The Nature of Sciencep. 33 of Worksheet Packet

Fill in the blanks, please.

Section 1: The Methods of Science

A. Science studies natural patterns. 1. Science is classified

into three main categories: Life Science, Earth Science and Physical Science. Sometimes they overlap.

Section 1: The Methods of Science

2. Science explains the natural world; explanations can change over time.

Section 1: The Methods of Science

3. Scientists investigate nature by observation, experimentation, or modeling.

Section 1: The Methods of Science

B. Scientific Method-an organized set of investigation procedures 1. State a problem. 2. Gather information. 3. Form a hypothesis.

Section 1: The Methods of Science

4. An experiment with variables is a common way to test a hypothesis.

a. A dependent variable changes value as other variables change.

Section 1: The Methods of Science

B. An independent variable is changed to determine how it will affect the dependent variable.

Section 1: The Methods of Science

c. A variable that does not change when other variables change is a constant.

5. Analyze data from an experiment or investigation.

Section 1: The Methods of Science

d. A ________ is the standard to which test results can be compared.

Control!

Section 1: The Methods of Science

6. Form a conclusion based on the data.

7. Reduce bias by keeping accurate records, using measurable data and repeating the expt.

Section 1: The Methods of Science

C. Models represent ideas, events, or objects and can be physical or computerized.

Section 1: The Methods of Science

D. A theory is an explanation based on many observations and investigations; a scientific law is a statement …always true.

Section 1: The Methods of Science E. Science deals with the

natural world; questions of value or emotion cannot be answered.

Section 1: The Methods of Science F. Technology-applied

science helping people. Discuss: What area of

questioning is science restricted to?

Section 1: The Methods of Science

F. Technology-applied science helping people.

Discuss: What are of questioning is science restricted to?

Ans.: the natural world.

Section 2: Standards of Measurement

A. Standard-exact quantity that people agree to use for comparison.

B. Measurement must be taken carefully.

Standards of Measurement

Section 2: Standards of Measurement

1. Precision describes how closely measurements are to each other and how carefully they were made.

Section 2: Standards of Measurement

2. Accuracy compares a measurement to the real or accepted value.

C. Measurements must have a number and a unit.

Section 2: Standards of Measurement

1. SI-an improved version of the metric system used and understood by scientists worldwide.

Section 2: Standards of Measurement

2. SI system is based on multiples of 10 and uses prefixes to indicate a a specific multiple.

Section 2: Standards of Measurement

D. Length is measured using a unit appropriate for the distance between two points.

E. Volume-the amount of space in an object.

Section 2: Standards of Measurement

F. Mass-measure of matter in an object. 1. Density-mass per unit

volume of a material. 2. A unit obtained by

combining different SI units is a derived unit.

Section 2: Standards of Measurement

G. Time is the interval between two events; temperature is measured using a thermometer.

Section 2: Standards of Measurement

Discussion Question: What is the SI measurement system?

Section 2: Standards of Measurement

Discussion Question: What is the SI measurement system?

An improved version of the metric system used by scientists.

Section 3: Communicating with Graphs

A. Graph – visual display of information or data that is used to detect patterns.

Section 3: Communicating with Graphs

B. A line graph show a relationship where the dependent variable changes due to a change in the independent variable.

Section 3: Communicating with Graphs

1. The scale should make the graph readable.

2. The x-axis should always be used for the independent variable.

3. Units of measurement must be consistent.

Section 3: Communicating with Graphs

C. Bar graphs compare information collected by counting.

1. Each bar represents a quantity counted at a particular time.

Section 3: Communicating with Graphs

D. Circle graphs show how a whole is broken into parts.

1. The parts in a circle graph usually are represented as percentages of the whole.

Section 3: Communicating with Graphs

Quick quiz: 1. Which axis should

always be used for the independent variable?

2. Which type of graph is useful for counted data?

Section 3: Communicating with Graphs

Quick quiz: 1. The x-axis is used for

the independent variable.

2. A bar graph is useful for info. collected by counting.