY SHOW
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STAGE 1 : Cervical StagePHASE DILATATI
ON
DURATION/INT
ERVAL
INTENSITY
Latent 0-3 cm 20 40 sec, 5-
30 min
Mild to
moderate
Active 4-7cm 40 60 sec, 3-
5 min
Moderate to
strong
Transition 8-10cm 60 90 sec, 2-
3 min
Strong
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A. Natural Spontaneous Delivery (NSD)
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Forceps
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C. Caesarean Delivery (CS)
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resentation
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resentation
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osition
tation
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Plateau Stage
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2. Factors that affects the
mortality
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b. Racial differences
non-white have highermortality than whites
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c. Economic level poorest
families have the highestmortality rate
d. Birth weight and gestationperiod the lesser the birth
weight, the shorter gestation
period the higher mortality
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e. Birth order increasing birth
order has higher mortality
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A.Size
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A.Size
Physical Growth
Height Weight
increases by:12 months 50 %4years old 2x
6 months 2x12 months - 3x30 months - 4x
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b. Economic status infants from poorer districts are slightlysmaller than from better districts
And Negro infants aresmaller than white infants
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c. Ordinal position - first born infant are
on the average, smaller than later born
d. Fetal activity when excessive,this may cause the infant to be
considerably underweight for his
body length
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B. Physical Proportions
a. Infants head is one-fourth of theentire body length.
b. In the infant, the ratio between the
cranium and the face is 8:1
c. The infants face is broad and short
because of lack of teeth, theunderdeveloped condition of the
jaws, and the flatness of the nose.
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d. The arms, legs and trunk are
smaller in relation to the head.
e. The abdominal region of the
trunk is larger and bulging,
while the shoulders are narrow.
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C. Infantile Features
a. The eyes are bluish gray butchange gradually to whatever the
permanent color will be.
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b. Tear glands are inactive so
crying is not accompanied by
tears.
c. The neck is short and the skinhas deep folds.
d. Muscles and bones are soft,
small and uncontrolled.
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e. Flesh in firm and elastic, while
the skin is soft and deep pink in
color.
f. Sometimes a soft growth ofhair is found on the body,
mostly on the back, but it soon
disappears.
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g. Once in every 2,000 births, the
infant is born with one or two
teeth.
Fi di 42 k P t
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Findings 42 wks Post
term
Sole Creases 1/3 creases 2/3 creases 3/3 creases
Breast nodule diameter < 3 mm 3 5 mm > 5 mm
Scalp hair Fine and fuzzy course and silky course and silky
Ear lobe No cartilage Slight cartilage Thick cartilage
Testes and scrotum Testes in upper canal : few
ruggae
Testes down : poor ruggae Pendulous : extensive
ruggae
Labia majora and minora L. Majora is in line with L.
minora
L. Majora more prominent l. Majora over the L.
minora
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