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Figure 22.12b Anatomy of the Mouth The labial frenulum Connects lips to gum The palate Forms the roof of the mouth
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The Mouth and Associated Organs
The mouth – oral cavity Mucosal layer
Stratified squamous epithelium Lamina propria
The lips and cheeks Formed from orbicularis oris and buccinator
muscles, respectively
Anatomy of the Mouth
Figure 22.12a
Figure 22.12b
Anatomy of the Mouth
The labial frenulum Connects lips to gum
The palate Forms the roof of the
mouth
The Tongue Interlacing fascicles of skeletal muscle Grips food and repositions it Helps form some consonants Intrinsic muscles – within the tongue Extrinsic muscles – external to the tongue Lingual frenulum
Secures tongue to floor of mouth
The Superior Surface of the Tongue Tongue papillae
Filiform papillae – no taste buds Fungiform papillae Circumvallate papillae
Sulcus terminalis Marks border between mouth and pharynx
Posterior 1/3 of tongue lies in oropharynx Lined with lingual tonsil
Superior Surface of the Tongue
Figure 22.13
The Teeth
Deciduous teeth – 20 teeth First appear at 6 months of age
Permanent teeth – 32 teeth Most erupt by the end of adolescence
The Teeth
Figure 22.14
How many deciduous teeth are there? A) 32 B) 20 C) 18 D) It varies from person to person.
Tooth Structure
Longitudinal section of tooth in alveolus
Figure 22.15
The Salivary Glands Produce saliva Compound tubuloalveolar glands
Parotid glands Parotid duct – parallel to zygomatic arch Contains only serous cells
Submandibular glands Lies along medial surface of mandible
Sublingual glands Lies in floor of oral cavity Contains primarily mucous cells
The Salivary Glands
Figure 22.16
The enzymes in the salivary glands contains enzymes which begin the digestion of carbohydrates, bicarbonate buffer that neutralizes the acids that are produced by oral bacteria and initiate tooth decay and bactericidal enzymes, antiviral substances, antibodies and cyanide compounds which may kill harmful oral microorganisms.
Which of the following is not contained in saliva?
A) enzymes that begin the digestion of proteins
B) bactericidal enzymes C) enzymes that initiate the digestion of
carbohydrates D) bicarbonate buffer
The Pharynx
Oropharynx and laryngopharynx Passages for air and food Lined with stratified squamous epithelium External muscle layer
Consists of superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors