The Nature of Science I. The Methods of Science-a ___ is a used to help you something, often something in a _ KidsPlayChessOnOnFatGreenStools

The Nature of Science

I. The Methods of Science -a _________ is a ______ used to help you ________ something, often something in a ________ _____

Kids Play Chess On Fat Green Stools

My Very Energetic Mother Just Served Us Nine Pizzas

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto

Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

mnemonic devicerememberparticular order


I. The Methods of Science

My Cat Died Drinking Hot Kool-Aid

milli- centi- deci- deka- hecta- kilo-meterlitergram

milli- centi- deci- deka- hecta- kilo-meterlitergram

Mega- Giga-nano-pico-

0.10.010.0011 x 10-91 x 10-12 10 100 1000 1 x 106 1 x 109

micro-

1 x 10-6


I. The Methods of Science -unit cancellation

14

x =37

328

58

x =415

16

1

3

12

41

x =14

11

1

1= 1

101

x =110

11

1

1= 1

Multiply the Fractions:

What fraction would you multiply by to get 1?32

32

x =23

11

1

1= 1

Reciprocal

Reciprocal

1

1



How many hectoliters in a deciliter?

1 dL x 1 L x 1 hL=

1 10 dL 100 L0.001 hL

How many microliters in a dekaliter?

1 dkL x 10 L x 1 x 106 μL=

1 1 dkL 1 L1 x 107 μL

(Dimensional Analysis)



How many megameters in 100 centimeters?

100 cm x 1 m x 1 Mm=

1 100 cm 1 x 106 m1 x 10-6 Mm

How many picograms in 1000 kilograms?

1000 kg x 1000 g x 1 x 1012 pg=

1 1 kg 1 g1 x 1018 pg



How many milliliters in 10 microliters?

10 μm x 1 m x 1000 mm=

1 1 x 106 μm 1 m1 x 10-2 or 0.01 mm

How many nanometers in 0.0001 Gigameters?

1 x 10-4 Gm x 1 x 109 m x 1 x 109 nm=

1 1 Gm 1 m1 x 1014 nm


II. Standards of Measurement -the ___________ ______ of _____, or __, is founded on _____ ____ _____, which ______ be ______ _____, and are ___ _______ from _____ _____

International System unitsSI seven

SI base units

Base quantity Name Symbol

length meter m

mass kilogram kg

time second s

electric current ampere A

thermodynamic temperature kelvin K

amount of substance mole mol

luminous intensity candela cd

http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/units.html

base unitscannot broken down

not derived other units


II. Standards of Measurement -other __ _____ are _______ _____, which are ________ by _________ _______ __ _____, and can be _______ _____ into __ ____ _____

Name Symbol Quantity

Expression in terms of other

SI units

Expression in terms of SI base

units

square meter

Volume

Velocity

Pressure

Newton

Joule

Watt

SI units derived unitsobtained combining

different SI units brokendown SI base units

m2 Area m2

cubic meter m3 m3

meter per second m/s m/s

Pascal P N/m2 N/m2

N Force, Weight kg·m/s2

J Energy, Work N·m kg·m2/s2

W Power J/s kg·m2/s3


II. Standards of Measurement -_______ _____ might be ____________ of _____ ____ ___ ____ ____, or a __________ of ____ ____ _____ and other _______ _____

http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/SIdiagram.html

derived units combinationsmore than base unitone

combination both base unitsderived units


II. Standards of Measurement

Directions: For each of the derived units in the column on the left below, list the letters of all the base units used in combination to make the derived unit:1. Newton ____ ____ ____

2. Watt ____ ____ ____

3. Hertz ____

4. Coulomb ____ ____

5. Gray ____ ____

6. Volt ____ ____ ____ ____

7. Tesla ____ ____ ____

8. Ohm ____ ____ ____ ____

a. kilogram

b. meter

c. second

e. ampere

d. mole

f. Kelvin

g. candela



A. Measuring Matter -Mystery Metal Density Lab

A. Safety:

1. Hypothesis: How can the density of an unknown metal be determined?

2. Prediction:

3. Gather Data:

Always use ordinary caution when using electrically-powered laboratory devices like the electronic top-loading balance. Also use ordinary caution when using laboratory glassware. Be sure to report any breakages immediately and police the area.




3. Gather Data:

B. Procedure:

1. Obtain a 25-mL graduated cylinder. Fill about half full of water, and record the initial volume to nearest tenth mL, being sure to read the bottom of the meniscus.




3. Gather Data:

B. Procedure:





3. Gather Data:

B. Procedure:


meniscus




3. Gather Data:

B. Procedure:

1. Obtain a 25-mL graduated cylinder. Fill about half full of water, and record the initial volume to nearest tenth mL.

2. Mass a dry sample of mystery metal on the top-loading electronic balance. Record mass to nearest tenth gram.




3. Gather Data:

B. Procedure:



3. Carefully slide the sample of mystery metal down the side of the graduated cylinder while holding the cylinder at an angle. Avoid dropping the sample to protect the glass of the cylinder and prevent splashing of the water out of the cylinder. Record the final volume to nearest tenth mL.




3. Gather Data:

B. Procedure:



3. Carefully slide the sample of mystery metal down the side of the graduated cylinder while holding the cylinder at an angle. Avoid dropping the sample to protect the glass of the cylinder and prevent splashing of the water out of the cylinder. Record the final volume to nearest tenth mL.

meniscus




4. Analyze Data: -calculate the density to the appropriate number of significant digits:

10.3 g=1.7 mL

d

3 significant digits


= 6.0588235 = 6.1 g/mL

5. Draw Conclusions: How can the density of an unknown metal be determined? _____________________________________________________________________

-use the Periodic Table to determine the identity of the Mystery Metal, based on its calculated density:


Documents

The Nature of Science I. The Methods of Science-a _________ is a ______ used to help you ________ something, often something in a ________ _____ KidsPlayChessOnOnFatGreenStools

The Nature of Science I. The Methods of Science-a ___ is a used to help you something, often something in a _ KidsPlayChessOnOnFatGreenStools